BONE FORMATION IN UNILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE PATIENTS AFTER EARLY SECONDARY GINGIVOALVEOLOPLASTY AND BONE GRAFT: LONG-TERM STUDY.

Background: The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis, utilizing CT scans, of ossification patterns in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients who underwent early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty (esGAP) versus those who underwent traditional alveolar bone grafting harvested from the iliac crest (IC).

Methods: 22 CT scans of patients consecutively treated with esGAP were compared with those of 21 patients treated with bone grafting from iliac crest (IC). Inclusion criteria were non syndromic UCLP patients in permanent dentition.

Segmental maxillary osteotomy in cleft lip and palate patients: a stepwise planning in the orthodontic pre-surgical preparation with Invisalign.

Aim: To show the potential of Invisalign in multi-segmental Le Fort I preparation with the aid of an occlusogram-like method.

Methods: Nine patients treated with Invisalign before segmental osteotomy of the maxilla (study sample) were matched for diagnosis, surgical procedure, and complexity of orthodontic preparation with nine patients treated with fixed appliances (control sample). A superimposition technique was adapted to complement the Invisalign software to carry out an appropriate ClinCheck in segmental pre-surgical treatments.

The Use of Clear Aligners in Multi-Segmental Maxillary Surgery: A Case-Control Study in Cleft Lip and Palate and Skeletal Class III Patients.

: Maxillary hypoplasia and mandibular asymmetry may be corrected with orthognathic surgery after growth completion. For most stable results, some cases may require segmental Le Fort I osteotomies. Unfortunately, Invisalign's software (6.

Patients' testimonies, feelings, complaints and emotional experiences with dermatoses on open social media: The French infodemiologic patient's free speech study.

Background: Dermatoses represent a significant burden. Patients and their caregivers can turn to social media and digital communities to exchange with each other. These public exchanges constitute real-life data that can be analysed to better understand the patients' feelings and expectations, and the daily difficulties encountered.

Prospective study of nasal growth in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients after naso-alveolar moulding and primary columella lengthening compared to controls at 5, 10 and 20 years.

Introduction: A short columella, wide nostrils and a flat nasal tip are common features in patients with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP). The objective of this study was to evaluate nasal morphology during growth in patients treated with naso-alveolar moulding (NAM) and primary surgical columella lengthening (PCL) compared with matched non-cleft individuals.

Study Design: Prospective longitudinal case-control study.

The role of the dentist and the orthodontist in early diagnosis of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: a cephalometric and photometric study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the facial characteristics and the craniofacial morphology in GGS patients in order to enable an early diagnosis.

Background: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is a autosomic dominant disease, characterised by basal cell carcinoma, palmar/plantar pits, maxillary and mandibular keratocysts and dental abnormalities.

Methods: Nine out of a sample of 24 GGS patients had complete cephalometric and photographic records at an average age of 8.

Cross-sectional evaluation of periodontal inflammation and oral hygiene status between fixed appliances and Invisalign in patients affected by craniofacial anomalies.

Objective: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the difference in the oral health status and oral hygiene of orthodontic treatment with aligners (AL) and with fixed appliances (FA) in patients affected by craniofacial anomalies (CFA).

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 100 Caucasian patients affected by various CFA from two different hospitals. Fifty patients treated with AL were matched for sex, age and CFA with a control sample of 50 patients treated with FA.

Nasoalveolar molding and skeletal development in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate: A retrospective cephalometric study at the completion of growth.

The aim of this retrospective long-term study was to assess the influence of primary columella lengthening and presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) on the skeletal development at the completion of growth in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). Lateral cephalometric radiographs at the completion of growth of consecutively treated patients BCLP patients, operated by the same surgeon, who had undergone NAM were compared with a second group of BCLP patients who were not treated with NAM. The groups were matched for sex and age.

MTHFR promoter methylation might mitigate the effect of smoking at the level of LINE-1 in cleft lip tissues: A preliminary study.

