One pot multi-component synthesis of novel functionalized pyrazolo furan-2(5H)-one derivatives: in vitro, DFT, molecular docking, and pharmacophore studies, as coronavirus inhibitors.

New and facile one-pot approach for the syntheses of 12 derivatives of 3,5-disubstituted furane-2(5H)-one (4a-l) from easily available starting materials. The suitable synthetic procedures for selective synthesis of diverse furane-2(5H)-one derivatives were achieved via multi-component condensation of 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (1), pyruvic acid and different aromatic amines 3a-l in good to high yields and short reaction time by refluxing in acetic acid as well as obtained by another method (method B) when unsaturated arylidene pyruvic acid 6 was refluxed with different aromatic amines in acetic acid but in smaller yield than method A. Structures of the prepared compounds were elucidated by elemental analysis and spectral data as mass, IR, H-NMR and C-NMR spectroscopy.

The prevalence of herbal medicine among Sudanese adults: a cross-sectional study 2021.

Background: The use of herbal medicine has a long history in Sudan and is widely practiced among the general population. However, there is a lack of studies examining the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of herbal medicine usage in Sudan. Thus, this study was conducted to bridge this gap.

Association of SLC22A1, SLC47A1, and KCNJ11 polymorphisms with efficacy and safety of metformin and sulfonylurea combination therapy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Purpose: Multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1), encoded by the SLC47A1 gene and single nucleotide polymorphisms of organic cation transport 1, may impact metformin's responsiveness and side effects. Inward-rectifier potassium channel 6.2 (Kir 6.

Bioanalytical HPLC method with fluorescence detector for determination of Entresto™ when co-administered with ibuprofen and fexofenadine: a pharmacokinetic study.

Entresto™ (LCZ696) has been approved globally for heart failure management. However, its lifelong use alongside over-the-counter (OTC) drugs like ibuprofen (IBU) and fexofenadine (FEX) necessitates an in-depth investigation of potential pharmacokinetic interactions, as they share the same metabolic and elimination pathways. This study aimed to develop a bioanalytical HPLC method with a fluorescence detector (FLD) to quantify LCZ696 analytes (valsartan, VAL; sacubitril, SAC; and sacubitril active metabolite, LBQ657) in rat plasma.

Green and white MEKC for determination of different anti-diabetic binary mixtures and their triple-combo pill.

The work introduces green and white sustainable micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) procedure that could analyze therapeutically related drugs, empagliflozin (EMP), linagliptin (LIN) and metformin (MET) which are antidiabetic drugs with different mechanism of action, in their different pharmaceutical combinations. The method not only comply with the green analytical concepts, but also it is in line with sustainable analytical concepts as it is economic by applying the same operating conditions to analyze different pharmaceuticals in quality control (QC) labs which is a crucial step in QC labs and research centers to save time, effort, and money. Moreover, the method functionality regarding its scope with its achieved levels of accuracy, precision, low detection, and quantitation limits is tested using white assessment tool and compared with reported methods.

Quantifying the impact of PFOA exposure on B-cell development and antibody production.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals; the vast majority are environmentally and biologically persistent, and some have demonstrated toxicity, including cancer, effects on metabolism, endocrine disruption, and immune dysfunction. Suppression of T-cell-dependent antibody responses (TDAR) has been observed in numerous studies of PFAS but mechanisms remain elusive. Evidence from our work suggests that B cells and how they use energy are impacted by PFAS exposure.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy: A Precipitation of Glycogen Storage Disease.

A 16-year-old Saudi female who is a known case of glycogen storage disease type 1A (GSD1A), presented to the emergency department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on 15th January 2021 due to a complaint of persistent vomiting. Two weeks after admission, she began developing double vision and progressive leg weakness with intact sensation. She received the primary management to maintain good hydration and was admitted to the ICU for further workup.

The potential impact of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome on migraine headache characteristics.

Background & Objectives: Studying comorbidities with migraine aids in a better understanding of its pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets. This case-control study aimed to study the impact of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome on the characteristics of migraine headache attacks.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 30 migraine patients and 30 healthy controls.

Empiric Anticoagulation Therapy in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: An Evaluation of Bleeding Risk Scores Performances in Predicting Bleeding Events.

