Mouse strain-specific responses along the gut-brain axis upon fecal microbiota transplantation from children with autism.

Several factors are linked to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD); however, the molecular mechanisms of the condition remain unknown. As intestinal problems and gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with ASD development and severity, recent studies have focused on elucidating the microbiota-gut-brain axis' involvement. This study aims to explore mechanisms through which gut microbiota might influence ASD.

Exploring autism spectrum disorder and co-occurring trait associations to elucidate multivariate genetic mechanisms and insights.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a partially heritable neurodevelopmental trait, and people with ASD may also have other co-occurring trait such as ADHD, anxiety disorders, depression, mental health issues, learning difficulty, physical health traits and communication challenges. The concomitant development of ASD and other neurological traits is assumed to result from a complex interplay between genetics and the environment. However, only a limited number of studies have performed multivariate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for ASD.

Selective Classes and Early Health Inequalities in Comprehensive Schools in Finland.

Background: The origin of inequalities in health outcomes has been explained by health selection and social causation models. Health selection processes operate particularly at school age. We study, if student allocation to teaching groups with aptitude tests (selective vs general class) differentiates adolescents by health behaviors and mental health.

Expected impact of MRI-targeted biopsy interreader variability among uropathologists on ProScreen prostate cancer screening trial: a pre-trial validation study.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) histology, particularly the Gleason score, is an independent prognostic predictor in PCa. Little is known about the inter-reader variability in grading of targeted prostate biopsy based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to assess inter-reader variability in Gleason grading of MRI-targeted biopsy among uropathologists and its potential impact on a population-based randomized PCa screening trial (ProScreen).

Complications after pediatric percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: comparison of the push and pull technique.

Purpose: Various complications are associated with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) procedures in children. The push technique is being increasingly used, but its complications are insufficiently characterized. We aimed to assess all complications related to PEG procedures and compare the safety of the pull and push techniques.

Tensorial Principal Component Analysis in Detecting Temporal Trajectories of Purchase Patterns in Loyalty Card Data: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Loyalty card data automatically collected by retailers provide an excellent source for evaluating health-related purchase behavior of customers. The data comprise information on every grocery purchase, including expenditures on product groups and the time of purchase for each customer. Such data where customers have an expenditure value for every product group for each time can be formulated as 3D tensorial data.

Patterns of mental health services and mood disorder disability pensions: a standard comparison of Finland's three largest hospital districts.

Introduction: Mental disorders are one of the most common and disabling health conditions worldwide. There is however no consensus on the best practice of system level mental health services (MHS) provision, in order to prevent e.g.

Socioeconomic status, psychotherapy duration, and return to work from disability due to common mental disorders.

Low socioeconomic status (SES) is a risk factor for work disability due to common mental disorders (CMDs), one possible reason being inequal use of services. Psychotherapy is an evidence-based treatment for CMDs. This study examines socioeconomic and sociodemographic differences in psychotherapy attendance and an association of psychotherapy duration with return to work (RTW).

Impact of the first response unit on prehospital on-scene time among paramedic-suspected stroke patients: a retrospective before-after cohort study in Finland.

Background: Revascularization of an occluded artery by either thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy is a time-critical intervention in ischaemic stroke. Each link in the stroke chain of survival should minimize the delay to definitive treatment in every possible way. In this study, we investigated the effect of routine dispatch of a first response unit (FRU) on prehospital on-scene time (OST) on stroke missions.

Mental health service diversity and work disability: associations of mental health service system characteristics and mood disorder disability pensioning in Finland.

Purpose: Public mental health services (MHS) are crucial in preventing psychiatric disability pensions (DP). We studied the associations between mood disorder DP risk and the characteristics of Finnish municipalities' MHS provision using the ESMS-R mapping tool and Finnish population registers, based on first-time granted mood disorder DPs between 2010 and 2015.

Methods: The final data set included 13,783 first-time mood disorder DP recipients and 1088 mental health service units in 104 municipalities.

Long-term effectiveness of enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry disease with the p.Arg227Ter variant: Fabry disease in Ostrobothnia (FAST) study.

Fabry disease (FD) is an X chromosome-linked, life-threatening lysosomal disease caused by one of more than 1000 currently known variants in the α-galactosidase A (GLA) gene. The follow-up part of the Fabry Disease in Ostrobothnia (FAST) study reports the long-term effect of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on a prospectively collected cohort of 12 patients, 4 males and 8 females, mean age 46 years (SD 16), with the classical variant c.679C > T p.

Health check attendance association with health and study-related factors: a register-based cohort study of Finnish university entrants.

