Estimated cost of VEGFR TKI associated adverse events in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients.

Introduction: The majority of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients receive one or more VEGFR TKI agents, alone or in combination with an immune-oncology (IO) agent or an mTOR inhibitor. To date, the cost of adverse events (AEs) common to VEGFR TKIs has not been quantified. This study estimated the potential impact of differences in VEGFR TKI AE profiles on treatment cost efficiency in the relapsed/refractory (R/R) setting.

RE104: Synthesis and Activity of a Novel Serotonergic Psychedelic Prodrug of 4-Hydroxy-,-diisopropyltryptamine.

Results from randomized clinical trials of psilocybin in depressive disorders highlight the therapeutic potential of serotonergic psychedelic compounds in mental health disorders. The synthetic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist 4-hydroxy-,-diisopropyltryptamine (4-OH-DiPT) is structurally similar to psilocin but is reported to have a shorter duration (2-3 h) of psychedelic effects, suggesting the potential for psilocybin-like therapeutic activity with reduced clinical resource burden. Here, we describe the preclinical and translational characterization of RE104, a 4-OH-DiPT prodrug comprising a glutarate moiety designed to cleave rapidly in situ and thus provide reasonable bioavailability of the active drug.

Long-Term Survival in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Tivozanib: Analysis of the Phase III TIVO-3 Trial.

Background: Tivozanib is an oral vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with efficacy in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Long-term exploratory analyses from the TIVO-3 trial in relapsed/refractory (R/R) RCC including patients (26%) with prior immuno-oncology (IO) therapy are reported.

Methods: Patients with R/R advanced RCC that progressed with 2 or 3 prior systemic therapies (≥1 VEGFR TKI) were randomized to tivozanib 1.

Activity of Tivozanib in Non-clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Subgroup Analysis From a Phase II Randomized Discontinuation Trial.

Background: Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) is a blanket term for a collection of heterogeneous and biologically diverse RCC histologies, including but not limited to papillary, chromophobe, and unclassified subtypes. Tivozanib is a selective vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that demonstrated activity in RCC with clear cell component. The objective of this analysis was to determine the efficacy of tivozanib in histologically unclassified/mixed RCC.

The unmet need for rapid epileptic seizure termination (REST).

Approximately 40% of epilepsy patients will continue to experience breakthrough seizures despite stable antiepileptic drug regimens. Rescue treatments have demonstrated efficacy and safety for select seizure emergencies. Outpatient administered intranasal and rectally delivered medications are regulatory approved for acute repetitive seizures (ARS), and injectable benzodiazepines are indicated for parenteral treatment of established status epilepticus.

Cost of care for malignant and benign renal masses.

Background: Limitations of current diagnotic techniques may allow some patients with presumed renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to undergo nephrectomy without definitive confirmation of malignancy.

Objectives: To confirm previous estimates of postnephrectomy renal mass diagnosis and to assess the economic impact of nephrectomy.

Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis identified commercial enrollees who underwent nephrectomy with a diagnosis of RCC between July 1, 2000, and March 30, 2008.

A review of contemporary data on surgically resected renal masses--benign or malignant?

Objective: To clearly define the proportions of benign vs malignant histologic findings in resected renal masses through an in-depth review of the contemporary medical data to assist in preoperative risk assessment.

Materials And Methods: PubMed and select oncology congresses were searched for publications that identify the histologic classification of resected renal masses in a representative sample from the contemporary data: [search] incidence AND (renal cell carcinoma AND benign); incidence AND (renal tumor AND benign); percentage AND (renal cell carcinoma AND benign); limit 2003-2011.

Results: We identified 26 representative studies meeting the inclusion criteria and incorporating 27,272 patients.

Adherence to initial adjuvant anastrozole therapy among women with early-stage breast cancer.

Purpose: Previous research evaluating adherence to tamoxifen therapy among women with early-stage breast cancer has revealed adherence estimates ranging from 25% to 96%. No previous studies have focused on adherence to adjuvant aromatase inhibitors.

Methods: We used longitudinal claims data from three large commercial health programs to estimate adherence with anastrozole therapy among women with early-stage breast cancer.