Multi-epitope-based vaccine models prioritization against Astrovirus MLB1 using immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches.

Astrovirus MLB1 (HAstV-MLB1) is non-enveloped RNA virus that cause acute gastroenteritis infection. Despite research progress about infection and pathogenesis of HAstV-MLB1, Currently, no vaccine has been developed to effectively combat this pathogen. The current study is based on immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches to design next-generation, multi-epitope-based vaccine models against HAstV-MLB1.

Identification and assessment of hub genes and miRNAs coregulatory associated with immune infiltrations and drug interactions in latent tuberculosis based on MicroarrayData analysis, molecular docking, and dynamic simulation.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern, with the transition from latent to active TB still poorly understood. Therefore, enhancing clinical management and prevention strategies for TB is essential. High-throughput sequencing data of genes and miRNAs from individuals at different TB stages were obtained from NCBI.

Natural Compounds from Alhagi maurorum as Potential HCC and HepG2 Inhibitors: An Integrated Study using Pharmacophore Development, Molecular Docking, MD Simulation, and DFT Approaches.

Background: The rise in the frequency of liver cancer all over the world makes it a prominent area of research in the discovery of new drugs or repurposing of existing drugs.

Methods: This article describes the pharmacophore-based structure-activity relationship (3DQSAR) on the secondary metabolites of Alhagi maurorum to inhibit human liver cancer cell lines Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoma G2 (HepG2) which represents the molecular level understanding for isolated phytochemicals of Alhagi maurorum. The definite features, such as hydrophobic regions, average shape, and active compounds' electrostatic patterns, were mapped to screen phytochemicals.

Examining the landscape transformation and temperature dynamics in Pakistan.

This study aims to examine the landscape transformation and temperature dynamics using multiple spectral indices. The processes of temporal fluctuations in the land surface temperature is strongly related to the morphological features of the area in which the temperature is determined, and the given factors significantly affect the thermal properties of the surface. This research is being conducted in Pakistan to identify the vegetation cover, water bodies, impervious surfaces, and land surface temperature using decadal remote sensing data with four intervals during 1993-2023 in the Mardan division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder Among Hospitalised Patients: Learning from a Retrospective Cohort Study in Secondary Care.

Excessive alcohol consumption is among the leading causes of hospitalisation in high-income countries and contributes to over 200 medical conditions. We aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of alcohol use disorder (AUD), describe the distribution of AUD in ICD-10 discharge diagnosis groups and ascertain any relationship between them in secondary care. The study group was a retrospective cohort of adult patients admitted to Nottingham University Hospital (NUH) between 4 April 2009 and 31 March 2020.

Catalytic-assisted remediation and phytotoxicity evaluations of organic pollutants in the presence of metal-doped BiO-based NPs catalyst.

The chemical co-precipitation method was used to synthesize a variety of pure BiO and substituted BiCoCdO NPs (x = 0.0-0.8) and doping influences were evaluated based on the optical, photocatalytic, morphological, and structural characteristics.

Use of a broad β-diversity for bioassessment of salinity stress on community homogeneity in marine environments.

To determine the feasibility of β-diversity measures to evaluate the impact of salinity stress on community homogeneity in marine environments, a 1-month bioassay was conducted using the protozoan assemblage as the test community. The test samples were collected using the slide method in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China. Five treatments were designed according to a salinity gradient of 9, 19, 29, 39, and 49 PSU.

Leveraging computer-aided design and artificial intelligence to develop a next-generation multi-epitope tuberculosis vaccine candidate.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health challenge. The existing Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine has limited efficacy in preventing adult pulmonary TB, necessitating the development of new vaccines with improved protective effects.

Methods: Computer-aided design and artificial intelligence technologies, combined with bioinformatics and immunoinformatics approaches, were used to design a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against TB.

Exploring advanced genomic and immunoinformatics techniques for identifying drug and vaccine targets against SARS-CoV-2.

The coronavirus that causes serious acute respiratory syndrome. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still a major problem in public health and biomedicine. Even if there is no cure for it, the infection is still progressing naturally, and the only time that optimal treatment choices, such as doxycycline, work is at the beginning of the infection.

Biomarkers for Early Detection of Stroke: A Systematic Review.

Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Identifying reliable biomarkers for stroke diagnosis and risk prediction could significantly improve patient outcomes through earlier intervention and better risk management. The objective of this systematic review is to systematically review recent studies investigating biomarkers for stroke diagnosis and risk prediction and to synthesize the most promising findings.

NK/DC crosstalk-modulating antitumor activity via Sema3E/PlexinD1 axis for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.

The complex relationship between natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) within the tumor microenvironment significantly impacts the success of cancer immunotherapy. Recent advancements in cancer treatment have sought to bolster innate and adaptive immune responses through diverse modalities, aiming to tilt the immune equilibrium toward tumor elimination. Optimal antitumor immunity entails a multifaceted interplay involving NK cells, T cells and DCs, orchestrating immune effector functions.

Virtual screening, ADME prediction, drug-likeness, and molecular docking analysis of Fagonia indica chemical constituents against antidiabetic targets.

Fagonia indica from Zygophyllaceae family is a medicinal specie with significant antidiabetic potential. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro antidiabetic activity of Fagonia indica crude extract followed by an in silico screening of its phytoconstituents. For this purpose, crude extract of Fagonia indica was prepared and divided in three different parts, i.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of ZnMoS Nanorods on Nickel Foam Substrate for Advanced Hybrid Supercapacitor Applications.

