Appendiceal intussusception due to endometriosis presenting as acute right lower quadrant pain.

Appendiceal intussusception is a rare condition characterized by the telescoping or invagination of a portion or the entire appendix into the caecum or within the appendix itself. Diagnosing appendiceal intussusception can be challenging due to its rarity, non-specific symptoms, and lack of awareness among physicians. We present a case report of appendiceal intussusception caused by endometriosis presenting with recurrent abdominal pain in a young female that was initially missed on CT scan and laparoscopy and eventually diagnosed on CT enterography.

Long-Term Outcomes and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms.

Importance: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are pancreatic cysts that can give rise to pancreatic cancer (PC). Limited population data exist on their prevalence, natural history, or risk of malignant transformation (IPMN-PC).

Objective: To fill knowledge gaps in epidemiology of IPMNs and associated PC risk by estimating population prevalence of IPMNs, associated PC risk, and proportion of IPMN-PC.

Dual-Energy, Spectral and Photon Counting Computed Tomography for Evaluation of the Gastrointestinal Tract.

The use of dual-energy computed tomography (CT) allows for reconstruction of energy- and material-specific image series. The combination of low-energy monochromatic images, iodine maps, and virtual unenhanced images can improve lesion detection and disease characterization in the gastrointestinal tract in comparison with single-energy CT.

Seeing More with Less: Clinical Benefits of Photon-counting Detector CT.

Photon-counting detector (PCD) CT is an emerging technology that has led to continued innovation and progress in diagnostic imaging after it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in September 2021.

Imaging Review of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders.

The motor function of the gastrointestinal tract relies on the enteric nervous system, which includes neurons spanning from the esophagus to the internal anal sphincter. Disorders of gastrointestinal motility arise as a result of disease within the affected portion of the enteric nervous system and may be caused by a wide array of underlying diseases. The etiology of motility disorders may be primary or due to secondary causes related to infection or inflammation, congenital abnormalities, metabolic disturbances, systemic illness, or medication-related side effects.

Imaging Findings of Ileal Inflammation at Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Enterography: What do They Mean When Ileoscopy and Biopsy are Negative?

Background And Aims: Our goal was to determine the importance of ileal inflammation at computed tomography or magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn's disease patients with normal ileoscopy.

Methods: Patients with negative ileoscopy and biopsy within 30 days of CT or MR enterography showing ileal inflammation were included. The severity [0-3 scale] and length of inflammation within the distal 20 cm of the terminal ileum were assessed on enterography.

Prior iterative reconstruction (PIR) to lower radiation dose and preserve radiologist performance for multiphase liver CT: a multi-reader pilot study.

Purpose: Prior iterative reconstruction (PIR) spatially registers CT image data from multiple phases of enhancement to reduce image noise. We evaluated PIR in contrast-enhanced multiphase liver CT.

Methods: Patients with archived projection CT data with proven malignant or benign liver lesions, or without lesions, by reference criteria were included.

The role of salvage lymph node dissection in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A single center experience.

Objective: To evaluate oncologic outcomes of patients with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with salvage lymph node dissection (sLND) or androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for lymph nodes (LN)-only recurrence.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 23 (51.1%) patients who underwent sLND and 22 (48.

Is there any benefit in adding postoperative adjuvant concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for penile cancer with regional lymph node metastasis?

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is any benefit in adding postoperative adjuvant concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy (RT-CHT) for penile cancer with regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM).

Methods: A single institution, retrospective study was conducted for a total of 23 patients with RLNM from penile squamous cell carcinoma. All underwent a definitive surgical intervention for both primary tumor and RLNM.

Not All Cellular Rejections Are the Same: Differences in Early and Late Hepatic Allograft Rejection.

T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) is common after liver transplantation (LT), and it is often thought to have a minimum impact on outcomes. Because alloimmune response changes over time, we investigated the role of the timing of TCMR on patient and allograft survival and examined the risk factors for early and late TCMR. We reviewed protocol liver biopsies for 787 consecutive LT recipients with an 8.

Findings of CT-Derived Bone Strength Assessment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Undergoing CT Enterography in Clinical Practice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at risk of developing complications from metabolic bone disease, but the exact prevalence is unknown. We evaluated fracture risk in IBD patients using (1) biomechanical CT analysis (BCT) using bone strength and bone mineral density (BMD), (2) Cornerstone guidelines, and (3) other clinical features predicting fracture risk.

Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive IBD patients who underwent CT enterography (CTE) with BCT from March 2014 to March 2017 was performed.

Accumulation of Gadolinium in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid after Gadobutrol-enhanced MR Imaging: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Purpose To determine whether gadolinium accumulates within cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients recently exposed to the macrocyclic agent gadobutrol and identify factors that may affect this accumulation. Materials and Methods In this prospective observational cohort study, gadolinium was quantified by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of CSF samples from patients who underwent gadobutrol-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging followed by lumbar puncture within 30 days (gadobutrol group) or patients who underwent lumbar puncture without history of gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging (control group). CSF total protein level of 35 mg/dL or lower was used as a surrogate marker of an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Penile Traction Therapy and Vacuum Erection Devices in Peyronie's Disease.

