Ceftaroline versus vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia, a matched cohort study.

Background: Vancomycin remains the treatment-of-choice in MRSA bacteraemia (MRSAB) despite significant limitations.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of ceftaroline and vancomycin monotherapy as the initial targeted therapy for MRSAB.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study.

Systemic Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Complications in HIV Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Role of Type II Diabetes.

(1) Background: This study aimed to assess the association between inflammatory biomarkers and gastrointestinal side effects in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), with a specific focus on the impact of type II diabetes. (2) Methods: A total of 320 participants were divided into three groups: 120 HIV-positive without diabetes, 80 HIV-positive with type II diabetes, and 120 controls. Biomarkers such as CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, along with gastrointestinal symptoms, were measured before and six months after ART.

Correlation Between Systemic Inflammation, Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Postoperative Complications After the Modified Whipple Procedure.

(1) Background: The modified Whipple procedure, or pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, is a complex surgical intervention used to treat pancreatic head tumors. While preserving digestive function, it is associated with significant perioperative risks. This study explores the clinical, immunological, and microbiome-related factors influencing postoperative complications, focusing on the interplay between patient comorbidities, systemic inflammation, and gut dysbiosis.

Association Between Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction, Systemic Inflammation, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in HIV-Positive Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy.

Background/objectives: Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-positive individuals face heightened risks of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal (GI) complications, often linked to persistent systemic inflammation. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), prevalent in HIV patients, exacerbates this inflammatory state and may contribute to worsened GI symptoms. This study aims to explore the association between LVDD, systemic inflammation, and gastrointestinal symptoms in HIV-positive patients undergoing ART.

Protective effects of quercetin against tongue injury and oxidative stress triggered by irinotecan: a histopathological, biochemical and molecular study.

Introduction: About 80% of patients receiving chemotherapeutics suffer from side effects related to the gastrointestinal tract. Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a chemotherapeutic agent usually used in treating solid tumors. Quercetin (QRT), a bioflavonoid, is an antioxidant and scavenger reactive oxygen species scavenger.

Preclinical screening for cardiovascular disease with high-sensitivity cardiac troponins: ready, set, go?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerosis, valvular etiologies, or myocardial disorders, is typically asymptomatic for several years, representing an occult phase of illness. Readily available preventive treatments to reduce cholesterol and blood pressure, among other risk factors, have the potential to reduce and delay incident myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, and cardiovascular (CV) deaths. Measurement of circulating levels of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I (cTnI) released from cardiomyocytes, as a result of injury, has been the biochemical standard for the diagnosis of MI for more than 20 years.

Early Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Interactions of Autophagy with Galectin-3 and Oxidative Stress.

: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, including the United Arab Emirates. Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury results in the death of cardiac myocytes that were viable immediately before myocardial reperfusion. We aim to investigate the role of galectin-3 (Gal-3) in autophagy during ischemia-reperfusion injuries.

Surgical treatment of coexisting intra and extralobar sequestration in an infant.

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital malformation in which a nonfunctional segment of lung tissue has no communication with the tracheobronchial tree and does not participate in gas exchange. We present a rare case of a 20-month old female with extralobar pulmonary sequestration that was diagnosed at birth. The patient was also found to have a coexisting intralobar sequestration, found during surgery.

Nursing-Based Sleep Promotion Intervention Effectiveness for Post Cardiac Surgery Patients: Systematic Review.

Background: Sleep is a fundamental prerequisite for physical and mental health. Poor quality of sleep is common among post-cardiac surgery patients and leads to serious health conditions.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review that investigates the effectiveness of eye masks, earplugs and deep-breathing exercise on sleep quality among post-cardiac surgery patients.

Health Impacts of Pre-eclampsia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes.

: Hypertensive disorders, particularly pre-eclampsia, pose significant risks during pregnancy, affecting both maternal and neonatal health. The study aims to analyze short- and long-term health implications for mothers and their children, comparing those with pre-eclampsia to those without, to improve understanding of risk factors, diagnostic markers, and outcomes. : This retrospective observational study involved 235 patients, 98 with pre-eclampsia and 137 without, monitored from 2015 to 2018 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the "Pius Brînzeu" Emergency County Clinical Hospital in Timișoara, Romania.

