Association between metabolic and bariatric surgery and malignancy: a systematic review, meta-analysis, trends, and conclusions.

Background: Conflicting studies have investigated the association between obesity, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), and cancer.

Objectives: Our study aimed at elucidating the trends in cancer incidence that are related to obesity and weight loss managed through MBSs, like Colo-rectal, breast, uterine, and esophageal cancer.

Setting: We conducted a search using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library electronic databases through May 2020.

Gender Comparisons of Surgical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB): a Historical Cohort Study.

Introduction And Purpose: Clinical trials in the field of bariatrics have frequently been gender imbalanced, with males representing only 20% of examinees. Long-term gender-oriented results in one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), and specifically quality of life (QOL) parameters, have not been addressed sufficiently. A better understanding of gender's effect on OAGB outcomes can play an important role in selecting the appropriate bariatric surgery for patients.

Patient mobilization in the intensive care unit: Assessing practice behavior - A multi-center point prevalence study.

Objectives: To describe intensive care unit mobility clinical practice behaviors and the factors associated with these behaviors that could explain the theory-practice gap.

Methodology: A multi-center, descriptive, retrospective, one-day point prevalence study.

Setting: intensive care patients hospitalized for a minimum of 24 hours, in 20 Israeli Adult Intensive Care Units, from six medical centers.

Laser tissue soldering of the gastrointestinal tract: A systematic review LTS of the gastrointestinal tract.

Background: Laser Tissue Soldering (LTS) is a promising tissue bonding technique in which a solder is applied between the tissues and then irradiated by laser, causing it to solidify and form links with the tissue.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic review summarizing the state of research of LTS in the gastrointestinal tract.

Results: Most studies were conducted on large animal tissues, using liquid proteinaceous solder, and irradiated by a continuous wave laser at 808 nm.

PO 21% oxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion in kidney transplantation: Any clinical benefit?

Background: In deceased donor kidney transplantation (KT), the use of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) has been acquiring the status of best practice in the pre-transplant management of kidney grafts. Two types of HMP are currently available, oxygenated HMP and non-oxygenated HMP. However, data on the real clinical impact of oxygenation on KT outcome are still heterogeneous.

[SURGICAL PALLIATION FOR PANCREATIC CANCER].

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the 11th most common malignancy worldwide, however, entailing a mortality in excess of 90% within 5 years from diagnosis, it is the 4th most fatal malignant disease. PC is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, in which curative resection is no longer possible. Even patients who present with potentially curable disease will have upward of 30% recurrence of their disease within the first year.

A Comparison of One- and Two-Stage Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Following Failed Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding Using the BAROS Score.

Introduction: Revision of a failed band can be done by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). It can be performed synchronously with band removal or during two separate procedures.

Aim: Comparing single- and two-staged LSG following a failed LAGB in terms of short- and mid-term outcomes, with an emphasis on postoperative quality of life.

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Following Failed Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding-a Comparison Between One- and two-Stage Procedures, an Israeli National Database Study.

Purpose: The optimal revisional bariatric surgery procedure following a previous failed gastric band surgery is yet to be determined. The aim of our study was to compare single- and two-stage laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) in terms of short- and mid-term outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent LSG after a failed LAGB in Israel during 2014-2017 were included.

Hypothermic machine perfusion can safely prolong cold ischemia time in deceased donor kidney transplantation. A retrospective analysis on postoperative morbidity and graft function.

In deceased donor kidney transplantation (KT), a prolonged cold ischemia time (CIT) is a negative prognostic factor for KT outcome, and the efficacy of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) in prolonging CIT without any additional hazard is highly debated. We conducted a retrospective study on a cohort of 154 single graft deceased donor KTs, in which a delayed HMP, after a preliminary period of static cold storage (SCS), was used to prolong CIT for logistic reasons. Primary outcomes were postoperative complications as well as 1 year graft survival and function.

Predictive Value of Intraoperative Doppler Flowmetry for Delayed Graft Function in Kidney Transplantation: A Pilot Study.

Background: The delayed graft function (DGF) in kidney transplantation (KT) is a risk factor for long-term poor graft survival. The pathogenesis is multifactorial but mainly related to an ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the graft hemodynamics have been recently identified as a key aspect for early DGF risk assessment and potential therapeutic intervention.

Neural Segmentation of Seeding ROIs (sROIs) for Pre-Surgical Brain Tractography.

White matter tractography mapping is an important tool for neuro-surgical planning and navigation. It relies on the accurate manual delineation of anatomical seeding ROIs (sROIs) by neuroanatomy experts. Stringent pre-operative time-constraints and limited availability of experts suggest that automation tools are strongly needed for the task.