Currently, there is no standardized consensus on anticoagulation (AC) among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has an overwhelming bleeding risk. We aimed to compare the patterns of AC in COVID-19 patients and compare two validated risk scores in predicting bleeding events. A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for COVID-19 patients who received empiric anticoagulation therapy.

One-Pot Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Bioactive Spiro-Oxindoles Based on Uracil Derivatives as SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors Targeting RNA Polymerase and Spike Glycoprotein.

The first outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 was reported about severe acute coronaviral syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 resulted in an extremely high potential for dissemination. No drugs are validated in large-scale studies for significant effectiveness in the clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients, despite the worsening trends of COVID-19.

Stromal Derived Factor-1 Gene Polymorphism in Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a multifactorial disease in which both environmental and genetic factors have been implicated. The study aimed to investigate a possible association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs rs266085 and rs2839693) in the stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) gene and its association to ITP and effect on ITP severity and response to treatment. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and polymorphism in SDF-1 gene rs266085 and rs2839693 was analyzed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in DNA extracted from 60 children with ITP together with 90 healthy controls.

Impact of nano-conjugate on Drosophila for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease. Recent identification of AD biomarkers has led to the diagnosis of AD before the onset of dementia. It has been shown that Drosophila melanogaster is a valuable model for studying human neurodegeneration, including AD.

Voltammetric analysis of dantrolene and its active metabolite with indomethacin in rat plasma.

Aim: Differential pulse polarography was used for the concurrent analysis of the coadministered dantrolene (DAN) and indomethacin (IND) in plasma.

Materials & Methods: DAN and IND, Hanging mercury drop electrode and Britton-Robinson buffer at pH 5 were used. In plasma, cathodic reduction of DAN nitro group and its active metabolite at -0.

High performance thin-layer and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and fluorescence detectors for analysis of valsartan and sacubitril in their supramolecular complex with quantitation of sacubitril-related substance in raw material and tablets.

Valsartan (VAL) and sacubitril (SAC) are combined in a supramolecular complex, LCZ696, which is a newly approved remedy for heart failure. SAC-related substance (biphenyl methyl pyrrolidinone [BMP]) which also appears as an intermediate during SAC synthesis is considered to be a suspected impurity for SAC and/or LCZ696 tablets. The study investigates the analysis of VAL and SAC in their supramolecular complex along with SAC-related substance, BMP, using high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with two different detectors; fluorescence detector (FLD) and diode array detector (DAD).

Photocatalytic properties of PbS/graphene oxide/polyaniline electrode for hydrogen generation.

In this work, roll-graphene oxide (Ro-GO), polyaniline (PANI) nano/microparticles, and PbS nanoparticles were prepared by modified Hammer, oxidative polymerization, and chemical bath deposition methods, respectively. These nano/microstructures were characterized, optimized, and designed to form PbS/Ro-GO/PANI nano/microcomposite. Also, the ratios of PbS and Ro-GO were optimized, and the optimized composition of the used composite was 0.

First derivative emission spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of LCZ696, a newly approved FDA supramolecular complex of valsartan and sacubitril in tablets.

LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan, Entresto™) is a therapy lately approved by United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) as a heart failure therapy. It is claimed to decrease the mortality rate and hospitalization for patients with chronic heart failure. This study is considered as the first report to investigate the fluorimetric behavior of sacubitril in addition to pursuing all the different conditions that may affect its fluorescence.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Grading Using High-Resolution Ultrasonography.

Purpose: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common entrapment neuropathy of the wrist. The diagnosis of CTS has been a concern for physicians for a long time. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of the median nerve (MN) cross-sectional area (CSA) in the wrist compared with the CSA in the forearm to grade the severity of CTS in Egyptian patients.

Self-limiting caries therapy with proteolytic agents.

Purpose: To determine the extent to which artificial carious dentin can be removed by agents that do not seem to attack sound dentin such as pepsin, trypsin, collagenase and NaOCl, and to evaluate the effect of the enzyme pepsin and a new enzymatic solution SFC-V (pepsin in mild acidic buffer) as a self-limiting caries therapy in deep dentin carious lesions using our new model for artificial dentin caries.

Methods: Artificial dentin caries was used to investigate different proteolytic agents which have the potential to remove carious tissue. 408 slices of coronal dentin were subjected to a demineralization regime which produces dentin caries very similar to natural lesions: acetic acid (pH 5) or lactic acid (pH 4) were used (7 days).