Stress granules formation in HEI-OC1 auditory cells and in H4 human neuroglioma cells secondary to cisplatin exposure.

Stress granules (SGs) are highly dynamic micromolecular membraneless condensates that generate in cells subjected to stress. Formed from pools of untranslating messenger ribonucleoproteins (RNP), SGs dynamics constitute vital processes essential for cell survival. Here, we investigate whether established cytotoxic agents, such as the platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin and the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin, elicit SG formation in the House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti-1 (HEI-OC1) auditory cell line, H4 human neuroglioma cells and HEK-293T human embryonic kidney cells.

Towards a biological diagnosis of PD.

Since the original description by James Parkinson, Parkinson's disease (PD) has intrigued us for over 200 years. PD is a progressive condition that is incurable so far, and affects millions of people worldwide. Over the years, our knowledge has expanded tremendously, and a range of criteria have been put forward and used to try to define PD.

Aggregation and beyond: alpha-synuclein-based biomarkers in synucleinopathies.

Parkinson's disease is clinically known for the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and accumulation of intraneuronal cytoplasmic inclusions rich in alpha-synuclein called 'Lewy bodies' and 'Lewy neurites'. Together with dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy, Parkinson's disease is part of a group of disorders called synucleinopathies. Currently, diagnosis of synucleinopathies is based on the clinical assessment which often takes place in advanced disease stages.

Extracellular Vesicles for the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) biomarkers are needed by both clinicians and researchers (for diagnosis, identifying study populations, and monitoring therapeutic response). Imaging, genetic, and biochemical biomarkers have been widely studied. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become a promising material for biomarker development.