An Ionic Sensor acts in Parallel to dSarm to Promote Neurodegeneration.

How neurons to sense when they are terminally dysfunctional and activate neurodegeneration remains poorly defined. The pro-degenerative NAD hydrolase dSarm/SARM1 can act as a metabolic sensor by detecting pathological changes in NAD /NMN and subsequently induce catastrophic axon degeneration. Here we show with-no-lysine kinase (dWnk), which can directly sense Cl , K and osmotic pressure, is required for neurodegeneration induced by depletion of the NAD biosynthetic enzyme dNmnat.

The role of gastropods in African swine fever virus ecology.

The spread of the African swine fever virus (ASF virus) genotype ii in the Eurasian region has been very successful and often inexplicable. The virus spreads rapidly and persists in areas with wild boar populations, but areas without feral pig populations are also affected. The virus has shown the ability to survive for a long time in the environment without a population of susceptible hosts, both pigs and Ornithodoros soft ticks.

Activity and levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in saliva of children and young adults with dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cytokines play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of dental caries. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the following three objectives: 1)To deepen and discuss through a comprehensive analysis of the literature the effects of dental caries on the activity and levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in saliva of children and young adults, 2)To compare the levels of this cytokines in saliva of the exposure group (moderate-severe dental caries) with the control group (caries-free or mild dental caries), and 3)To determine whether the levels of these cytokines could be used as a complementary clinical diagnostic tool to assess the severity of dental caries.

Methods: The protocol followed PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.

Exogenous Iron Induces Mitochondrial Lipid Peroxidation, Lipofuscin Accumulation, and Ferroptosis in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes.

Lipid peroxidation plays an important role in various pathologies and aging, at least partially mediated by ferroptosis. The role of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis remains poorly understood. We show that supplementation of exogenous iron in the form of ferric ammonium citrate at submillimolar doses induces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation in mitochondria that precede ferroptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

Text mining analysis of scientific literature on digital intraoral scanners in dentistry: Bibliometric analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to provide valuable insights into the current research status and gaps in digital intraoral scanner literature in dentistry.

Methodology: Scopus Search Query TITLE-ABS-KEY (intraoral AND scanners AND (dentistry OR digital AND dentistry)). The search query used in Scopus for the bibliometric analysis was "TITLE-ABS-KEY (intraoral AND scanners AND (dentistry OR digital AND dentistry)).

The impact of virtual reality simulation on dental education: A systematic review of learning outcomes and student engagement.

Purpose: Virtual reality (VR) simulations have been increasingly employed to train dental students prior to clinical practice. According to the literature, blended learning designs in the form of VR simulations can be utilized by both dental students and instructors to provide quality education. They can also save time and improve motor skills before students enter clinical stages.

Dental biomaterials redefined: molecular docking and dynamics-driven dental resin composite optimization.

Background: Dental resin-based composites are widely recognized for their aesthetic appeal and adhesive properties, which make them integral to modern restorative dentistry. Despite their advantages, adhesion and biomechanical performance challenges persist, necessitating innovative strategies for improvement. This study addressed the challenges associated with adhesion and biomechanical properties in dental resin-based composites by employing molecular docking and dynamics simulation.

Impact of 3D imaging techniques and virtual patients on the accuracy of planning and surgical placement of dental implants: A systematic review.

Aim: The integration of advanced technologies, including three-dimensional (3D) imaging modalities and virtual simulations, has significantly influenced contemporary approaches to preoperative planning in implant dentistry. Through a meticulous analysis of relevant studies, this review synthesizes findings related to accuracy outcomes in implant placement facilitated by 3D imaging in virtual patients.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across relevant databases to identify relevant studies published to date.

Infection of Human Macrophage-Like Cells by African Swine Fever Virus.

Background: The African swine fever (ASF) virus (ASFV) and ASF-like viral sequences were identified in human samples and sewage as well as in different water environments. Pigs regularly experience infections by the ASFV. The considerable stability of the virus in the environment suggests that there is ongoing and long-term contact between humans and the ASFV.

IL-23/IL-17 axis levels in gingival crevicular fluid of subjects with periodontal disease: a systematic review.

Background: The IL-23/IL-17 axis plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize all research reporting on the levels of the IL-23/IL-17 axis in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from subjects with gingivits, and periodontitis, compared to healthy controls.

Methods: The protocol followed the PRISMA, and Cochrane guidelines, and was registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.

Pathology and Clinics of Naturally Occurring Low-Virulence Variants of African Swine Fever Emerged in Domestic Pigs in the South Caucasus.

Shortly after the establishment of African swine fever virus (ASFV) genotype II in 2007, cases of acute fatal infection were observed. However, after several years of circulation in the Eurasian region, the clinical signs of the disease changed. Currently, this disease can occur acutely, subclinically, chronically, or asymptomatically.

The critical role of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis: insights from recent studies.

