Diagnostic Approaches in Nuclear Medicine for Reproductive Health Assessment: Hysterosalpingography in Radiology versus hysterosalpingoscintigraphy.

Background: Infertility is a significant aspect of reproductive health and evaluating degree of tubal pathology is essential for determining appropriate management plans.

Aims And Objectives: To assess the role of hysterosalpingoscintigraphy (HSSG) as a tubal patency test in nuclear medicine and compare it with hysterosalpingography (HSG) in radiology in infertile women and study pain perception in both tests as well.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 infertility patients undergoing infertility evaluation at a tertiary care hospital.

18-F FDG PET/CT in a Case of Recurrent Pericardial Effusion Diagnosed as Cardiac Sarcoma.

Recurrent pericardial effusion poses a diagnostic challenge, especially in young patients. We present a case of a 22-year-old female who experienced recurrent pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. Despite initial treatment with anti-tubercular drugs and prednisolone, the patient had a relapse of symptoms, necessitating further investigation.

A Prospective Comparative Study between 99mTc MIBI Myocardial Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography to Detect Viable Myocardium in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare 99mTc MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT and Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography (DSE) in detecting viable myocardium in patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Materials And Methods: Total of 50 patients who with CAD and poor LV function were idenitifed on 2D Echo using 16 segment cardiac model. These patients underwent 99mTc MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT and Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography and the results were compared with the gold standard 18F-FDG PET-CT findings.

Use of Oral Empagliflozin to Obtain Optimal Blood Sugar Levels for Conducting F-FDG PET-CT in Patients with Hyperglycemia-A Pilot Study.

 Flourine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ( F-FDG PET-CT) is a well-established imaging modality for the evaluation of patients with oncological and nononcological conditions. The underlying principle of imaging is the preferentially increased glucose consumption by cancer cells, due to overexpression of glucose type 1 receptors that are insulin independent. Thus, one of the factors that leads to decreased sensitivity of an F-FDG PET-CT is elevated blood sugar levels, leading to decreased glucose uptake by cancer cells due to competitive inhibition.

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scan Findings in a Rare Case of Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma.

Skin lymphomas are less common and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a fairly rare subtype of primary cutaneous lymphoma. Skin lymphomas involve subcutaneous adipose tissues with no involvement of lymph nodes. Diagnosis of these cases is generally a challenge to clinicians.

Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Community Based Cross-sectional study.

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the deposition of fat inside liver cells in the absence of secondary causes. It is considered as a hepatic complication of metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome consists of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity.

Imaging findings in a neglected case of chronic otitis media.

Intracranial complications of otitis media are associated with high mortality. Persistent otalgia or otorrhea while on oral antibiotics with associated neurological symptoms are ominous signs suggestive of a complication. A high index of suspicion and early diagnosis with radioimaging are essential for better outcome in these patients.

Giant cavernous hemangiolymphangioma of the bladder without cutaneous hemangiomatosis causing massive hematuria in a child.

We report the first case of cavernous hemangiolymphangioma of the urinary bladder without cutaneous hemangiomatosis. A 5-year-old boy was admitted for investigation of a 2-month episode of gross hematuria accompanied by lower abdominal pain. Radiological investigations revealed a solid enhancing mass at the dome of the bladder with associated low-flow lesion in the posterolateral wall of the bladder.

Infected retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma masquerading as psoas abscess.

A 2-year-old male is described who presented with fever, fixed flexion deformity of the right hip and a tender mass in the right iliac fossa. A clinical diagnosis of psoas abscess was made. Abdominal ultrasound was suggestive of an echogenic retroperitoneal cyst but could not accurately determine the nature of the cyst.

Atypical malignant round cell tumour of the femur.

We report an atypical case of malignant round cell tumour in a 25-year-old man who presented with pain in the left hip of insidious onset and long duration of about 1½ years. Radiologically, the tumour was meta-epiphyseal in location with sparing of the diaphysis and showed a defined, narrow zone of transition. These appearances are contradictory to the well documented classical features of malignant round cell tumours, which usually present with a short history, are meta-diaphyseal in location, and appear ill-defined with a wide zone of transition due to infiltration of the adjacent bone.

Analysis of problems, complications, avoidance and management with transanal pull-through for Hirschsprung disease.

Background: The primary aim of this study is to detail the problems, complications, their avoidance, and management with transanal pull-through developed from experience with 65 patients.

