The potential neuroprotective effects of in a valproic acid-induced experimental model of autism in the siblings of albino rats: targeting PIk3/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with poor social interaction, communication issues, aberrant motor movements, and limited repetitive interests and behaviour. (SP) contains several multi-nutrients and has a wide range of neuroprotective properties. The target of the current experiment is to detect the protective effects of on valproic-induced autism in adult female albino rats' siblings for the first time.

Diabetic microenvironment deteriorates the regenerative capacities of adipose mesenchymal stromal cells.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is an endocrine disorder characterized by compromised insulin sensitivity that eventually leads to overt disease. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) showed promising potency in improving type 2 diabetes and its complications through their immunomodulatory and differentiation capabilities. However, the hyperglycaemia of the diabetic microenvironment may exert a detrimental effect on the functionality of ASCs.

Etiologies underlying subtypes of long-standing type 2 diabetes.

Background: Attempts to subtype, type 2 diabetes (T2D) have mostly focused on newly diagnosed European patients. In this study, our aim was to subtype T2D in a non-white Emirati ethnic population with long-standing disease, using unsupervised soft clustering, based on etiological determinants.

Methods: The Auto Cluster model in the IBM SPSS Modeler was used to cluster data from 348 Emirati patients with long-standing T2D.

Dihydrophenazine: a multifunctional new weapon that kills multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and restores carbapenem and oxidative stress susceptibilities.

Aims: The current work aims to fully characterize a new antimicrobial agent against Acinetobacter baumannii, which continues to represent a growing threat to healthcare settings worldwide. With minimal treatment options due to the extensive spread of resistance to almost all the available antimicrobials, the hunt for new antimicrobial agents is a high priority.

Methods And Results: An Egyptian soil-derived bacterium strain NHM-077B proved to be a promising source for a new antimicrobial agent.

The cross talk between type II diabetic microenvironment and the regenerative capacities of human adipose tissue-derived pericytes: a promising cell therapy.

Background: Pericytes (PCs) are multipotent contractile cells that wrap around the endothelial cells (ECs) to maintain the blood vessel's functionality and integrity. The hyperglycemia associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was shown to impair the function of PCs and increase the risk of diabetes complications. In this study, we aimed to investigate the deleterious effect of the diabetic microenvironment on the regenerative capacities of human PCs.

Nanolayered Structures and Nanohybrids Based on a Ternary System Co/Ti/Zn for Production of Photo-Active Nanocomposites and Purification of Water Using Light.

Water pollution has emerged as a major challenge for the scientific community because of the rapid expansion of the population and the industrial sector in the world. The current study focuses on introducing a new track for designing new optical nanocomposites for purifying water in addition to providing a new additive for building new nanohybrids. These targets were achieved through building a ternary system of Co/Ti/Zn nanocomposites and nanolayered structures.

Detection of early prognostic biomarkers for metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma in pediatric patients.

Aims: Ewing's Sarcoma is an extremely aggressive tumor in children. The disease is associated with highly metastatic rate, especially at the time of diagnosis, contributing to a lower survival rate and poor prognosis. The study aimed to identify predictive biomarkers for metastatic Ewing's sarcoma through in-depth analysis of the plasma proteome profile of pediatric Ewing's sarcoma patients.

Proteomics and metabolomics analyses of camptothecin-producing reveal the integration of PH domain-containing proteins and peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase in restoring the camptothecin biosynthesis.

Decreasing the camptothecin productivity by fungi with storage and subculturing is the challenge that halts their further implementation to be an industrial platform for camptothecin (CPT) production. The highest differentially abundant proteins were Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing proteins and Peptidyl-prolyl / isomerase that fluctuated with the subculturing of with a remarkable relation to CPT biosynthesis and restored with addition of microbiome.

Risk and predictors of severity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 in Dubai.