Ferroptosis is a regulated form of necrotic cell death reliant on iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation. Although the precise involvement of mitochondria in ferroptosis remains incompletely elucidated, recent research indicates that mitochondrial oxidative events wield a pivotal influence in this mechanism. This article centers on the most recent discoveries, spotlighting the significance of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in the occurrence of ferroptosis.

AN INVESTIGATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE IN ADOLESCENT JUDOKAS.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological and physiological factors affecting performance levels in adolescent judokas. The research was performed in the "Sport EMI" scientific-research center of Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport. Participants' performance levels were assessed based on their kyu rankings, a hierarchical ranking system in judo.

Using domain adaptation for classification of healthy and disease conditions from mobile-captured images of standard 12-lead electrocardiograms.

12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings can be collected in any clinic and the interpretation is performed by a clinician. Modern machine learning tools may make them automatable. However, a large fraction of 12-lead ECG data is still available in printed paper or image only and comes in various formats.

The pattern of stability of African swine fever virus in leeches.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) can accumulate and survive in leeches for a long time. The reasons for the survival of ASFV in leeches are not entirely clear. Here, we elucidate the virus survival pathway in infected leeches.

Dental Luting Cements: An Updated Comprehensive Review.

The cementation of indirect restoration is one of the most important steps in prosthetic and restorative dentistry. Cementation aims to bond the prosthetic restoration to the prepared enamel or enamel and dentine. Successful cementation protocols prevent biofilm formation at the margin between tooth and restoration and minimize mechanical and biological complications.

Mitochondrial Lipid Peroxidation Is Responsible for Ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis induced by erastin (an inhibitor of cystine transport) and butionine sulfoximine (an inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis) was prevented by the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants SkQ1 and MitoTEMPO. These effects correlate with the prevention of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, which precedes cell death. Methylene blue, a redox agent that inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, also inhibits ferroptosis and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Delta Variant Study In Vitro and Vivo.

At the end of 2019, an outbreak of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by a coronavirus occurred in Wuhan, China, after which the virus spread around the world. Here, we have described the adaptive capacity and pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, which is widespread in Armenia, in vitro and vivo on Syrian hamsters. We have studied the changes in the SARS-CoV-2genome using viral RNA sequencing during virus adaptation in vitro and in vivo.

Investigation of the functional pathogenesis of mild cognitive impairment by localisation-based locus coeruleus resting-state fMRI.

Dementia as one of the most prevalent diseases urges for a better understanding of the central mechanisms responsible for clinical symptoms, and necessitates improvement of actual diagnostic capabilities. The brainstem nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) is a promising target for early diagnosis because of its early structural alterations and its relationship to the functional disturbances in the patients. In this study, we applied our improved method of localisation-based LC resting-state fMRI to investigate the differences in central sensory signal processing when comparing functional connectivity (fc) of a patient group with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 28) and an age-matched healthy control group (n = 29).

The Effectiveness of a CrossFit Training Program for Improving Physical Fitness of Young Judokas: A Pilot Study.

The aim of this pilot study was to examine the effectiveness of a CrossFit-based training program to enhance the general and sport-specific physical fitness of 10−12-year-old judokas. The study was conducted between September 2021 and February 2022. The pedagogical research experiment was designed to be one complete, annual macrocycle (September−June).

Distribution of Biodiversity of Wild Beet Species (Genus L.) in Armenia under Ongoing Climate Change Conditions.

The reported annual temperature increase and significant precipitation drop in Armenia impact the country's ecosystems and biodiversity. The present study surveyed the geographical distribution of the local wild beet species under the ongoing climate change conditions. We showed that , and are sensitive to climate change and were affected to various degrees, depending on their location.

African Swine Fever Virus Manipulates the Cell Cycle of G0-Infected Cells to Access Cellular Nucleotides.

African swine fever virus manipulates the cell cycle of infected G0 cells by inducing its progression via unblocking cells from the G0 to S phase and then arresting them in the G2 phase. DNA synthesis in infected alveolar macrophages starts at 10-12 h post infection. DNA synthesis in the nuclei of G0 cells is preceded by the activation of the viral genes K196R, A240L, E165R, F334L, F778R, and R298L involved in the synthesis of nucleotides and the regulation of the cell cycle.

Modern Breast Cancer Surgery 1st Central-Eastern European Professional Consensus Statement on Breast Cancer.

This text is based on the recommendations accepted by the 4th Hungarian Consensus Conference on Breast Cancer, modified on the basis of the international consultation and conference within the frames of the Central-Eastern European Academy of Oncology. The recommendations cover non-operative, intraoperative and postoperative diagnostics, determination of prognostic and predictive markers and the content of cytology and histology reports. Furthermore, they address some specific issues such as the current status of multigene molecular markers, the role of pathologists in clinical trials and prerequisites for their involvement, and some remarks about the future.