Determinant of factors associated with water requirement measured using the doubly labelled water method among older Japanese adults.

Objective: Water is an essential nutrient for all organisms and is important for maintaining life and health. We aimed to develop a biomarker-calibrated equation for predicting water turnover (WT) and pre-formed water (PW) using the doubly labelled water (DLW) method.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Diet quality and physical or comprehensive frailty among older adults.

Purpose: While the association between diet quality and mortality has been previously demonstrated, the association between frailty and diet quality has not been evaluated well. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet quality and prevalence of both physical and comprehensive frailty, using two validated tools, in a community-based cohort of older adults.

Methods: We conducted cross-sectional analyses using baseline data of 7022 participants aged ≥ 65 years in the Kyoto-Kameoka study.

Association between Water and Energy Requirements with Physical Activity and Fat-Free Mass in Preschool Children in Japan.

Water and energy are essential for the human body. The doubly labeled water (DLW) method measures water turnover (WT) and total energy expenditure (TEE), which serves as a benchmark for the adequate intake (AI) of water and estimated energy requirements (EER). The objective of the current study was to examine the association of WT and TEE with physical activity and body composition in Japanese preschool children.

Association of bioelectrical phase angle with aerobic capacity, complex gait ability and total fitness score in older adults.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the association between whole-body or segmental phase angle (PhA) based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and aerobic capacity (endurance), complex gait ability, and total fitness age score (FAS).

Methods: A total of 426 community-dwelling older adults (332 women and 94 men) aged 60 to 93 years participated in this study. PhA and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) were obtained by an eight-electrode standing BIA.

Association Between the Prevalence of Frailty and Doubly Labeled Water-Calibrated Energy Intake Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: Appropriate energy intake (EI) is essential to prevent frailty. Because self-reported EI is inaccurate and has systematic errors, adequate biomarker calibration is required. This study examined the association between doubly labeled water (DLW)-calibrated EI and the prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling older adults.

Total Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, Physical Activity, and Step Count in Japanese Preschool Children: A Study Based on Doubly Labeled Water.

Adequate energy intake is essential for the healthy development of children, and the estimated energy requirement of children is determined by total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and energy deposition for growth. A previous study in Japanese tweens indicated that TDEE could be estimated by fat-free mass (FFM) and step count. The aims of this study were to measure TDEE in Japanese preschool children and to confirm whether TDEE can be estimated by FFM and step count in preschool children.

Anti-obesity effects of α-cyclodextrin-stabilized 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate from daikon ( var. ) in mice.

4-Methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate (MTBI) is a pungent bioactive constituent found in daikon. However, MTBI is immediately hydrolyzed to 3-hydroxy-methylene-2-thioxopyrrolidine in grated daikon. In this study, we evaluated whether MTBI in grated daikon complexed with α-cyclodextrin (αCD) has anti-obesity effects in mice.

Estimation of Energy Intake by a Food Frequency Questionnaire: Calibration and Validation with the Doubly Labeled Water Method in Japanese Older People.

Accurate assessments of a target population's energy intake (EI) are essential to prevent poor nutritional status. However, self-reported dietary records (DRs) or food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are not always accurate, thereby requiring validation and calibration studies. This study aimed to validate the EI estimated by a FFQ using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method.

[The Project to Extend Healthy Life Expectancy by Having Fun, in Collaboration with Kobe Women's University (KWU)].

We have conducted health promotion workshops in Kobe City, beginning in June 2016, to promote the view of pharmacies as community health centers that provide not only medicine but also offer support for maintaining and enhancing a person's health. To this end, we collaborated with Kobe Women's University (KWU). Our health promotion workshops included: 1.

Validation of Energy and Nutrition Intake in Japanese Elderly Individuals Estimated Based on a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire Compared against a 7-day Dietary Record: The Kyoto-Kameoka Study.

To determine the association between geriatric disorders and dietary intake, validation of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for elderly individuals is needed. We compared energy and nutrient intakes derived from dietary records (DR) and FFQ in an elderly population and compared the data against results from middle-aged individuals (30⁻68 years) from a previous study. Current participants included 65 women and 78 men (65⁻88 years) who completed FFQ and 7-day DR in a subpopulation of the Kyoto-Kameoka study.

Validity of a triaxial accelerometer and simplified physical activity record in older adults aged 64-96 years: a doubly labeled water study.

Background: The aim was to examine the validity of a triaxial accelerometer (ACCTRI) and a simplified physical activity record (sPAR) in estimating total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) in older adults with the doubly labeled water (DLW) method.

Methods: A total of 44 Japanese elderly individuals (64-96 years), of which 28 were community-dwelling healthy adults with or without sporting habits (S or NS group) and 16 were care home residents with frailty (F group), were included in the study. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was measured by indirect calorimetry, TEE was obtained by the DLW method, and PAL was calculated as TEE/BMR.

Comprehensive geriatric intervention program with and without weekly class-style exercise: research protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial in Kyoto-Kameoka Study.