Background: Globally, patients with diabetes suffer from increased disease severity and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Old age, high body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and complications of diabetes are recognized as major risk factors for infection severity and mortality.

Aim: To investigate the risk and predictors of higher severity and mortality among in-hospital patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes (T2D) during the first wave of the pandemic in Dubai (March-September 2020).

gtAI: an improved species-specific tRNA adaptation index using the genetic algorithm.

The tRNA adaptation index (tAI) is a translation efficiency metric that considers weighted values ( values) for codon-tRNA wobble interaction efficiencies. The initial implementation of the tAI had significant flaws. For instance, generated weights were optimized based on gene expression in , which is expected to vary among different species.

Integrated multiomics analysis to infer COVID-19 biological insights.

Three years after the pandemic, we still have an imprecise comprehension of the pathogen landscape and we are left with an urgent need for early detection methods and effective therapy for severe COVID-19 patients. The implications of infection go beyond pulmonary damage since the virus hijacks the host's cellular machinery and consumes its resources. Here, we profiled the plasma proteome and metabolome of a cohort of 57 control and severe COVID-19 cases using high-resolution mass spectrometry.

A Novel Approach of SWATH-Based Metabolomics Analysis Using the Human Metabolome Database Spectral Library.

Metabolomics is a potential approach to paving new avenues for clinical diagnosis, molecular medicine, and therapeutic drug monitoring and development. The conventional metabolomics analysis pipeline depends on the data-independent acquisition (DIA) technique. Although powerful, it still suffers from stochastic, non-reproducible ion selection across samples.

Fabrication of Effective Nanohybrids Based on Organic Species, Polyvinyl Alcohol and Carbon Nanotubes in Addition to Nanolayers for Removing Heavy Metals from Water under Severe Conditions.

Industrial water has a dual problem because of its strong acidic characteristics and the presence of heavy metals. Removing heavy metals from water in these severe conditions has special requirements. For this problem, an economic method was used for removing iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn) with extremely acidic characteristics from water.

New Approach for Designing Zinc Oxide Nanohybrids to Be Effective Photocatalysts for Water Purification in Sunlight.

Water pollution and deficient energy are the main challenges for the scientific society across the world. In this trend, new approaches include designing zinc oxide nanohybrids to be very active in sunlight. In this line, organic and magnetic species intercalate among the nanolayers of Al/Zn to build inorganic-magnetic-organic nanohybrid structures.

Designing Novel Strategy to Produce Active Nanohybrids in Sunlight for Purification of Water Based on Inorganic Nanolayers, Magnetic Nanocomposites and Organic Species.

Energy and water related problems have attracted strong attention from scientists across the world because of deficient energy and water pollution. Following this line, new strategy depended on preparing nanolayers of Al/Zn and magnetic nanoparticles of cobalt iron oxides nanocomposite in addition to long chains of hydrocarbons of stearic acid to be used as roofs, fillers and pillars; respectively, to design optical-active nanohybrids in sunlight for removing the colored pollutants from water in few minutes. By using long chains of hydrocarbons of stearic acid, X-ray diffraction (XRD) results and TEM images showed expansion of the interlayered spacing from 0.

One-Dimensional Nanoscale Si/Co Based on Layered Double Hydroxides towards Electrochemical Supercapacitor Electrodes.

It is well known that layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are two-dimensional (2D) layered compounds. However, we modified these 2D layered compounds to become one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures destined for high-performance supercapacitors applications. In this direction, silicon was inserted inside the nanolayers of Co-LDHs producing nanofibers of Si/Co LDHs through the intercalation of cyanate anions as pillars for building nanolayered structures.

Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome Inhibits Human SARS-CoV-2 and Avian Infectious Bronchitis Coronaviruses.

Human SARS-CoV-2 and avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) are highly contagious and deadly coronaviruses, causing devastating respiratory diseases in humans and chickens. The lack of effective therapeutics exacerbates the impact of outbreaks associated with SARS-CoV-2 and IBV infections. Thus, novel drugs or therapeutic agents are highly in demand for controlling viral transmission and disease progression.

