Prognostic Impact of a Histologic Grading Scheme in Dogs Diagnosed With Rib Chondrosarcoma.

Data regarding the outcome of canine rib chondrosarcoma is sparse and varied. While grade of tumour is associated with outcome for canine appendicular chondrosarcoma, the association of grade with outcome for canine rib chondrosarcoma is unclear. This study aimed to correlate the grade of canine rib chondrosarcoma with median survival time.

Rectally obtained fecal samples can be used for fecal occult blood testing in dogs, and fecal immunochemical tests do not detect canine or feline blood.

Objective: The first objective was to determine if the sample collection method (naturally voided vs digital rectal examination collection) affected fecal occult blood test (FOBT) results. The second objective was to assess the ability of human fecal hemoglobin immunochemical tests to detect canine and feline blood.

Animals: 308 privately owned dogs, healthy and sick.

Adult Animal Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Biomedical Research and the One Health Paradigm.

Preclinical biomedical research is limited by the predictiveness of in vivo and in vitro models. While in vivo models offer the most complex system for experimentation, they are also limited by ethical, financial, and experimental constraints. In vitro models are simplified models that do not offer the same complexity as living animals but do offer financial affordability and more experimental freedom; therefore, they are commonly used.

A prospective cohort study to identify clinical diagnostic and prognostic markers of primary immune thrombocytopenia in dogs.

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (pITP) in dogs presents a diagnostic challenge, and clinical markers of severity are lacking.

Objectives: Identify clinicopathologic features that differentiate pITP from secondary ITP (sITP) and markers related to bleeding severity, transfusion, and survival of dogs with pITP.

Animals: Ninety-eight thrombocytopenic dogs (58 pITP and 40 sITP).

Suspected primary bone marrow T-cell lymphoid neoplasia causing paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in 11 dogs (2014-2021).

Objective: To describe the clinical findings and outcome in hypercalcemic dogs that were diagnosed with T-cell lymphoid neoplasia by bone marrow evaluation.

Animals: 11 client-owned dogs, identified retrospectively through 2 diagnostic laboratories between 2014 and 2021.

Clinical Presentation: Cases presented with hypercalcemia and lacked overt evidence of lymphoid neoplasia in the blood or nonmedullary tissues.

Retrospective evaluation of the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in dogs receiving ophthalmic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Objectives: To report the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and associated risk factors in a population of dogs receiving ophthalmic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Animal Studied: Medical records of dogs prescribed ophthalmic NSAIDs (cases), dogs receiving systemic NSAIDs alone and dogs receiving systemic prednisone alone (controls).

Procedures: Data were collected retrospectively from the medical records of 204 dogs prescribed ophthalmic NSAIDs (diclofenac, ketorolac, or flurbiprofen), which were subdivided based on if they received any concurrent systemic NSAIDs or glucocorticoids, 136 dogs receiving a systemic NSAID (carprofen or meloxicam) alone, and 151 dogs receiving a systemic glucocorticoid (prednisone) alone at a referral hospital from 2015 to 2019.

Oculosystemic pneumocystosis in 2 sibling Chihuahuas.

Sibling female and male Chihuahuas were evaluated for a 9-month history of tachypnea that failed to respond to fenbendazole, doxycycline, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and prednisone. Physical examination identified tachypnea, hyperpnea, and harsh bronchovesicular lung sounds. Fundic examination disclosed diffuse chorioretinitis, manifested as multifocal chorioretinal granulomas in the female dog and occasional chorioretinal scars in the male dog.

Guidelines for resident training in veterinary clinical pathology. IV: Laboratory quality management-Teaching domains, competencies, and suggested learning outcomes.

Background: The 2019 ASVCP Education Committee Forum for Discussion, presented at the annual ASVCP/ACVP meeting, identified a need to develop recommendations for teaching laboratory quality management principles in veterinary clinical pathology residency training programs.

Objectives: To present a competency-based framework for teaching laboratory quality management principles in veterinary clinical pathology residency training programs, including entrustable professional activities (EPAs), domains of competence, individual competencies, and learning outcomes.

Methods: A joint subcommittee of the ASVCP Quality Assurance and Laboratory Standards (QALS) and Education Committees executed this project.

Preliminary evaluation of a flow cytometric assay with microsphere controls for the detection of platelet-bound antibodies in canine immune thrombocytopenia.

Background: Canine immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) ranges from a mild to severe bleeding disorder, and platelet counts do not reliably predict clinical disease course. The detection of platelet autoantibodies may further define the disease phenotype, but variability in assay configurations and a lack of well-characterized controls limit the diagnostic utility of anti-platelet antibody assays.

Objectives: We aimed to develop control reagents to facilitate the characterization of canine platelet surface-associated immunoglobulin (PSAIg) in flow cytometric assays.

American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology-Recommended Clinical Pathology Competencies for Graduating Veterinarians.

