[Exosomes' role in intercellular interactions in different variants of lung injury in fatal cases of COVID-19].

Background: Extracellular vesicles are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer, carrying various active biomolecules and participating in many physiological and pathological processes, including infectious ones.

Objective: To research the role of exosomes in intercellular interactions in the pathogenesis of various types of lung damage in fatal cases of COVID-19.

Material And Methods: We conducted a clinical and morphological analysis of 118 fatal cases caused by coronavirus infection in Moscow.

HER2-Positive Lacrimal Sac Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a 57-Year-Old Man.

Introduction: Lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare tumor. Only 241 cases of lacrimal sac SCC have been reported in the literature. However, the detailed molecular profile of this tumor is unknown.

[Features of the cell composition of inflammatory infiltrate in different phases of diffuse alveolar lung damage with COVID-19].

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with COVID-19 has a worse prognosis than ARDS with other diseases. Mortality from ARDS with COVID-19 is 26.0 - 61.

Analysis of Risk Factors in COVID-19 Adult Mortality in Russia.

Background And Objective: Epidemiological data obtained during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic suggests that COVID-19 mortality has specific age and gender associations. However, limited epidemiological studies explored specific populational risk factors, including comorbidities, and patient clinical characteristics. The main aim of our retrospective cohort study was to analyze associations between age, gender, and comorbidities in deceased COVID-19 patients.

Spectrum of Mutations in BRCA1/2 Associated High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

Mutations in TP53 lead to loss of function (LOF) or gain of function (GOF) of the corresponding protein p53 and produce a different effect on the tumor. Our goal was to determine the spectrum of somatic variants in associated high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). The population under study comprised of HGSOCs with pathogenic variants in ( = 78) or ( = 21).

The Relationship of Immunoexpression of Ki-67 and Hsp70 with Clinical and Morphological Parameters and Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

We studied the correlations of the expression of Ki-67 proliferation marker and localization of heat shock protein Hsp70 in tumor cells of papillary thyroid cancer with some clinical and morphological parameters and a 10-year survival prognosis. High variability of the proliferative activity (by Ki-67 index) of tumor cells was revealed. It was found that Hsp70 protein has different localization in tumor cells: cytoplasmic, nuclear, nucleolar, and mixed.

Loss of Heterozygosity in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes in Patients with Ovarian Cancer and Probability of Its Use for Clinical Classification of Variations.

Changes (or variants) in BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene sequences can have different lengths and clinical significance: from single nucleotide variants (SNV) and short insertions/deletions (<50 bp) to extended deletions and duplications (so-called copy number variations, or CNV). According to their clinical significance, all variants can be divided into pathogenic, likely pathogenic, variants of uncertain significance, likely benign, and benign. Moreover, variants can be germinal (i.

Mast Cells in Renal Cancer: Clinical Morphological Correlations and Prognosis.

Morphofunctional activity of mast cells in renal cancer is studied on specimens from the center of the tumor, peritumorous zone (with an obligatory fragment of the pseudocapsule), and from renal tissues maximally distant from the tumor. The counts and areas of tumor cells were maximum in the peritumorous zone in comparison with intact kidney tissue and central zone of the tumor. Analysis of correlations revealed a direct correlation between the tumor cell count in the peritumorous zone and some clinical morphological parameters of the tumor (anaplasia degree, size, presence of invasion and metastases, and angiogenesis).

[Morphometric and molecular biological features of femoral head tissue in different nosological entities of coxarthrosis].

Aim: to comparatively analyze the morphometric and molecular biological characteristics of femoral head tissue in different nosological entities of coxarthrosis.

Material And Methods: A total of 95 samples of femoral head tissue extirpated during hip endoprosthesis in patients with coxarthrosis were investigated. Clinical findings were used to identify the following nosological entities of coxarthrosis: dysplastic, postischemic and posttraumatic.

Expression of B23/Nucleophosphamine Nonribosomal Nucleolar Protein in Smooth Muscle Tumors of the Corpus Uteri.

Immunohistochemical study of B23/nucleophosmine (NPM), the key argyrophilic nonribosomal protein associated with the nucleolus-producing regions, in smooth muscle formations of the body of the uterus and myometrium was carried out. The uterus index, number of positively stained nucleoli in the nucleus, integral optical density, and area of positively stained nucleoli were studied by computer-aided image analysis. The results indicated significant differences in the integral optical density and less so in the areas of NPM+ nucleoli in leiomyosarcomas, but not in intact myometrium and leiomyomas.