Different Serum, Different Protein Corona! The Impact of the Serum Source on Cellular Targeting of Folic Acid-Modified Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles.

The nanoparticle (NP) protein corona represents an interface between biological components and NPs, dictating their cellular interaction and biological fate. To assess the success of cellular targeting, NPs modified with targeting ligands are incubated with target cells in serum-free culture medium or in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS). In the former, the role of the corona is overlooked, and in the latter, the effects of a corona that does not represent the one forming in humans nor the respective disease state are considered.

Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line-microenvironment induced cancer-associated phenotype, genotype and functionality in mesenchymal stem cells.

Unlabelled: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown promise in liver cancer treatment. However, when MSCs are recruited to hepatic site of injury, they acquire cancerous promoting phenotype.

Aims: To assess the influence of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironment on human adipose MSCs (hA-MSCs) and predict hA-MSCs intracellular miRNAs role.

Xconnector: Retrieving and visualizing metabolites and pathways information from various database resources.

Metabolomics databases contain crucial information collected from various biological systems and experiments. Developers and scientists performed massive efforts to make the database public and accessible. The diversity of the metabolomics databases arises from the different data types included within the database originating from various sources and experiments can be confusing for biologists and researchers who need further manual investigation for the retrieved data.

Aggresomes predict poor outcomes and implicate proteostasis in the pathogenesis of pediatric choroid plexus tumors.

Purpose: Protein misfolding and aggregation result in proteotoxic stress and underlie the pathogenesis of many diseases. To overcome proteotoxicity, cells compartmentalize misfolded and aggregated proteins in different inclusion bodies. The aggresome is a paranuclear inclusion body that functions as a storage compartment for misfolded proteins.

Relationship of thyroid dysfunction with cardiovascular diseases: updated review on heart failure progression.

Heart disease remains the leading cause of death globally. Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome that results from impairment of the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. Over the past two decades, accumulated evidence has revealed the contribution of thyroid hormones to cardiovascular (CV) events, exerting their action through genomic and non-genomic pathways within the cardiomyocytes.

Thermotolerance and plasticity of camel somatic cells exposed to acute and chronic heat stress.

The Arabian camel is the largest known mammal that can survive in severe hot climatic conditions. We provide the molecular explanation for the thermotolerance of camel granulosa somatic cells after exposure to 45 °C for 2 (acute heat shock) or 20 h (chronic heat shock). The common features of the cellular responses to acute heat stress were the increase of heat shock proteins and DNA repair enzymes expression.

UniprotR: Retrieving and visualizing protein sequence and functional information from Universal Protein Resource (UniProt knowledgebase).

UniprotR is a software package designed to easily retrieve, cluster and visualize protein data from UniProt knowledgebase (UniProtKB) using R language. The package is implemented mainly to process, parse and illustrate proteomics data in a handy and time-saving approach allowing researchers to summarize all required protein information available at UniProtKB in a readable data frame, Excel CSV file, and/or graphical output. UniprotR generates a set of graphics including gene ontology, chromosomal location, protein scoring and status, protein networking, sequence phylogenetic tree, and physicochemical properties.

A low-temperature technique and new strategy for the dual growth of carbon nanotubes and nanorods through the confinement of explosive materials inside a porous structure.

In this paper, we report a low temperature technique and new strategy for the dual growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanorods (CNRs) with alumina nanoparticles to avoid the high temperature required for CNT and CNR production and their assembling behaviour. In this trend, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis indicated that the porous system of aluminium species was prepared and saturated with the crystalline structure of ammonium nitrate to act as a solid explosive composite and caused alcohol decomposition inside a pressurized vessel at 250 °C. TEM images and the Raman results confirmed that the CNTs had grown at 250 °C through the decomposition of methanol inside the boehmite structure.