The Content Validity of an Instrument That Measures Health-Seeking Behavior for Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV in India.

Determinants of health-seeking behavior among people living with HIV (PLHIV) are important. This study aims to develop and assess the content validity of an instrument that measures health-seeking behavior for tuberculosis among PLHIV in India. An instrument was developed using deductive methods and the Modified Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services (BMHS).

Improving the emergency services using quality improvement project and Donabedian model in a quaternary teaching hospital in South India.

Introduction: The primary goal of quality improvement is to enhance patient outcomes, particularly in the emergency department (ED). Timely and effective care is crucial in these situations. By comprehending the challenges, evaluating current performance and implementing quality improvement projects, areas in need of enhancement can be pinpointed and addressed, resulting in better outcomes.

Clinical Correlates of Cerebellar Injury in Preterm Infants with Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Objective: Determine the risk factors of cerebellar injury in infants with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Methods: Retrospective study compared clinical/pathological information between surgical NEC infants with and those without cerebellar injury.

Results: Infants with cerebellar injury (21/65, 32.

Assessing Barriers to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in At-Risk Rural Communities of Western North Carolina, United States.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adolescents in rural, western North Carolina (NC) remains suboptimal. Data are needed to understand the barriers to HPV vaccination in these communities. We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study of parental attitudes and provider practices regarding HPV vaccination in rural western NC counties with lower HPV vaccination rates.

Precision nephrotoxicity testing using 3D in vitro models.

Nephrotoxicity is a significant concern during the development of new drugs or when assessing the safety of chemicals in consumer products. Traditional methods for testing nephrotoxicity involve animal models or 2D in vitro cell cultures, the latter of which lack the complexity and functionality of the human kidney. 3D in vitro models are created by culturing human primary kidney cells derived from urine in a 3D microenvironment that mimics the fluid shear stresses of the kidney.

Preventing Risks of Infections and Medication Errors in IV therapy (PRIME): a patient safety initiative.

Background: Two major avoidable reasons for adverse events in hospital are medication errors and intravenous therapy-induced infections or complications. Training for clinical staff and compliance to patient safety principles could address these.

Methods: Joint Commission International (JCI) consultants created a standardised, 6-month training programme for clinical staff in hospitals.

Effect of Educational Intervention on Knowledge and Level of Adherence among Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of an educational intervention on the level of knowledge and adherence to the treatment regimen among hemodialysis (HD) patients as well as to describe the association between these variables.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 160 HD patients at an HD centre of a 2030-bed tertiary teaching hospital in Southern India were randomly assigned into intervention ( = 80, received education and a booklet) and control ( = 80, received standard care) groups. Knowledge and adherence were measured preintervention and postintervention using a validated questionnaire for knowledge and the ESRD-AQ (End-Stage Renal Disease Questionnaire) for the level of adherence.

Global monkeypox case hospitalisation rates: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Estimates of the case hospitalization rate and case fatality rate when hospital care is available for monkeypox (MPX) infections have not been well defined. This rapid systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the case hospitalisation rate and case fatality rate where hospital care is available.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, the Lancet Preprints, and MedRxiv for studies published between Jan 1, 1950 and Aug 2, 2022.

COVID-19 Palliative and End-of-Life Care Plan: Development and Audit of Outcomes.

Objectives: Palliative care (PC) referral in serious and critical COVID-19 improves decision-making, health resource utilisation, end-of-life symptom management and family support. In this study, we explored developing a systematic decision-making matrix for PC referral in COVID-19 and audited its outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A team of interdisciplinary experts developed a hospital COVID-19 PC plan.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Risk Perception, Preparedness and Vaccine Intent of Health Care Providers towards the Nipah Virus in South India.

Nipah virus (NiV) disease (NVD) remains a re-emerging public health threat in India. We assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and risk perception of NVD and future vaccine intent among a convenience sample of health care providers (HCP). The primary outcome measures were the knowledge, attitudes, and risk perception scores.

Knowledge, Attitudes and HPV Vaccine Intention Among Women in India.