[Non-small cell lung cancer: HER2 oncogene status].

Objective: to study HER2 protein and HER2 gene, their heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer.

Material And Methods: 218 intraoperative non-small cell lung samples were examined using tissue matrix methods. HER2 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry (clone 4B5, <> and HER2 gene and CEP1 7 were evaluated by in situ hybridization (SISH, <>).

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region in MIB-1 positive cells in non-small cell lung cancer: clinicopathological significance and survival.

Objective: To evaluate the relation between argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR)-associated proteins and clinicopathological parameters and survival in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A total of 207 surgical specimens diagnosed as NSCLC were included in this study. Double-staining procedures were performed using antigen Ki-67 (clone MIB-1) and silver nitrate by immunohistochemical and AgNOR-staining methods.

[THE PROCESSES OF CELL PROLIFERATION, APOPTOSIS AND ANGIOGENESIS IN PATHOLOGICALLY UNCHANGED LUNG AND IN NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER].

The objective of this study was to examine cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis in pathologically unchanged lung and in non-small cell lung cancer with the use of appropriate markers. The material studied included samples of pathologically unchanged lung (n=80) and those obtained at operations in 237 cases of non-small cell lung cancer. Immunohistochemical methods were used to demonstrate Ki-67, topoisomerase IIalpha (TopoIIalpha), p53, bcl-2, bax, CD34 and podoplanin.

Relationship of argyrophilic proteins of nucleolal organizer regions in Ki-67+ cells with clinical and morphological parameters in lung adenocarcinoma.

Ninety-four lung adenocarcinoma samples obtained during surgeries were examined using a combination of immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 antigen and silver nitrate staining for argyrophilic nucleolar organizer (Ag-NOR) proteins. In lung adenocarcinoma, we studied the correlation between the area of Ag-NOR proteins in Ki-67(+) cells and clinical and morphological TNM parameters: maximum tumor diameter (T) and stage of the disease and tumor differentiation degree (N). Survival of patients with small area of Ag-NOR proteins in Ki-67(+) cells was higher that in patients with great area of these proteins.

Correlation of HER-2/Neu protein expression and HER2 gene amplification with clinical morphological parameters of nonsmall cell lung cancer.

A total of 218 operation specimens from patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer were examined. The expression of HER-2 protein was studied by the immunohistochemical method, amplification of HER2 gene and centromere part of chromosome 17 (CEP17) - by the in situ chromogenic hybridization method. Moderate correlation (r=0.

Argyrophilic proteins of nucleolar organizer regions and proliferative activity of cells in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Argyrophilic proteins associated with nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NOR proteins) and Ki-67 antigen were analyzed in 118 samples of squamous cell carcinoma of the lungs. Tumors with low and high content of Ag-NOR proteins and Ki-67 index were selected. It was found that the content of Ag-NOR proteins correlated with some clinical and morphological parameters (indexes T and N, tumor size less and more that 3 cm, stage of the disease, and tumor differentiation degree) and survival rate.

Association between Argyrophilic Proteins of Nucleolar Organizer Regions, Clinicomorphological Parameters, and Survival in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

We studied argyrophilic proteins associated with nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) in non-small-cell cancer. We determined the area index (AI) and coefficient of variation (CV) of AgNOR. AI is associated with the key clinicomorphological parameters within the TNM system: T and N values, greatest tumor dimension up to 3 cm and more, disease stage, histogenesis, and tumor differentiation.

Relationship between the argyrophilic proteins of the nucleolar organizer region and stage of squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung.

Argyrophilic proteins associated with chromosome nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NOR proteins) were studied in lung squamous-cell carcinoma cells. After routine staining with silver nitrate, the area index and coefficient of variations of Ag-NOR protein were estimated by computer-aided image analysis. The Ag-NOR protein area indexes of tumor cells differed in clinical morphological variants of squamous-cell cancer (differing by T and N parameters, size of the primary node <3 cm or larger, by disease stage, and differentiation degree).

Prognostic Value of Microvessel Density in Tumor and Peritumoral Area as Evaluated by CD31 Protein Expression and Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region Count in Endothelial Cells in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma.

The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of microvessel density (MVD) in uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and peritumoral area (PA) as evaluated by CD31 expression and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) count in endothelial cells. Tissue specimens from 66 patients with uterine LMS were examined. There were no significant differences in the mean MVD between tumor itself and the PA (P = 0.