Time-course analysis of cisplatin induced AKI in preclinical models: implications for testing different sources of MSCs.

Background: Kidneys are at risk from drug-induced toxicity, with a significant proportion of acute kidney injury (AKI) linked to medications, particularly cisplatin. Existing cytoprotective drugs for cisplatin-AKI carry side effects, prompting a search for better biological therapies. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are under consideration given their regenerative properties, yet their clinical application has not achieved their full potential, mainly due to variability in the source of MSC tested.

Therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Autoimmune diseases are caused by an imbalance in the immune system, producing autoantibodies that cause inflammation leading to tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases and a major contributor to patient morbidity and mortality. Although many drugs manage the disease, curative therapy remains elusive, and current treatment regimens have substantial side effects.

Precision Delivery of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into the Pancreas Via Intra-arterial Injection Prevents the Onset of Diabetes.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy to potentially treat diabetes given their potent anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties. While these regenerative cells have shown considerable promise in cell culture, their clinical translation has been challenging. In part, this can be attributed to these cells not reaching the pancreas to exert their regenerative effects following conventional intravenous (IV) injection, with the majority of cells being trapped in the lungs in the pulmonary first-pass effect.

Precision Delivery of Steroids as a Rescue Therapy for Gastrointestinal Graft-versus-Host Disease in Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is one of the most serious complications following stem cell transplant in children and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment, and although a majority of children respond to systemic steroids, those refractory to or dependent upon corticosteroids suffer from complications secondary to long-term steroid administration. This problem has prompted consideration of steroid-sparing treatment strategies, although the time to clinical remission can be variable.

β Cell and Autophagy: What Do We Know?

Pancreatic β cells are central to glycemic regulation through insulin production. Studies show autophagy as an essential process in β cell function and fate. Autophagy is a catabolic cellular process that regulates cell homeostasis by recycling surplus or damaged cell components.

Case Series of Precision Delivery of Methylprednisolone in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Feasibility, Clinical Outcomes, and Identification of a Vasculitic Transcriptional Program.

Systemic steroid exposure, while useful for the treatment of acute flares in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is associated with an array of side effects that are particularly significant in children. Technical advancements have enabled locoregional intraarterial steroid delivery directly into specific segments of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby maximizing tissue concentration while limiting systemic exposure. We investigated the feasibility of intraarterial steroid administration into the bowel in a cohort of nine pediatric patients who had IBD.

Integrated transcriptome-proteome analyses of human stem cells reveal source-dependent differences in their regenerative signature.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are gaining increasing prominence as an effective regenerative cellular therapy. However, ensuring consistent and reliable effects across clinical populations has proved to be challenging. In part, this can be attributed to heterogeneity in the intrinsic molecular and regenerative signature of MSCs, which is dependent on their source of origin.

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells-from bench to bedside.

In recent years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have generated a lot of attention due to their paracrine and immuno-modulatory properties. mesenchymal stromal cells derived from the umbilical cord (UC) are becoming increasingly recognized as having increased therapeutic potential when compared to mesenchymal stromal cells from other sources. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various compartments of umbilical cord tissue from which mesenchymal stromal cells can be isolated, the differences and similarities with respect to their regenerative and immuno-modulatory properties, as well as the single cell transcriptomic profiles of expanded and freshly isolated umbilical cord-mesenchymal stromal cells.

Mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Strategies and limitations.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of age-related dementia and is characterized by progressive brain damage that gradually destroys memory and the ability to learn, which ultimately leads to the decline of a patient's ability to perform daily activities. Although some of the pharmacological treatments of AD are available for symptomatic relief, they are not able to limit the progression of AD and have several side effects. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) could be a potential therapeutic option for treating AD due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, regenerative, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects.

Update on Pediatric Interventional Radiology.

The field of pediatric interventional radiology encompasses the treatment of a broad range of patients. Whether treating a premature infant who weighs less than 1 kg or treating an adult-sized teenager who weighs more than 100 kg, the innovative skills of the interventional radiologist are required to adapt equipment designed for adult patients, to meet the needs of children. Moreover, children cannot be treated simply as small adults owing to a number of factors, including differences in physiology, disease processes, and treatment techniques between pediatric and adult patients.

Extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease: from pathology to therapeutic approaches.

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder that starts many years before the onset of cognitive symptoms. Identifying novel biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease has the potential for patient risk stratification, early diagnosis, and disease monitoring in response to therapy. A novel class of biomarkers is extracellular vesicles given their sensitivity and specificity to specific diseases.

Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells transfusion in a critically Ill infant diagnosed with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A case report.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still an emergency in many countries. Herein, we report treatment with human placental-derived mesenchymal stromal cells transfusion (hPD-MSCT) in a critically ill infant diagnosed with COVID-19. A 28-day-old male infant with a history of pneumonia was referred to our center with decreased SpO (92%) and fever (38.

Autologous conditioned serum for degenerative diseases and prospects.

Autologous conditioned serum (ACS) is a blood-derived product that is prepared by the incubation of whole blood with medical-grade glass beads, resulting in serum enrichment in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13), and high concentrations of growth factors. ACS has shown qualitatively and quantitatively better therapeutic effects than most established pharmacological treatments and surgery for joint diseases given its ability to both target the inflammatory cascade to decrease cartilage destruction as well as improve endogenous repair mechanisms. ACS application is simple and safe with limited adverse effects.

Localized drug delivery graphene bioscaffolds for cotransplantation of islets and mesenchymal stem cells.

In the present work, we developed, characterized, and tested an implantable graphene bioscaffold which elutes dexamethasone (Dex) that can accommodate islets and adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). In vitro studies demonstrated that islets in graphene–0.5 w/v% Dex bioscaffolds had a substantial higher viability and function compared to islets in graphene-alone bioscaffolds or islets cultured alone ( < 0.

Insulin Granule-Loaded MicroPlates for Modulating Blood Glucose Levels in Type-1 Diabetes.

Type-1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder resulting from the autoimmune destruction of β cells. The current standard of care requires multiple, daily injections of insulin and accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels (BGLs); in some cases, this results in diminished patient compliance and increased risk of hypoglycemia. Herein, we engineered hierarchically structured particles comprising a poly(lactic--glycolic) acid (PLGA) prismatic matrix, with a 20 × 20 μm base, encapsulating 200 nm insulin granules.

Diabetes complications and extracellular vesicle therapy.

Diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by dysregulated glycemic conditions. Diabetic complications include microvascular and macrovascular abnormalities and account for high morbidity and mortality rates in patients. Current clinical approaches for diabetic complications are limited to symptomatic treatments and tight control of blood sugar levels.

Endogenous NO-releasing Carbon Nanodots for Tumor-specific Gas Therapy.

Carbon nanodots based on L-arginine (L-Arg) were developed for enhanced nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy for cancer. The L-Arg-based carbon nanodots (Arg-dots) produced high levels of NO in the tumor environment rich in endogenous HO. In vitro cell experiments revealed that the Arg-dots could kill tumor cells (including human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, female gastric cancer cell line BGC-823, male lung cancer cell line A549, and female leukemic cell line K562) but did not affect the activity of normal cells (human normal lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B).