Methods: A retrospective study of 65 patients who underwent transanal pull-through between January 2002 and December 2006 was conducted. Their medical charts and operative notes were reviewed for problems encountered during surgery, postoperative period, and follow-up.

Sphincter saving anorectoplasty (SSARP) for the reconstruction of Anorectal malformations.

Background: This report describes a new technique of sphincter saving anorectoplasty (SSARP) for the repair of anorectal malformations (ARM).

Methods: Twenty six males with high ARM were treated with SSARP. Preoperative localization of the center of the muscle complex is facilitated using real time sonography and computed tomography.

Modified posterior sagittal transanorectal approach in repair of urogenital sinus anomalies.

Introduction: To describe the operative details and results of a modified posterior sagittal transanorectal approach for the reconstruction of urogenital sinus (UGS) anomalies.

Technical Considerations: Six children with UGS anomalies underwent surgery using this technique. In a prone jack-knife position, a midline incision was continued to the puborectalis muscle.

Complex urethral disruptions: in pursuit of a successful reconstruction.

Objectives: We analyzed the methods and outcomes of urethroplasty in men with complex urethral disruptions.

Methods: The medical records of 40 men with complex urethral disruptions were analyzed. Surgical methods were individualized according to stricture location, severity and length of the stricture, bladder neck characteristics and presence of complicating factors.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the abdominal wall simulating rhabdomyosarcoma: report of a case.

We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with a progressively enlarging mass in the anterior abdominal wall. Computed tomography showed an intensely enhancing heterogeneous lesion arising from the anterior abdominal wall muscles with intraperitoneal extension. Based on the location of the tumor and the radiological findings we made a provisional diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma.

Doppler study of splanchnic hemodynamics in Hirschsprung's disease.

Background: Doppler studies of splanchnic vessels have demonstrated alteration in blood flow in bowel obstruction and strangulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic changes in celiac artery (CA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) using pulsed Doppler sonography (PDS) in Hirschsprung's disease.

Material And Methods: Fasting splanchnic flowmetry of CA, SMA, and IMA arteries was performed using PDS preoperatively in 13 patients with Hirschsprung's disease and 13 healthy age- and sex-matched controls.

Ganglioneuroma of small bowel mesentery presenting as acute abdomen.

Ganglioneuroma is a rare benign tumor, usually seen in children and young adults, arising in the central nervous system. Ganglioneuroma of the mesentery is extremely rare; only one case has been recorded. We report the second case of a primary mesentery ganglioneuroma.

Single-stage transanal endorectal pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease: perspective from a developing country.

Background/purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, results, and cost-effectiveness of totally transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT) in the management of rectosigmoid and midsigmoid Hirschsprung's disease (HD) in a low-income country.

Methods: Between March 2004 and December 2005, 19 children underwent totally TEPT procedure. The patients' ages ranged from 6 days to 13 years.

Gall bladder carcinoma: stroke as first manifestation.

Clinical presentation of gall bladder carcinoma with distant metastasis is extremely rare. We report a 73-year-old lady who presented with right-sided hemiparesis. CT scan showed a left frontal lobe tumor.

Application of a plain abdominal radiograph transition zone (PARTZ) in Hirschsprung's disease.

Background: A standard contrast enema for Hirschsprung's disease can sometimes be inconclusive in delineating a transition zone especially in neonates and infants. The aim of this study was to determine the utility and diagnostic accuracy of a plain abdominal radiograph transition zone (PARTZ) in predicting the level of aganglionosis.

Methods: A prospective observational study of neonates and infants with biopsy proven Hirschsprung's disease was carried out from March 2004 through March 2006.

Nonfamilial juvenile polyposis coli manifesting as massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage: report of two cases.

Juvenile polyposis syndrome is an uncommon hamartomatous disorder with gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of varying degree and malignant potential. We report the cases of an 8-year-old girl and a 5-year-old girl who suffered massive lower GI hemorrhage. Neither patient had a family history of polyposis.

Complex posterior urethral disruptions: management by combined abdominal transpubic perineal urethroplasty.

Purpose: We present our short-term results of abdominal transpubic perineal urethroplasty for complex posterior urethral disruption.

Materials And Methods: From January 2000 to March 2005, 21 patients with complex posterior urethral disruption underwent abdominal transpubic perineal urethroplasty. Complex disruption was defined as stricture gap exceeding 3 cm or associated perineal fistulas, rectourethral fistulas, periurethral cavities, false passages, an open bladder neck or previous failed repair.