A single-step hydrothermal method was utilized to grow ZnMoS (ZMS) nanorods uniformly. Initially, [MoS] and Zn ions interacted to create active nucleation centers, which then led to the formation of primary particles. These particles then underwent spontaneous aggregation and self-assembly on the nickel foam (NF) substrate, which served as a superior 3D interconnecting network template.

An approach to evaluating seasonal responses to acute toxicity of antibiotic nitrofurazone on periphytic ciliated protist communities in marine environments.

Periphytic protists including ciliates are the primary components of microbial communities in which they play a vital role in the progression of food webs by moving resources from lower to higher trophic levels. However, the toxic effects of veterinary antibiotics on periphytic protists across four seasons are minimally understood. Therefore, in this study, a 1-year survey was conducted with the antibiotic nitrofurazone (NFZ) applied at concentrations of 0.

An In Silico In Vitro and In Vivo Study on the Influence of an Eggplant Fruit ( Lam) Diet on Metabolic Dysfunction in the Sucrose-Induced Diabetic-like Fruit Fly ().

Africa faces immense food and health insecurity challenges, a problem partly attributed to food loss and waste during postharvest handling and distribution. In the context of research to meet the sustainable development goals, this project specifically addressed the postharvest loss of the ripe indigenous eggplant ( lam) fruit called "Igba Yinrin" by Yoruba in South-West Nigeria, which is usually discarded in farms. The study was carried out on ripe and unripe fruits to better understand their value by comparing their effects in diabetes treatment.

Design, synthesis, biological profiling and molecular docking of some novel oxazolones and imidazolones exhibiting good inhibitory potential against acetylcholine esterase.

Heterocyclic compounds with oxazole and imidazole rings in their structure have disclosed momentous biological aptitudes. Taking into account their superlative attributes, the present study was designed to introduce a new synthetic scheme to make new derivatives with tremendous futuristic pharmacological potentialities. Series of Oxazolones were synthesized by using substituted benzaldehyde with benzyl halides to produce respective benzaldehyde derivatives 1 (a-d) which further reacted with hippuric acid to yield oxazolones 2 (a-e).

Microplastics drive community dynamics of periphytic protozoan fauna in marine environments.

The pollution of microplastics (MPs) to the marine environment has become a widespread focus of attention. To assess MP-induced ecotoxicity on marine ecosystems, periphytic protozoan communities were used as test organisms and exposed to five concentrations of MPs: 0, 1, 5, 25, and 125 mg l. Protozoan samples were collected using microscope slides from coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China.

Genomic annotation for vaccine target identification and immunoinformatics-guided multi-epitope-based vaccine design against Songling virus through screening its whole genome encoded proteins.

(SGLV), a newly discovered tick-borne orthonairovirus, was recently identified in human spleen tissue. It exhibits cytopathic effects in human hepatoma cells and is associated with clinical symptoms including headache, fever, depression, fatigue, and dizziness, but no treatments or vaccines exist for this pathogenic virus. In the current study, immunoinformatics techniques were employed to identify potential vaccine targets within SGLV by comprehensively analyzing SGLV proteins.

Mutational screening of GDAP1 in dysphonia associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: clinical insights and phenotypic effects.

Introduction: Mutations in GDAP1 (Ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1) gene are linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), a Heterogenous group of disorders with multiple phenotypes, characterized by peripheral nerve dysfunction that can lead to vocal cord paralysis and diaphragmatic dysfunction.

Main Body: All three affected children of this chosen family have manifested the same clinical symptoms with progressive weakness, mild sensory impairment, and absent tendon reflexes in their early years. Electrodiagnostic analysis displayed an axonal type of neuropathy in affected patients.

Hsa_circRNA_0000284 acts as a ceRNA to participate in coronary heart disease progression by sponging miRNA-338-3p via regulating the expression of .

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent global cause of death. Research suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a role in the development of CHD. In this study, we investigated the expression of hsa_circRNA_0000284 in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) obtained from a cohort of 94 CHD patients aged over 50 years, as well as 126 age-matched healthy controls (HC).

Control of the Reaction Kinetics of Monodispersed InP/ZnSeSZnS-Based Quantum Dots Using Organophosphorus Compounds for Electroluminescent Devices.

Green emissive InP-based quantum dots (QDs) remain less developed than red QDs because of the difficulty of controlling the reactivity of small InP cores. Herein, we report the synthesis of monodispersed green InP-based QDs using tris(dimethylamino)phosphine, a considerably inexpensive and safer phosphorus source compared to conventional tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine. An organophosphorus compound, trioctylphosphine, was used to control the reaction kinetics by slowing the progression of the nucleation process, which weakened the aggregation behavior of the clusters and improved the size distribution.

Mitigating Ammonia and Greenhouse Gaseous Emission From Arable Land by Co-application of Zeolite and Biochar.

The intensive use of chemical fertilizers in arable farming dramatically increased environmental pollution through anthropogenic ammonia (NH) and greenhouse gaseous emissions. Therefore, there is a need to develop improved fertilizer management practices that can reduce these losses. An experiment was conducted to assess the mitigating effects of sole or combined application of zeolite with biochar on gaseous emissions from arable land.

COVID-19 induced acute pancreatitis after resolution of the infection.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been linked to many systemic inflammatory reactions and high morbidity and mortality rates. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms progress more rapidly than others. COVID-19 induced acute pancreatitis is not common and can occur in cases of mild infection or even after resolution of the viral infection.