Functional magnetic resonance imaging under anaesthesia of a patient with severe chronic disorders of consciousness.

Clinical Case: We report on a 19-year old male patient who is recovering from near-drowning. The patient was admitted for re-evaluation in a Minimally Conscious State.

Method: A regular functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging was not possible due to complex motor tics of the patient with sudden flexion and extension movements of arms and legs as well as opisthotonic retroflexion of the head and trunk.

Postoperative and preincisional electrical nerve stimulation TENS reduce postoperative opioid requirement after major spinal surgery.

Background And Objective: Preincisional and postoperative transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) administration reduces postoperative opioid demand in abdominal surgery. Aim of this study was to find out whether a comparable effect of TENS applies in major spinal surgery.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients of both sex scheduled for lumbar interbody fusion were enrolled and divided randomly into 3 groups.