Chondrosarcoma in Proximal Humerus: The First Reported Case in Lebanon and the Middle East of a Female Treated with MUTARS® Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty.

Introduction: The incidence of chondrosarcomas is relatively high as it comes second to multiple myeloma as the most common primary malignant bony neoplasms in adults. They tend to occur mostly in the axial skeleton. Hence, they rarely develop in the proximal humerus.

Delayed presentation of splenic laceration in a postpartum patient: a case of wandering spleen.

Wandering spleen (WS) is a rare condition where the spleen is abnormally mobile due to lax or poorly developed ligaments, leading to complications like torsion and laceration after trauma. We describe a case of a 31-year-old postpartum female who presented with severe abdominal pain following blunt trauma. Diagnostics showed an enlarged, ectopic spleen, and significant hematoma.

Genetic Insights and Neonatal Outcomes in Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: A Detailed Analysis of the RS5707 Genotype.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) and eclampsia (E) are severe pregnancy complications with significant maternal and neonatal health impacts. This study explores the association of the rs5707 polymorphism in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with PE/E and related neonatal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 400 mother-newborn dyads at the "Pius Brinzeu" Emergency Clinical Hospital Timisoara.

Analogies Between Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid Intra-articular Injections in the Treatment of Advanced Knee Arthritis: A Single-Center Study.

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a degenerative joint disease, is a common cause of chronic knee pain and disability in adults. Conservative management options are the first-line approach, but intra-articular injections, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA), are considered for advanced cases. This study aims to compare the efficacy of PRP versus HA injections in patients with advanced KOA.

Exploring the Association between COVID-19 and Femoral Head Necrosis: A Comprehensive Review.

This study investigates the correlation between COVID-19 and avascular necrosis of the femoral head, considering the potential contribution of medication-induced effects. This research spans the period from August 2022 to January 2024 and includes 32 patients diagnosed with avascular necrosis. While steroid usage, particularly in high doses, is known to predispose individuals to this condition, this study aims to discern if COVID-19 itself plays a role beyond the influence of medication.

Polymorphism Patterns and Socioeconomic Characteristics and Their Influence on the Risk of Preeclampsia.

: Preeclampsia (PE) is a critical condition affecting pregnancies worldwide. Understanding its etiology, particularly the genetic factors, is vital. This study aims to investigate the association between ACE gene polymorphisms, specifically the ACE G2350A (rs4343) variant, and the predisposition to PE, offering insights into the genetic predisposition towards this complex condition.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome in a 19-year-old male: the first case report from Palestine.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity. This case report presents a 19-year-old male from Palestine with BBS, exhibiting delayed diagnosis and variable phenotypic expression. The patient had familial BBS history and presented with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, retinitis pigmentosa, and cryptorchidism.

Evaluating Hepatotoxicity: A Comparative Analysis of New Generation versus Historical Antiretroviral Agents.

(1) Background: Since the advent of zidovudine in 1987, antiretroviral therapy has undergone significant evolution, marked by the introduction of 34 antiretroviral drugs and 24 fixed-dose combinations. Despite these advances, hepatotoxicity remains a formidable challenge, influencing morbidity, mortality, and treatment adherence in HIV-infected patients. This study aims to compare the hepatotoxic effects of latest-generation antiretroviral medications with those of older-generation therapies, assessing their long-term impact on liver health in HIV patients.

The Delayed Presentation of Bilateral Subdural Hematoma Secondary to Epidural Anesthesia for Elective Vaginal Delivery: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Epidural anesthesia (EA) involves reaching the spinal epidural space with an anesthetic drug injection. This procedure provides pain relief during labor. Although EA can lead to some complications, subdural hemorrhage (SDH) is a rare adverse event associated with it.

Prevalence of face mask related complications among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, most healthcare workers (HCWs) were required to wear face masks for long periods of time. Since then, it has been shown that face masks have the potential to cause several physical adverse effects. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of face mask-related complications among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.