Triazophos-induced spermotoxicity in rats: Protective effects of nano-quercetin.

This study aimed to evaluate the spermotoxic potential of triazophos in rats and to check the possible shielding effect of quercetin and nano-quercetin against triazophos-induced toxicity. Rats in Group I were given olive oil as a vehicle. Group II and Group III received high-dose and low-dose triazophos, respectively.

Nano-quercetin mitigates triazophos-induced testicular toxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis.

The present study was designed to evaluate the testicular toxicity of triazophos in rats and to check the ameliorative effect of nano-quercetin against triazophos-induced toxicity. Nano-quercetin was synthesized from quercetin and characterized. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups.

Differential Expression of Prostaglandin Receptors in Canine Uterus With Pyometra.

The objective of the study was to ascertain the role of prostaglandins Viz., PGE and PGF, and their respective receptors in the pathophysiology of canine pyometra. Normal (n = 6) and pyometra (n = 8) affected uterus were collected from bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

Studies on oral subacute toxicity of cartap in male mice.

S-[3-carbamoylsulfanyl-2-(dimethylamino)propyl] carbamothioate (Cartap) (CAS number: 15263-52-2) is a synthetic insecticide of thiocarbamates group that is extensively used in field of agriculture for controlling of several pests like rice stem borer, leaf folder pests in paddy field and diamond back moth, aphids in cabbage and cauliflower crops. Cartap, as a pesticide has not been investigated yet for its effect on vital organs and biochemical stress and the present study was undertaken to evaluate the same in Swiss albino mice. For this purpose male mice were given three different dose levels of cartap, i.

Nanocurcumin ameliorates Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in mouse by suppressing NF‑κB signaling and inflammation.

Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary glands caused by bacteria. It causes severe economic loss to dairy industry. Curcumin, a polyphenol obtained from turmeric, has considerable anti-inflammatory effect.

Casein kinase 2 inhibition impairs spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractions in late pregnant mouse uterus.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Does the inhibition of the protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) alter the uterine contractility? What is the main finding and its importance? Inhibition of CK2 impaired the spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractility in late pregnant mouse uterus. This finding suggests that CK2 is a novel pathway mediating oxytocin-induced contractility in the uterus and thus opens up the possibility for this class of drugs to be developed as a new class of tocolytics.

Abstract: The protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a ubiquitously expressed serine or threonine kinase known to phosphorylate a number of substrates.

Hypercholesterolemia impairs oxytocin-induced uterine contractility in late pregnant mouse.

High cholesterol is known to negatively affect uterine contractility in conditions. The aim of the present study was to reveal the effect of hypercholesterolemia on spontaneous and oxytocin-induced uterine contractility in late pregnant mouse uterus. Female Swiss albino mice were fed with high cholesterol (HC) diet (0.

Betulinic acid attenuates renal fibrosis in rat chronic kidney disease model.

Background: Most chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), regardless of the nature of the initial injury, progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) characterized by fibrosis with irreversible loss of tissue and function. Thus, improved and more effective therapies are critical. Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene is a compound in the pipeline of anti-cancer drug development.

Oxidative impairment and histopathological alterations in kidney and brain of mice following subacute lambda-cyhalothrin exposure.

Lambda cyhalothrin (LCT), a broad-spectrum type II (α-cyano) synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, is widely employed in various agricultural and animal husbandry practices for the control of pests. Acute and chronic exposure to LCT can elicit several adverse effects including oxidative stress. With the objective to investigate nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity of LCT in mice, we evaluated oxidative stress parameters and histological changes in the kidney and brain of LCT exposed mice.

Protective action of curcumin and nano-curcumin against arsenic-induced genotoxicity in rats in vivo.

We explored whether nanoformulation of curcumin can cause better protective effect than free curcumin against arsenic-induced genotoxicity. Curcumin-loaded Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CUR-NP) were prepared by emulsion technique. The CUR-NP were water soluble and showed biphasic release pattern.

Oral nanoparticulate curcumin combating arsenic-induced oxidative damage in kidney and brain of rats.

Arsenic exposure through drinking water causes oxidative stress and tissue damage in the kidney and brain. Curcumin (CUR) is a good antioxidant with limited clinical application because of its hydrophobic nature and limited bioavailability, which can be overcome by the encapsulation of CUR with nanoparticles (NPs). The present study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of free CUR and NP-encapsulated CUR (CUR-NP) against sodium arsenite-induced renal and neuronal oxidative damage in rat.

Immunomodulatory effects of nanocurcumin in arsenic-exposed rats.

We evaluated whether the nanoformulation of curcumin could be more effective than free curcumin against arsenic-induced immune dysfunction in rats. Curcumin was encapsulated in polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA). Nanocurcumin (CUR-NP) exhibited a spherical shape with the mean particle size of 130.

Protective effect of curcumin against arsenic-induced apoptosis in murine splenocytes in vitro.

Arsenic is a potent environmental pollutant and immunotoxic agent. Curcumin is a natural anti-oxidant used to treat a broad variety of diseases. Here, the effects were investigated of curcumin on sodium arsenite-induced apoptosis in murine splenocytes in vitro.

Acetaminophen increases the risk of arsenic-mediated development of hepatic damage in rats by enhancing redox-signaling mechanism.

We evaluated whether the commonly used analgesic-antipyretic drug acetaminophen can modify the arsenic-induced hepatic oxidative stress and also whether withdrawal of acetaminophen administration during the course of long-term arsenic exposure can increase susceptibility of liver to arsenic toxicity. Acetaminophen was co-administered orally to rats for 3 days following 28 days of arsenic pre-exposure (Phase-I) and thereafter, acetaminophen was withdrawn, but arsenic exposure was continued for another 28 days (Phase-II). Arsenic increased lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, depleted glutathione (GSH), and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities.

Protective effect of curcumin on cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats.

The aim of present study was to investigate the protective effect of curcumin on cypermethrin-induced changes in blood biochemical markers and tissue antioxidant enzyme in rats. Rats were divided into six groups of six each: group I used as control and II and III groups were used as vehicle control. While, groups IV, V and VI were orally treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg body weight), cypermethrin (25 mg/kg body weight) and cypermethrin plus curcumin, respectively for 28 days.