Background: The medial and maxillary aspects of the upper lip originate at separate embryonic stages and therefore may experience different maternal exposure patterns which may affect methylation. Based on this hypothesis, we investigated the level of methylation of the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase promoter gene (mMTHFR) in tissues from cleft lip, and mMTHFR levels by MTHFR c.677C > T genotype.

Photometric Evaluation of Adult Patients With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Treated With Nasoalveolar Molding and Primary Columella Lengthening.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the nasal shape of young adults with BCLP treated with primary surgical columella lengthening and nasoalveolar molding (NAM).

Setting And Patients: A group of 28 young adult patients with BCLP (mean age: 19.1±1.

Non-surgical treatment of vertical excess of the premaxilla in growing bilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

Patients with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP) may present a vertical excess of the premaxilla in childhood. This is a severe functional and aesthetic problem, where bone grafting is more challenging. The aim of this study was to describe a simple and reproducible non-surgical orthopaedic treatment for vertical excess of the premaxilla in the deciduous/early mixed dentition phase in BCLP patients.

Orthodontic Pre Grafting Closure of Large Alveolar Bony and Soft Tissue Gaps: A Novel Nonsurgical Protraction of the Lesser Segments in Growing Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate.

Background: Closure of wide alveolar clefts with large soft tissue gaps and reconstruction of the dentoalveolar defect are challenging for the surgeon. Some authors successfully used interdental segmental distraction, which requires an additional surgical procedure.

Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of tooth borne devices utilized to orthopedically advance the lesser segments, with a complete approximation of the soft tissue of the alveolar stumps, allowing traditional simultaneous soft tissue closure and bone grafting, and avoiding the need for supplementary surgery.

Prioritizing Cleft/Craniofacial Surgical Care after the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: It is anticipated that in due course the burden of emergency care due to COVID-19 infected patients will reduce sufficiently to permit elective surgical procedures to recommence. Prioritizing cleft/craniofacial surgery in the already overloaded medical system will then become an issue. The European Cleft Palate Craniofacial Association, together with the European Cleft and Craniofacial Initiative for Equality in Care, performed a brief survey to capture a current snapshot during a rapidly evolving pandemic.

Long-term longitudinal evalutation of mandibular growth in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome treated and not treated with glossectomy.

Aim: This study compares long-term mandibular growth between a group of Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) patients who underwent glossectomy at an early age and a group of patients not operated.

Methods: Cephalometric measurements were performed in BWS patients comparing the data obtained between a group of patients operated at an early age and a group of non-operated patients who declined surgery. Statistics included independent sample T-test.

Comparison of the psychosocial impact on patients affected by cranio facial anomalies between traditional orthodontic brackets and aligners.

Objectives: Malocclusion affects the psychological wellness and social interaction, impacting negatively on adolescents' quality of life and self-esteem. Facial attractiveness is mostly based on the esthetics of the smile and patients seek orthodontic treatment mainly to improve aesthetics. The aim of this prospective clinical study is to compare the psychosocial impact of aligners (AL) and fixed appliances (FA) as orthodontic treatments in patients affected by craniofacial anomalies (CFA).

Costochondral graft in growing patients with hemifacial microsomia case series: Long-term results compared with non-treated patients.

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of costochondral graft in hemifacial microsomia (HFM) type III patients.

Settings And Sample Population: A sample of 10 patients affected by HFM type III treated during growth in the same Centre with costochondral graft (CCG patients group) is compared with a control group (CG) sample of 10 non-treated patients affected by the same malformation in order to understand whether surgery during growth provides advantages in terms of bony and facial symmetry after an 8-year follow-up.

Materials And Methods: The growth of the CCG was assessed on panoramic X-rays.

Comparison of Pain Perception in Patients Affected by Cleft and Cranio Facial Anomalies Treated With Traditional Fixed Appliances or Invisalign.

