Antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic, and cytotoxic properties of bioactive secondary metabolites derived from Bacillus species.

Aflatoxins (AFs) are hazardous carcinogens and mutagens produced by some molds, particularly Aspergillus spp. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria, extract and characterize their bioactive metabolites, and evaluate their antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic, and cytotoxic efficacy against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). Among the 36 bacterial strains isolated, ten bacterial isolates showed high antifungal activity, and thus were identified using biochemical parameters and MALDI-TOF MS.

An Eco-Friendly Approach Utilizing Green Synthesized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles for Leather Conservation against a Fungal Strain, AL1, Involved in the Biodeterioration of a Historical Manuscript.

The main hypothesis of the present research is investigating the efficacy of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) to prevent the growth of fungal strains when applied on leather under an experimental study. Therefore, fifteen fungal strains were isolated from a deteriorated historical manuscript (papers and leathers) and identified by traditional methods and ITS sequence analysis, including (one isolate), (two strains), (four strains), (one strain), (one strain), (two strains), (two strains), and (two strains). The enzymes cellulase, amylase, pectinase, and gelatinase, which play a crucial role in biodegradation, were highly active in these fungal strains.

Antifungal Activity of Cell-Free Filtrate of Probiotic Bacteria ATCC-7469 against Fungal Strains Isolated from a Historical Manuscript.

Herein, twelve fungal strains were isolated from a deteriorated historical manuscript dated back to the 18th century. The obtained fungal strains were identified, using the traditional method and ITS sequence analysis, as (two strains), (five strains), (one strain), (two strains), (one strain), and (one strain). The ability of these fungal strains to degrade the main components of the paper was investigated by their activity to secrete extracellular enzymes including cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, and pectinase.

Extraction and characterization of bioactive secondary metabolites from lactic acid bacteria and evaluating their antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activity.

Aflatoxins are toxic carcinogens and mutagens formed by some moulds, specifically spp. Therefore, this study aimed to extract and identify bioactive secondary metabolites from species, to evaluate their efficacy in reducing fungal growth and aflatoxin production and to investigate their toxicity. The bioactive secondary metabolites of species showed variable degrees of antifungal activity, whereas ethyl acetate extract No.