Background: General health checks are an established component of preventive health care in many countries. Declining participation rates have raised concerns in health care providers. Understanding the reasons for attendance and non-attendance is necessary to improve the preventive health care system.

Socioeconomic factors and use of psychotherapy in common mental disorders predisposing to disability pension.

Background: Research in high-income countries has identified low socioeconomic status as a risk factor for disability pension (DP) due to common mental disorders (CMDs). Psychotherapy is an evidence-based treatment for the majority of CMDs along with medication and it is often targeted to prevent work disability. This study examines socioeconomic differences in the use of rehabilitative psychotherapy in Finland, where citizens have universal health coverage, but psychotherapy is partly dependent on personal finance.

Association between university students' two-staged health screening and student health care utilisation: register based observational study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore how university students' participation in a two-staged health screening at the beginning of university studies associates with student health care utilisation in a 6-year follow-up.

Design: Nationwide, observational, register-based cohort study with a 6-year follow-up.

Setting: Student health care in Finland.

Contextual and mental health service factors in mental disorder-based disability pensioning in Finland - a regional comparison.

Background: We investigated the regional differences in all mental disorder disability pensions (DP) between 2010 and 2015 in Finland, and separately in mood disorders and non-affective psychotic disorder DP. We also studied the contribution of several district-level contextual and mental health service factors to mental disorder DP.

Methods: Subjects were all those granted mental disorder DP for the first time between 2010 and 2015 in Finland (N = 36,879).

Serum fatty acids and risk of developing islet autoimmunity: A nested case-control study within the TRIGR birth cohort.

Background: Circulating fatty acids have been linked to development of type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: To study the prospective associations of serum fatty acids with the risk of islet autoimmunity in high-risk children.

Methods: A nested case-control selection was carried out within the TRIGR cohort, which included infants with HLA (DQB1 or DQA1)-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes, born between 2002 and 2007 in 15 countries and followed-up until 2017.

Associations between e-health questionnaire responses, health checks and graduation: Finnish register-based study of 2011-2012 university entrants.

Objective: To evaluate the association between health and study-related factors measured by an Electronic Health Questionnaire (eHQ), participation in a health examination process and graduation in a university student population.

Design: Nationwide, retrospective, register-based cohort study with a 6-year follow-up.

Setting: Student health care in Finland.

Genome, Environment, Microbiome and Metabolome in Autism (GEMMA) Study Design: Biomarkers Identification for Precision Treatment and Primary Prevention of Autism Spectrum Disorders by an Integrated Multi-Omics Systems Biology Approach.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects approximately 1 child in 54, with a 35-fold increase since 1960. Selected studies suggest that part of the recent increase in prevalence is likely attributable to an improved awareness and recognition, and changes in clinical practice or service availability. However, this is not sufficient to explain this epidemiological phenomenon.

Socioeconomic factors in disability retirement due to mental disorders in Finland.

Background: Previous research has identified low socioeconomic status (SES) as an epidemiological risk factor for early retirement and disability pension (DP) due to mental disorders. This study aims to examine these associations in greater detail, with separate consideration of the risk factors for mood disorders (F30-39) and non-affective psychotic disorder (F20-29) DP.

Methods: In this case-control setting the subjects (N = 36 879) were all those granted DP due to a mental disorder for the first time between 2010 and 2015 in Finland.

Screening University Students for Health Checks With an Electronic Health Questionnaire in Finland: Protocol for a Retrospective, Register-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Health questionnaires and health checks are an established part of preventive health care services in Finland. However, only very limited research of these has been conducted. The Finnish Student Health Service (FSHS) provides primary health care services to all bachelor's and master's degree university students (approximately 134,500 students) in Finland.

The importance of clinical and labour market histories in psychiatric disability retirement: analysis of the comprehensive Finnish national-level RETIRE data.

Objectives: Despite the stable incidence of mental disorders in Finland and Europe, mental health-related occupational disability has been increasing. We unveiled the paths to permanent psychiatric disability, recovery, or death, by analysing sequences of labour market participation.

Methods: The RETIRE register database includes information regarding all persons (n = 42,170) awarded an ICD-10 psychiatric disability pension between 2010 and 2015 in Finland.

Natural course of Fabry disease with the p. Arg227Ter (p.R227*) mutation in Finland: Fast study.

Background: Fabry disease is caused by a deficient or an absent alfa-galactosidase A activity and is an X-linked disorder that results in organ damage and a shortened life span, especially in males. The severity of the disease depends on the type of mutation, gender, skewed X-chromosome inactivation, and other still unknown factors.

Methods: In this article, we describe the natural course of a common classic Fabry disease mutation, p.