Cytogenetic impact of gamma radiation and its effects on growth, yield and drought tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.).

Maize is the third most important grain crop worldwide after wheat and rice; it is a vital global crop, serving as a key source of food, animal feed, and industrial products, making it essential for food security and economic stability in many countries. Drought stress adversely affects water uptake and can stunt growth, reducing the overall productivity of maize. So, this study was carried out to investigate the cytogenetic effects of gamma radiation and drought stress on maize SC131 genotype, focusing on chromosomal aberrations in seedling root meristems induced by varying doses of gamma irradiation (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 Gray) and drought stress imposed by 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG).