Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Various Occupational Workers in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the most common occupational diseases, affecting various sectors such as agriculture, small-scale industries, handicrafts, construction, and banking. These disorders, caused by overexertion and repetitive motion, lead to work absenteeism, productivity loss, and economic impacts. The aim of the study is to determine the magnitude of musculoskeletal disorders among different occupational workers in India.

Exogenous variable driven deep learning models for improved price forecasting of TOP crops in India.

Accurately predicting agricultural commodity prices is crucial for India's economy. Traditional parametric models struggle with stringent assumptions, while machine learning (ML) approaches, though data-driven, lack automatic feature extraction. Deep learning (DL) models, with advanced feature extraction and predictive abilities, offer a promising solution.

A review on vulnerable atmospheric aerosol nanoparticles: Sources, impact on the health, ecosystem and management strategies.

The Earth's atmosphere contains ultrafine particles known as aerosols, which can be either liquid or solid particles suspended in gas. These aerosols originate from both natural sources and human activities, termed primary and secondary sources respectively. They have significant impacts on the environment, particularly when they transform into ultrafine particles or aerosol nanoparticles, due to their extremely fine atomic structure.

Unveiling the distribution of free and bound phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins in pigmented and non-pigmented rice genotypes.

The total phenolic content, phenolic acid profile, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of the whole-grain and bran portion of sixteen distinct rice genotypes that correspond to three distinct pericarp bran colors-black, red, and non-pigmented (NP)-were examined. Ten free and bound phenolic acids, as well as two flavonoids, were analyzed using HPLC-PDA. The flavonoids included kaempferol and catechin hydrate, and the free phenolic acids included gallic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, trans-ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and sinapic acid.

Light mixed-supervised segmentation for 3D medical image data.

Background: Accurate 3D semantic segmentation models are essential for many clinical applications. To train a model for 3D segmentation, voxel-level annotation is necessary, which is expensive to obtain due to laborious work and privacy protection. To accurately annotate 3D medical data, such as MRI, a common practice is to annotate the volumetric data in a slice-by-slice contouring way along principal axes.

Plant Stomata: An Unrealized Possibility in Plant Defense against Invading Pathogens and Stress Tolerance.

Stomata are crucial structures in plants that play a primary role in the infection process during a pathogen's attack, as they act as points of access for invading pathogens to enter host tissues. Recent evidence has revealed that stomata are integral to the plant defense system and can actively impede invading pathogens by triggering plant defense responses. Stomata interact with diverse pathogen virulence factors, granting them the capacity to influence plant susceptibility and resistance.

Multi-modal trained artificial intelligence solution to triage chest X-ray for COVID-19 using pristine ground-truth, versus radiologists.

The front-line imaging modalities computed tomography (CT) and X-ray play important roles for triaging COVID patients. Thoracic CT has been accepted to have higher sensitivity than a chest X-ray for COVID diagnosis. Considering the limited access to resources (both hardware and trained personnel) and issues related to decontamination, CT may not be ideal for triaging suspected subjects.

Assessment of genotoxicity and cholinesterase activity among women workers occupationally exposed to pesticides in tea garden.

To assess the effects of exposure to pesticides in tea garden women workers, the present study evaluated the activities of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) as biomarkers of pesticide exposure and DNA damage by comet assay as a biomarker of genotoxicity in peripheral blood lymphocytes. We examined 143 women subjects including 77 women workers exposed to pesticide in tea garden (exposed) and 66 women subject with no history of occupational exposure to pesticides (non-exposed). The two groups had similar mean ages, BMI and personal habits.

Resolution and noise trade-off analysis for volumetric CT.

Until recently, most studies addressing the trade-off between spatial resolution and quantum noise were performed in the context of single-slice CT. In this study, we extend the theoretical framework of previous works to volumetric CT and further extend it by taking into account the actual shapes of the preferred reconstruction kernels. In the experimental study, we also attempt to explore a three-dimensional approach for spatial resolution measurement, as opposed to the conventional two-dimensional approaches that were widely adopted in previously published studies.

Optimization of slice sensitivity profile for radiographic tomosynthesis.

Similar to other tomographic imaging modalities, the slice sensitivity profile (SSP) is an important image quality metric for radiographic tomosynthesis. In this study, the relationship between the acquisition angular range (Theta) and the SSP for the linear trajectory system was carefully investigated from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. A mathematical SSP model was derived for arbitrary points in the reconstructed volume.