Loss of PDPK1 abrogates resistance to gemcitabine in label-retaining pancreatic cancer cells.

Background: Label-retaining cancer cells (LRCC) have been proposed as a model of slowly cycling cancer stem cells (CSC) which mediate resistance to chemotherapy, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. The molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance in LRCC remain to-date incompletely understood. This study aims to identify molecular targets in LRCC that can be exploited to overcome resistance to gemcitabine, a standard chemotherapy agent for the treatment of pancreas cancer.

Technical Feasibility of Tissue Microarray (TMA) Analysis of Tumor-Associated Immune Response in Prostate Cancer.

: The androgen receptor (AR) regulates immune-related epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. Primary tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) [CD3, CD4, and CD8 TILs] are potential prognostic indicators in PCa, and variations may contribute to racial disparities in tumor biology and PCa outcomes. : To assess the technical feasibility of tumor microarray (TMA)-based methods to perform multi-marker TIL profiling in primary resected PCa.

A novel serum based biomarker panel has complementary ability to preclude presence of early lung cancer for low dose CT (LDCT).

Low Dosage Computerized Tomography (LDCT) has been shown to improve early detection of lung cancer and mortality rates in high-risk individuals, which was, however, limited by specifically coverage for heavy smokers and high rates of false positivity. Here, we aim to investigate a novel biomarker for early detection of lung cancer, and further extend to concentrate high-risk subjects for increasing specificity and coverage of LDCT. We performed retrospective blinded evaluation of lung cancer and healthy controls in training and validation cohorts.

Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in treatment of gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Although gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis is associated with poor prognosis and is generally treated with palliative systemic therapy, recent studies have shown that cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) may prove to be an efficacious treatment option. In addition to reviewing the natural history of gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis, this mini-review examines literature on the efficacy of CRS and HIPEC as compared to chemotherapy and surgical options. Both randomized and non-randomized studies were summarized with the emphasis focused on overall survival.

Liver Label Retaining Cancer Cells Are Relatively Resistant to the Reported Anti-Cancer Stem Cell Drug Metformin.

Background & Aims: Recently, we reported that liver Label Retaining Cancer Cells (LRCC) can initiate tumors with only 10 cells and are relatively resistant to the targeted drug Sorafenib, a standard of practice in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LRCC are the only cancer stem cells (CSC) isolated alive according to a stem cell fundamental function, asymmetric cell division. Metformin has been reported to preferentially target many other types of CSC of different organs, including liver.

Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing standard analgesia with combined intra-operative cystic plate and port-site local anesthesia for post-operative pain management in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Various mechanisms, including somatic and visceral nociceptive stimulation, have been suggested as a cause for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). We therefore conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial (PRCT) to evaluate whether somatovisceral pain blockade reduces pain after LC.

Hypothesis: Analgesic efficacy of multimodal analgesia is superior to standard analgesia for patients undergoing elective LC for symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Point Mutations in Exon 1B of APC Reveal Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Proximal Polyposis of the Stomach as a Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Variant.

Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) is an autosomal-dominant cancer-predisposition syndrome with a significant risk of gastric, but not colorectal, adenocarcinoma. We mapped the gene to 5q22 and found loss of the wild-type allele on 5q in fundic gland polyps from affected individuals. Whole-exome and -genome sequencing failed to find causal mutations but, through Sanger sequencing, we identified point mutations in APC promoter 1B that co-segregated with disease in all six families.

Role of multi-modality therapy in peritoneal carcinomatosis and visceral metastasis: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Treatment for advanced stage colorectal cancer with synchronous peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) and hepatic metastasis (HM) has progressed significantly over the past 10 years.

Case Report: We present the case of a 39-year-old female patient with stage IV colorectal cancer with bilateral HM, pulmonary oligometastatic disease, and diffuse PC who underwent hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for her intra-abdominal disease. The patient had an uneventful immediate post-operative recovery, and subsequently tolerated multiple cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary lesions.

Prognostic Effect of Ultra-Staging Node-Negative Colon Cancer Without Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Prospective National Cancer Institute-Sponsored Clinical Trial.

Background: We recently reported, in a prospective randomized trial, that ultra-staging of patients with colon cancer is associated with significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS) compared with conventional staging. That trial did not control for lymph node (LN) number or adjuvant chemotherapy use.

Study Design: The current international prospective multicenter cooperative group trial (ClinicalTrials.

Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer: a prospective 5-year follow-up study.

Background: Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) was initially introduced for the treatment of selected patients who met certain thyroid volume, nodule size and pathological criteria. Recent studies indicate that the completeness of resection of malignant nodules is comparable to that obtained with conventional thyroidectomy.

Aims: To compare the 5-year outcomes in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) treated with MIVAT versus conventional thyroidectomy.