The Modified Bosniak Classification for Intermediate-Risk Renal Cysts in Children.

Objectives: To examine correlations of the modified Bosniak categories assigned by radiologists to histological results and inter-rater reliability, focusing on intermediate-risk lesions.

Materials And Methods: The data of pediatric patients who underwent surgery for intermediate-risk complex renal cyst at a tertiary medical center in 2006-2019 were collected retrospectively. Four pediatric radiologists from 2 different medical centers reviewed the available imaging scans, and assigned each to one of the four modified Bosniak classification categories.

The Added Value of the Lateral Chest Radiograph for Diagnosing Community Acquired Pneumonia in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Background: Opinions differ as to the need of a lateral radiograph for diagnosing community acquired pneumonia in children referred to the emergency department. A lateral radiograph increases the ionizing radiation burden but at the same time may improve specificity and sensitivity in this population.

Objectives: To determine the value of the frontal and lateral chest radiographs compared to frontal view stand-alone images for the management of children with suspected community acquired pneumonia seen in a pediatric emergency department.

Growth of the colon and rectum throughout gestation: evaluation with fetal MRI.

Background: Congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract are increasingly being evaluated by prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there is a paucity of reports describing the normal quantitative development of the fetal colon and rectum on MRI.

Purpose: To provide growth curves of the MRI estimated diameter of the fetal colon and rectum as a function of gestational age.

Increased Renal Echogenicity in Children With Appendicitis.

Objectives: Ultrasound (US) is an important modality for the detection of acute appendicitis in children but has limited sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, additional US findings may contribute to the diagnosis. In our experience, children with acute appendicitis often have increased renal cortical echogenicity on US imaging.

Sonographic Detection of Accessory Adrenal Tissue in Neonates.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence and appearance of accessory adrenal tissue in neonates, as diagnosed by high-resolution sonography, and increase the awareness of this entity.

Methods: We examined the adrenal glands in 153 neonates referred for renal and urinary tract sonography at our institution between January 2014 and January 2015. All kidneys and adrenal glands, except for ectopic kidneys, were scanned with the neonate prone and a linear array transducer with frequency of 11 or 14 MHz.

BCGitis and BCGosis in children with primary immunodeficiency - imaging characteristics.

Background: When administered to an immune-compromised patient, BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) can cause disseminated and life-threatening infections.

Objective: To describe the imaging findings in children with primary immunodeficiency and BCG-related infections.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the imaging findings of children with primary immunodeficiency treated at a children's hospital during 2012-2014 with localized or disseminated BCG infection.

Cerebellar hemorrhage in very low birth weight premature infants: the advantage of the posterolateral fontanelle view.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cerebellar hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants using the posterolateral fontanelle for ultrasound (US) examination.

Methods: The study included 125 very low birth weight premature infants (defined as equal or less than 1500 grams at birth) hospitalized in the premature or neonatal intensive care departments that had at least one head US examination including both anterior and posterolateral fontanelle scans.

Results: On US performed through the posterolateral fontanelle, four (3.

Who should be reading chest radiographs in the pediatric emergency department?

Background: Pediatric emergency department chest radiographs are frequently interpreted by the pediatrician, and patient management is based on this interpretation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the chest radiograph interpretation discordance rate between pediatricians and pediatric radiologists and determine its clinical significance.

Methods: This study included 1196 patients admitted off-hours to the pediatric emergency department who had chest radiographs as part of the clinical evaluation.

Chest radiograph findings in children with laboratory confirmed pandemic H1N1 virus infection.

Introduction: Since its onset in the spring of 2009, the H1N1 pandemic has kept health-care professionals busy worldwide. Even though it often causes respiratory tract illness, reports describing the radiological manifestations in infected children are few. The purpose of this study was twofold: to review the chest radiograph findings in children with laboratory-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus and compare them with the chest radiographic findings in children with the same symptoms but laboratory negative.

The yield of early postnatal ultrasound scan in neonates with documented antenatal hydronephrosis.

We retrospectively assessed the yield of early postnatal ultrasound scans in neonates with documented antenatal hydronephrosis. We reviewed recording data of prenatal renal ultrasound for 178 newborn infants and the results of renal ultrasound performed during the first days of life. Of 119 infants with prenatal diagnosis of mild hydronephrosis (renal pelvic diameter <10 mm), 116 (97.

Sedation during voiding cystourethrography: comparison of the efficacy and safety of using oral midazolam and continuous flow nitrous oxide.

Purpose: We compare the efficacy and safety profile of oral midazolam and continuous flow 50% nitrous oxide (N(2)O) for alleviating anxiety and pain during voiding cystourethrography (VCU) in children.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial study was conducted in the radiology unit of a tertiary care center. Children older than 3 years scheduled for VCU were given either 0.