Detection and characterization of lesions on low-radiation-dose abdominal CT images postprocessed with noise reduction filters.

Purpose: To assess the effect of noise reduction filters on detection and characterization of lesions on low-radiation-dose abdominal computed tomographic (CT) images.

Materials And Methods: Low-dose CT images of abdominal lesions in 19 consecutive patients (11 women, eight men; age range, 32-78 years) were obtained at reduced tube currents (120-144 mAs). These baseline low-dose CT images were postprocessed with six noise reduction filters; the resulting postprocessed images were then randomly assorted with baseline images.

Low-dose CT of the abdomen: evaluation of image improvement with use of noise reduction filters pilot study.

A prospective assessment of improvement in image quality at low-radiation-dose computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen by using noise reduction filters was performed. CT images acquired at standard and 50% reduced tube current were processed with six noise reduction filters and evaluated by three radiologists for image noise, sharpness, contrast, and overall image quality in terms of abdominal organ depiction. Quantitative image noise and contrast-to-noise ratio were measured.

Can noise reduction filters improve low-radiation-dose chest CT images? Pilot study.

Effect of noise reduction filters on chest computed tomographic (CT) images acquired with 50% radiation dose reduction was evaluated. Two sets of images were acquired with multi-detector row CT at standard (220-280 mA) and 50% reduced (110-140 mA) tube current at the level of the carina. After postprocessing with six noise reduction filters, images were compared with baseline standard-dose images for noise, sharpness, and contrast in lungs, mediastinum, and chest wall.

Dynamic response of cochlear blood flow to occlusion of anterior inferior cerebellar artery in guinea pigs.

In this study we investigated the autoregulation and hemodynamics of cochlear blood flow (CBF) as measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry. When the anterior inferior cerebellar artery was clamped, CBF decreased approximately 40% (not to "biological zero"), followed by a gradual increase. When the clamp was released, CBF quickly increased to as much as 167% of the baseline level and then slowly returned to baseline.

3-D analysis of F-actin in stereocilia of cochlear hair cells after loud noise exposure.

Fluorescence microscopy can be a useful tool in the early detection of pathological changes in the stereocilia of outer hair cells which have undergone acoustic overstimulation. Fluorescent phalloidin, a highly specific F-actin stain, can be used to label F-actin in stereocilia. In this study, phalloidin label is used to determine quantitative changes of F-actin in the stereocilia of guinea pigs exposed to loud noise (117 dB; octave band noise, centered at 1 kHz; 4 h).

Three-dimensional analysis of contrast-filled microvessel diameters.

Organ blood flow is controlled, in part, by changes in diameter of resistance vessels. In thick tissue, vessels can be imaged with a microscope using contrast-enhancing methods (e.g.

The influence of loud sound on red blood cell velocity and blood vessel diameter in the cochlea.

Using intravital microscopy, we observed both decreases in red blood cell velocity and possible vasoconstriction in stria vascularis capillaries of the rat cochlea in response to loud sound (Quirk et al., 1991). However, our observation of vasoconstriction was subject to error in measurements from the two dimensional images obtained with our silicon intensified (SIT) camera due to the influence of focus causing image blur.

Laser Doppler velocimetry of basilar membrane vibration.

A method is described for the measurement of basilar membrane (BM) vibration velocimeter (LDV). The instrumentation was coupled to a compound microscope which served to visualize reflective glass microbeads placed on the BM. The laser beam of the LDV was focused in the microscope object plane and positioned over the reflective bead.

Asynchronous neural activity recorded from the round window.

Voltage recorded from an electrode on the round window (RW) of guinea pig has characteristics that reflect the activity of auditory-nerve fibers in the absence of acoustic stimulation. Fast Fourier transformation (FFT) of the noise recorded from the RW electrode shows a broad spectral peak from 0.8-1.

A computer model to study norepinephrine-induced oscillations of contraction in tail arteries of spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats.

The purpose of this study is to develop a computer model of oscillatory contractions in isolated arteries from the tails of spontaneously hypertensive, stroke-prone rats (SHRSP). The computer simulation incorporates biologic data from experiments and mathematic expressions derived from an electric circuit model of the biologic system. The model characterizes the cellular mechanisms which have been proposed to be responsible for the oscillatory activity.