Introduction: The objective of this prospective study was to compare the difference in pain perception between treatment with aligners (AL) and fixed appliances (FA) in patients affected by cleft and craniofacial anomalies (CFA).

Methods: The sample consisted of 100 syndromic caucasian patients affected by various CFA from 2 different hospitals. Fifty patients treated with AL were matched for sex, age, and CFA with a control sample of 50 patients treated with FA.

Maxillary shape at the end of puberty in operated unilateral cleft lip and palate: A geometric morphometric assessment using computer tomography.

Introduction: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) surgery interferes with maxillary growth and contributes to transversal and sagittal growth impairment. Our retrospective descriptive study aimed to evaluate maxillary bone shape in a homogenous unilateral CLP patient group using geometric morphometrics based on CT-scan data.

Material And Methods: We included all patients with available CT-scans at the end of pubertal growth and operated on at Smile House of Milan, according to the standard protocol, involving two surgical steps: (1) primary closure of the lip and soft palate at 6 months of age and (2) early secondary gingivoalveoloplasty (GAP) associated with hard palate repair at 18-36 months.

LINE-1 methylation in cleft lip tissues: Influence of infant MTHFR c.677C>T genotype.

Objective: To investigate the influence of MTHFR c.677C>T genotype on LINE-1 methylation in lateral and medial tissues from cleft lip (CL).

Methods: Forty-five consecutive non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) cases were included in the study.

Evaluation of a Sample of Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Treated With a Two-Stage Protocol.

The aim of this paper was to assess growth, speech, and aesthetic results at the completion of growth in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated with the 2 stages Milan surgical protocol.Craniofacial growth was evaluated with cephalometric analysis and a theoretical need for orthognathic surgery.Nasolabial appearance was qualitatively assessed using the Asher McDade Aesthetic Index.

Ultrastructural analysis of collagen fibril diameter distribution in cleft lip.

Objective: A preliminary study to determine collagen fibril diameter (CF-ED) distribution on medial and lateral sides of cleft lip (CL).

Material And Methods: Tissue samples from medial and lateral sides of CL were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 1% osmium tetroxide and embedded in Araldite CY212 resin for transmission electron microscopy.

Short- and Long-Term Effects of Late Maxillary Advancement With the Liou-Alt-RAMEC Protocol in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.

Objective: The objective of this retrospective longitudinal study was to evaluate short- and long-term results of the application of the Liou Alt-RAMEC (alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction) technique, a late orthopedic maxillary protraction technique, with intraoral anchorage, in patients with cleft.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) were consecutively treated with the Alt-RAMEC technique. The average age of the patients was 11.

Photometric Evaluation in Adolescence of Patients With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Treated With Nasoalveolar Molding and Primary Columella Lengthening.

Objective: Nasal stigma in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) are a short columella and a flattened nasal tip.

Design: The aim of this study was to evaluate the aesthetics of adolescents with BCLP, operated with a modified Cutting primary columella lengthening technique, associated to a modified Grayson orthopedic nasoalveolar molding (NAM).

Setting And Patients: 72 BCLP patients were operated with this approach.

Evaluating LINE-1 methylation in cleft lip tissues and its association with early pregnancy exposures.

Aim: To pilot investigation of methylation of long interspersed nucleotide element-1 in lip tissues from infants with nonsyndromic cleft lip, and its association with maternal periconceptional exposures.

Methods: The lateral and medial sides of the cleft lips of 23 affected infants were analyzed for long interspersed nucleotide element-1 methylation by bisulfite conversion and pyrosequencing.

Results: The medial side showed 1.

Muscle fiber diameter assessment in cleft lip using image processing.

Objective: To pilot investigation of muscle fiber diameter (MFD) on medial and lateral sides of the cleft in 18 infants with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) using image processing.

Material And Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from the medial and lateral sides of the cleft were analyzed for MFD using an image-processing program (ImageJ). For within-case comparison, a paired Student's t test was performed.