Objective: The number of long-term care (LTC) users and the associated expenditures in Japan are increasing dramatically. The national government recommends LTC prevention through activation of communities. However, there is no clear evidence of the effect of population-based comprehensive geriatric intervention program (CGIP) for restraints of LTC users and the associated expenditures in the future.

Sex Difference in the Association Between Protein Intake and Frailty: Assessed Using the Kihon Checklist Indexes Among Older Adults.

Background: Dietary protein intake is inversely associated with physical frailty risk. However, it is unknown whether an association exists between dietary protein intake and comprehensive frailty.

Objective: To evaluate the association between protein intake and comprehensive frailty in older Japanese adults.

Consumption of green tea but not coffee is associated with the oral health-related quality of life among an older Japanese population: Kyoto-Kameoka cross-sectional study.

Background/objectives: The consumption of both green tea and coffee is known to induce positive health effects; however, it remains unclear whether there is an association between the consumption of these beverages and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Thus, the present study investigated the relationship between the consumption of green tea and coffee and OHRQoL.

Subjects/methods: We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data in 2012.

Sociodemographic and physical predictors of non-participation in community based physical checkup among older neighbors: a case-control study from the Kyoto-Kameoka longitudinal study, Japan.

Background: It is difficult to obtain detailed information on non-participants in physical and health examination checkups in community-based epidemiological studies. We investigated the characteristics of non-participants in a physical and health examination checkup for older adults in a nested study from the Japanese Kyoto-Kameoka Longitudinal Study.

Methods: We approached a total of 4831 people aged ≥65 years in 10 randomly selected intervention regions.

Validity of predictive equations for resting metabolic rate in healthy older adults.

Background & Aims: Accurate estimation of energy expenditure in older people is important for nutritional support. The current literature contains controversial or inconsistent data regarding the resting metabolic rate (RMR, or basal metabolic rate) in older adults, including the relationship between the RMR and ethnicity. Little information about the RMR in healthy Asian older adults is available.

Association between the Frequency of Protein-Rich Food Intakes and Kihon-Checklist Frailty Indices in Older Japanese Adults: The Kyoto-Kameoka Study.

We aimed to investigate whether frequencies of protein-rich food intake were associated with frailty among older Japanese adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 among 3843 men and 4331 women in a population-based cohort of Kameoka city, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Frailty was assessed by the weighted score based on the 25-item Kihon-Checklist.

Frequency of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Japanese Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Kyoto-Kameoka Study.

Objective: Many previous studies have reported that fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with a reduced risk of various disease, but whether or not their consumption is associated with the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and the OHRQoL in elderly subjects by sex.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from a population-based Kyoto-Kameoka Study in 2012 of 3112 men and 3439 women (age ≥ 65 years).

Prevalence of Frailty Assessed by Fried and Kihon Checklist Indexes in a Prospective Cohort Study: Design and Demographics of the Kyoto-Kameoka Longitudinal Study.

Objective: The Kyoto-Kameoka Study was launched in 2011-2012 to identify the associations among food intake, nutritional status, physical activity, oral function, quality of life or social capital, the use of long-term care insurance (LTCI) system, and healthy lifespan in community-dwelling older people as a part of the World Health Organization Safe Community program.

Design: A prospective cohort study, reporting baseline demographics (cross-sectional data).

Setting And Participants: We conducted 2 mailed self-administered questionnaire surveys; one is a complete population survey with a comprehensive survey of needs in the sphere of daily life (NSDL) that included 2 different frailty indexes, the Kihon Checklist (KCL) and the Fried phenotype, socioeconomic status, general and psychological health, and social relationships; followed by the more detailed Health and Nutrition Survey.

Decline in objective physical activity over a 10-year period in a Japanese elementary school.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the change in accelerometer-derived daily physical activity (PA) and activity record-derived daily activities over a 10-year period in urban elementary schoolchildren in Japan.

Methods: A total of 233 sixth-grade children (11-12 years old) in a same elementary school in Kyoto participated in the study (n = 125 and 108 in 1999 and 2009, respectively). The participant rate is 91.

Association between lifestyle and physical activity level in the elderly: a study using doubly labeled water and simplified physical activity record.

Purpose: Physical activity level (PAL) is associated with all-cause mortality in the elderly. However, few studies have attempted to clarify the relationship between lifestyle and PAL in the elderly. This study aimed to examine the determinants of PAL in the elderly in terms of behavioral patterns and exercise intensity, and to validate the simplified physical activity record (sPAR).

Physical activity, energy intake, and obesity prevalence among urban and rural schoolchildren aged 11-12 years in Japan.

The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been shown to differ among regions, including rural-urban regional differences within nations. This study obtained simultaneous accelerometry-derived physical activity, 24 h activity, and food records to clarify the potential contributing factors to rural-urban differences in childhood overweight and obesity in Japan. Sixth-grade children (n = 227, 11-12 years old) from two urban elementary schools in Kyoto and four rural elementary schools in Tohoku participated in the study.