Superficial femoral artery access for endovascular aortic repair.

Objective: The majority of endovascular aneurysm repair procedures are performed through the common femoral artery (CFA). Arterial access is gained by surgical cutdown or percutaneous approach. The surgical approach has a relatively high local complication rate.

Carotid Endarterectomy in a Patient With Type 2 Myocardial Infarction During Preparation for Surgery: A Case Report.

We present a patient who was admitted for carotid endarterectomy due to tight carotid stenosis and recent amaurosis fugax. His medical history included significant coronary artery disease with stable angina pectoris, hypertension with wide pulse pressure, chronic renal failure, and anemia. During preparation for surgery, the patient developed type 2 myocardial infarction with prolonged chest pain, ST depressions on electrocardiogram, and significant troponin elevations.

Monoubiquitylation of alpha-synuclein by seven in absentia homolog (SIAH) promotes its aggregation in dopaminergic cells.

alpha-Synuclein plays a major role in Parkinson disease. Unraveling the mechanisms of alpha-synuclein aggregation is essential to understand the formation of Lewy bodies and their involvement in dopaminergic cell death. alpha-Synuclein is ubiquitylated in Lewy bodies, but the role of alpha-synuclein ubiquitylation has been mysterious.

Left subclavian artery occlusion by thoracic aortic stent graft: long-term clinical and duplex follow-up.

Background: In recent years there has been an increase in endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms. In cases of insufficient neck length, occlusion of left subclavian artery achieves proper sealing and is usually well tolerated. Selected cases require revascularization of the left subclavian artery, including patients after coronary bypass surgery (left internal mammary to left anterior descending) and those with arm claudication or subclavian steal syndrome.

Phosphorylation of Parkin by the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 at the linker region modulates its ubiquitin-ligase activity and aggregation.

Mutations in Parkin are responsible for a large percentage of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism cases. Parkin displays ubiquitin-ligase activity and protects against cell death promoted by several insults. Therefore, regulation of Parkin activities is important for understanding the dopaminergic cell death observed in Parkinson disease.

Synphilin-1A: an aggregation-prone isoform of synphilin-1 that causes neuronal death and is present in aggregates from alpha-synucleinopathy patients.

alpha-Synucleinopathies are a group of neurological disorders characterized by the presence of intracellular inclusion bodies containing alpha-synuclein. We previously demonstrated that synphilin-1 interacts with alpha-synuclein, implying a role in Parkinson's disease. We now report the identification and characterization of synphilin-1A, an isoform of synphilin-1, which has enhanced aggregatory properties and causes neurotoxicity.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta modulates synphilin-1 ubiquitylation and cellular inclusion formation by SIAH: implications for proteasomal function and Lewy body formation.

alpha-Synuclein is known to play a major role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. We previously identified synphilin-1 as an alpha-synuclein-interacting protein and more recently found that synphilin-1 also interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligases SIAH-1 and SIAH-2. SIAH proteins ubiquitylate synphilin-1 and promote its degradation through the ubiquitin proteasome system.

Ubiquitylation of synphilin-1 and alpha-synuclein by SIAH and its presence in cellular inclusions and Lewy bodies imply a role in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Lewy body formation and death of dopaminergic neurons. Mutations in alpha-synuclein and parkin cause familial forms of PD. Synphilin-1 was shown to interact with alpha-synuclein and to promote the formation of cytosolic inclusions.