Introduction: Peyronie's disease (PD) has historically been managed by at least 1 treatment, including oral supplements or medications, intralesional injections, or surgery. Adjunctive mechanical therapies also have been described, including penile traction therapy (PTT) and vacuum erection devices (VEDs), although relatively limited data are available on their use with PD.

Aim: To review and summarize the published literature on the role and efficacy of PTT and VED in men with PD.

Proton Pump Inhibitors: Review of Emerging Concerns.

First introduced in 1989, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely utilized medications worldwide, both in the ambulatory and inpatient clinical settings. The PPIs are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the management of a variety of gastrointestinal disorders including symptomatic peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and nonulcer dyspepsia as well as for prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. PPIs inhibit gastric acid secretion, and the most commonly associated adverse effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and headache.

Vaginal cuff recurrence after radical cystectomy: an under - studied site of bladder cancer relapse.

Introduction: Vaginal cuff recurrence of tumor following radical cystectomy is a rare site of disease recurrence, however it has never been specifically studied. The aim of the study is to evaluate incidence, risk factors, and long-term oncologic outcomes of vaginal cuff recurrence in a cohort of female patients treated with radical cystectomy for invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Materials And Methods: From 1985 to 2012, a prospectively maintained institutional bladder cancer registry was queried for vaginal cuff recurrence post radical cystectomy.

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is an Independent Predictor of Salvage Radiotherapy Outcomes After Radical Prostatectomy.

Background: The Stephenson nomogram is widely used to estimate the success of salvage radiotherapy (sXRT) for prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Objective: To determine whether multiparametric pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) performed for biochemical recurrence after RP improves prognostication of sXRT relative to the Stephenson nomogram.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Men undergoing RP at our institution from 2003 to 2012 who had biochemical recurrence evaluated by mpMRI within 12 mo of sXRT were retrospectively reviewed.

A Survey of Perceptions and Acceptance of Wearable Technology for Health Monitoring in a Urological Patient Population.

Introduction: Through real-time monitoring of biophysical parameters, physical activity monitors may represent a medium by which urologists can actively engage patients and improve treatment outcomes. We examined patient reported acceptance of physical activity monitor technology in an ambulatory urology setting.

Methods: Patients treated at a single urology department during a 6-month period were identified.

Identification of Recurrence Sites Following Post-Prostatectomy Treatment for Prostate Cancer Using C-Choline Positron Emission Tomography and Multiparametric Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Purpose: We describe anatomical sites of recurrence in patients with prostate cancer who had biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy and who received radiotherapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy postoperatively. We performed C-choline positron emission tomography/computerized tomography and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Materials And Methods: After radiotherapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were evaluated by C-choline positron emission tomography/computerized tomography and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging to determine recurrence patterns and clinicopathological features.

Mid-term Outcomes Following Salvage Lymph Node Dissection for Prostate Cancer Nodal Recurrence Status Post-radical Prostatectomy.

Background: Patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer lymph node recurrence can be treated with many options including salvage lymph node dissection (sLND).

Objective: Evaluation of outcomes of sLND and identification of clinicopathologic features in predicting further biochemical and radiological relapse after sLND for prostate cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Between November 1, 2009 and March 31, 2015, 117 patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) underwent sLND by a single surgeon after a standardized 11C-choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Metastatic prostate cancer in the modern era of PSA screening.

Introduction: To characterize initial presentation and PSA screening status in a contemporary cohort of men treated for metastatic prostate cancer at our institution.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed records of 160 men treated for metastatic prostate cancer between 2008-2014 and assessed initial presentation, categorizing patients into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 presented with localized disease and received treatment.

Detection of recurrent prostate cancer after primary radiation therapy: An evaluation of the role of multiparametric 3T magnetic resonance imaging with endorectal coil.

Objectives: The value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in staging prostate cancer (PCa) before salvage prostatectomy is currently unclear because of the minimal data comparing mpMRI results to final pathologic stage at surgery. The aim of the study is to determine the diagnostic performance of mpMRI in characterizing viable recurrent tumor and lymph node metastasis following radiation therapy (RT) failure.

Methods And Materials: Between January 2007 and July 2014, 19 patients with biopsy-proven recurrent PCa after primary RT underwent 3T mpMRI and subsequent salvage prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy.

Long-term response to renal ischaemia in the human kidney after partial nephrectomy: results from a prospective clinical trial.

Objective: To assess the 1-year renal functional changes in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy with intra-operative renal biopsies.

Patients And Methods: A total of 40 patients with a single renal mass deemed fit for a partial nephrectomy were recruited prospectively between January 2009 and October 2010. We performed renal biopsies of normal renal parenchyma and collected serum markers before, during and after surgically induced renal clamp ischaemia during the partial nephrectomy.