In India, cervical cancer associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women. However, uptake of the vaccine in India is low. We assessed knowledge and attitudes towards HPV, assess participants' willingness to accept the vaccination for themselves and their children, and determine factors associated with intention to receive the HPV vaccine among women in Mangalore, India.

An exploratory study of undergraduate healthcare student perspectives regarding human papillomavirus and vaccine intent in India.

Objective: Safe and effective human papillomavirus vaccines are available against cervical cancer and other human papillomavirus-associated diseases. Vaccine uptake is low in India given lack of universal vaccination programme. This exploratory study describes the medical, dental and nursing undergraduate student perspectives about human papillomavirus and intentions to receive the vaccine.

Antibiotic resistance and random amplified polymorphic DNA typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical and water samples.

The study aimed to screen for the presence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from diarrheal stool and environmental water samples and to check the epidemiological link between the two categories. Isolates obtained after culturing on different media were tested for antibiotic resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was done for important β-lactamase encoding genes.

Challenges to Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Acceptability among Women in South India: An Exploratory Study.

Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women in India. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in India is low due to cost, low awareness of HPV, social stigma, and other factors. We assessed the awareness, attitudes, and beliefs regarding HPV and HPV vaccination and explored the barriers and challenges to HPV vaccine intent among women in Mangalore, India.

Cannabis induced thermal epiglottitis in a pediatric patient.

Acute epiglottitis is an airway emergency presenting with edema and inflammation of the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds [1]. Infectious and other non-infectious etiologies may cause significant airway injury presenting with similar clinical symptoms and radiographic findings [1]. While many causes of thermal epiglottitis have been described in the pediatric and young adult population, we describe an unusual case of an adolescent patient with cannabis induced thermal epiglottitis.

A comparison of nutritional status between children with and without disabilities: A community-based study.

Background: Children with disabilities are expected to have poor nutritional status in comparison to children without disabilities. However, limited data on nutritional status of children with and without disabilities in rural settings in India.

Objective: To assess and compare the nutritional status of children with and without disability.

Critical COVID-19 Complicating Recovery From Surgical Repair of Congenital Heart Disease.

This case highlights the need for accurate and rapid testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and also underscores the need for caregivers to remain vigilant for coronavirus disease 2019 in the postoperative setting despite negative preoperative testing.

Epidemiological Determinants of Mental Well-Being and Quality of Life among Homemakers with Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background: Stress is a major contributor to the physiology of hypertension (HTN) and is linked closely to mental well-being and overall quality of life (QoL). Health issues pertaining to women's health have usually focused on reproduction, while mental well-being has largely been neglected.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the perceived stress and QoL among homemakers with HTN.

Unremitting Pain and Fever in a 15-Year-Old Boy With Osteomyelitis.

A previously healthy 15-year-old boy from a rural county in the southeastern United States was evaluated in the emergency department with fever and worsening toe pain in the absence of trauma. He initially presented to his primary care physician 4 weeks before with upper respiratory symptoms and was treated with corticosteroids for presumed reactive airway disease. His respiratory symptoms resolved.

Healthcare Delivery through Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study from a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated medical centers across the world to deliver healthcare through telemedicine. We discuss the adoption, delivery of telemedicine services at a tertiary care center and patient satisfaction involving 456 patients in south India. Most respondents had sought telemedicine care at the department of Medicine (16.

Determinants of HIV status disclosure to children living with HIV in coastal Karnataka, India.

The caregivers of HIV-positive children either delay or avoid disclosure of HIV status to the child due to several reasons. Keeping the child's HIV status a secret puts them at considerable risk of stopping therapy and transmitting HIV to others. Hence this study was conducted to assess the determinants of disclosure of HIV status to infected children in coastal Karnataka.

Knowledge and Attitudes about Zika Virus Infection and Vaccine Intent among Medical Students in Costa Rica.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a public health problem in the Americas. We assessed ZIKV knowledge, attitudes, and future ZIKV vaccine intent among medical students. In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of medical students in San José, Costa Rica, were surveyed to assess knowledge, attitudes, vaccine intent, and sources of information about ZIKV.