Brief intervention to enhance cessation of smokeless tobacco use in newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancers: A randomized controlled trial in patient-relative dyads.

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major causative factor for head and neck cancers (HNC). Continued use of tobacco even after cancer diagnosis is common and is associated with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, cancer recurrence and poor treatment response. Evidence suggests that behavioral interventions, help achieve greater smoking cessation rates in HNC patients.

Impact of cancer diagnosis on use of smokeless tobacco: A descriptive study of patient-relative dyads.

Background: The time of cancer diagnosis is considered as a teaching moment with regard to tobacco cessation.

Aim: In view of the limited studies focussing on smokeless tobacco (SLT), we aimed to assess the patterns of SLT use, attitudes toward SLT use in the context of cancer diagnosis, and factors associated with quitting SLT in dyads consisting newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancers and their relatives.

Material And Method: A total of 106 such dyads were assessed on cross-sectional study design.

Brief Intervention for Tobacco when Diagnosed with Oral Cancer (BITDOC): Study protocol of a randomized clinical trial studying efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention, Chhattisgarh, India.

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major causative factor for cancer. Cessation programs along with diagnosis of cancer as a motivating factor may improve quitting rates in patients. This is a protocol of a study that aims to assess the efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention (compared to treatment as usual, TAU) on pattern and attitudes towards tobacco chewing in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients and their relatives.

The frequency of cardiac arrests in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization.

Background: Cardiac catheterization for patients with congenital heart disease has shifted from diagnostic to predominantly interventional procedures because of advances in catheter-based technologies. Children undergoing therapeutic catheterization may be at higher risk of adverse events, and the purpose of our study was to determine the incidence of cardiac arrest (CA) in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization at a large pediatric tertiary referral center.

Methods: All CAs from January 2004 through December 2009 occurring in the cardiac catheterization laboratory were reviewed.

Design and rationale of safe pediatric euglycemia after cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial of tight glycemic control after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Objectives: To describe the design of a clinical trial testing the hypothesis that children randomized to tight glycemic control with intensive insulin therapy after cardiac surgery will have improved clinical outcomes compared to children randomized to conventional blood glucose management.

Design: Two-center, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Cardiac ICUs at two large academic pediatric centers.

Anesthesia considerations for children with pulmonary hypertension.

Children with pulmonary arterial hypertension undergoing anesthesia pose a challenge. The prevalence of morbidity and mortality in this subgroup is substantially greater than that in the general population. In this article, we attempt to describe the adverse events that occur and also identify some of the factors that may precipitate them.

Cardiac complications associated with the treatment of patients with congenital cardiac disease: consensus definitions from the Multi-Societal Database Committee for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease.

A complication is an event or occurrence that is associated with a disease or a healthcare intervention, is a departure from the desired course of events, and may cause, or be associated with, suboptimal outcome. A complication does not necessarily represent a breech in the standard of care that constitutes medical negligence or medical malpractice. An operative or procedural complication is any complication, regardless of cause, occurring (1) within 30 days after surgery or intervention in or out of the hospital, or (2) after 30 days during the same hospitalization subsequent to the operation or intervention.

The frequency of anesthesia-related cardiac arrests in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

Background: The frequency of anesthesia-related cardiac arrests during pediatric anesthesia has been reported between 1.4 and 4.6 per 10,000 anesthetics.

Unrecognized anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery as a cause of ventricular fibrillation after patent ductus arteriosus ligation in an infant.

We present a case of an infant who developed ventricular fibrillation after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation. The infant had unrecognized anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery before PDA ligation. Acute reduction in systemic pulmonary artery pressures after PDA ligation resulted in an abrupt reduction in left main coronary artery blood flow.

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring in pediatric patients during and after cardiac surgery.

Objectives: Given the demonstrated benefit of euglycemia in critically ill patients as well as the risk for hypoglycemia during insulin infusion in children, we sought to validate a subcutaneous sensor for real-time continuous glucose monitoring in pediatric patients during and after cardiac surgery.

Methods: Children up to 36 months of age who were undergoing cardiac bypass surgery were recruited. After anesthetic induction, a continuous glucose-monitoring system sensor (CGMS, Medtronic Minimed, Northridge, CA) was inserted subcutaneously.

Hemodynamic responses to etomidate on induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients.

Etomidate is often used for inducing anesthesia in patients who have limited hemodynamic reserve. Using invasive hemodynamic monitoring, we studied the acute effects of a bolus of etomidate during induction of anesthesia in children. Twelve children undergoing cardiac catheterization were studied (mean age, 9.