Given the move toward competency-based veterinary education and the subsequent reevaluation of veterinary curricula, there is a need for specialties to provide guidance to veterinary college administrators and educators on the core knowledge and skills pertaining to their specialty to ensure their inclusion in revised or redesigned curricula. The American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) Education Committee sought to create a list of competencies specific to clinical pathology expected of graduating veterinarians. The stimulus for this project was the American Veterinary Medical Association Council on Education Standards of Accreditation for Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, further driven by the 2018 publication of the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges Competency-Based Veterinary Education Working Group framework.

Comparison of curvilinear-array (microconvex) and phased-array transducers for ultrasonography of the lungs in dogs.

Objectives: To compare the use of curvilinear-array (microconvex) and phased-array transducers for ultrasonographic examination of the lungs in dogs.

Animals: 13 client-owned dogs with left-sided congestive heart failure.

Procedures: In a prospective methods comparison study, 24 ultrasonographic examinations of the lungs (4 sites/hemithorax) were performed with both curvilinear-array and phased-array transducers at 3 clinical time points.

Prostaglandin EP4 receptor mRNA expression in canine lymphoma.

Canine lymphoma (LSA) is a diverse, aggressive malignancy initiated by a variety of factors. Understanding those factors could help identify potential treatment options. Chronic inflammation drives lymphoma in human medicine and is suspected to play a role in veterinary medicine.

Chemical and microbiological stability of diluted ceftazidime in three different solutions under three storage temperatures over a 28 day period.

Background: Ceftazidime (CAZ) solutions are being used based on anecdotal reports for otitis externa complicated by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR PA). The chemical and microbiological stability of these proposed compounded solutions have not been evaluated, and likely are affected by the diluent and storage duration or temperature.

Hypothesis/objectives: Compounded CAZ solutions would show variable degradation dependent on diluent, time and temperature.

Preliminary Investigation of Bovine Whole Blood Xenotransfusion as a Therapeutic Modality for the Treatment of Anemia in Goats.

Anemia requiring whole blood transfusion for appropriate treatment is a common clinical presentation of caprine patients to veterinary practitioners; however, identifying suitable blood donors in goat herds can be challenging. In other veterinary species, the practice of xenotransfusion, where blood from 1 species is transfused to another, is used in emergency settings. Due to their ability to donate large volumes of whole blood, cattle could be an ideal source for xenotransfusion of goats.

Analysis of gene expression of prostaglandin EP4 receptor in canine osteosarcoma.

In many human cancers, the expression of the prostaglandin receptor EP4 (EP4R) is associated with the development of malignancy and a poor prognosis. The expression of EP4R has not yet been evaluated in canine tumors. The objective of this study was to characterize the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of EP4R in canine osteosarcoma (OSA).

Utility of point-of-care lung ultrasound for monitoring cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs.

Background: Point-of-care lung ultrasound (LUS) is an effective tool to diagnose left-sided congestive heart failure (L-CHF) in dogs via detection of ultrasound artifacts (B-lines) caused by increased lung water.

Hypothesis/objectives: To determine whether LUS can be used to monitor resolution of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs, and to compare LUS to other indicators of L-CHF control.

Animals: Twenty-five client-owned dogs hospitalized for treatment of first-onset L-CHF.

Neutrophil extracellular traps in stored canine red blood cell units.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), webs of DNA and citrullinated histones extruded from activated neutrophils cause transfusion-related acute lung injury. Supernatants of stored red blood cell (RBC) units might promote NETosis in neutrophils from the units or from transfusion recipients.

Hypotheses: (1) NETs form during storage of canine RBC, (2) leukoreduction (LR) before storage of RBC reduces NETosis, and (3) supernatant from stored, nonleukoreduced (NLR) RBC units induces NETosis in healthy canine neutrophils modeling transfusion recipients.

Paraplegia in a Domestic Ferret () Secondary to Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma with Myxoid Differentiation.

Neurologic disease is a common presentation of domestic ferrets () with infectious, neoplastic, and traumatic etiologies documented. Adrenocortical neoplasia is also well documented in domestic ferrets, with metastatic lesions rarely described. This case report describes an abnormal presentation of adrenocortical adenocarcinoma with myxoid differentiation and subsequent metastasis to the spinal cord and vertebral bodies, resulting in hind limb paraplegia in an adult spayed female ferret.

Performance of a Nageotte hemocytometer method and a flow cytometric assay for residual leukocyte quantification in leukoreduced canine packed red blood cells.

Objective: To evaluate the performances of a manual Nageotte hemocytometer method and commercial fluorescent bead-based flow cytometric assay for quantifying [rWBC] in leukoreduced canine packed red blood cell (pRBC) units.

Design: Prospective study. Five, commercially purchased, double leukoreduced canine pRBC units were spiked with canine leukocytes to create 6 pRBC standards with the following [rWBC]: < 0.

Inaccurate point-of-care blood glucose measurement in a dog with secondary erythrocytosis.

Background: Point-of-care (POC) portable blood glucose meters (PBGMs) are convenient and inexpensive tools for assessing patient blood glucose concentrations. They are often used to quickly diagnose hypoglycemia or collect serial glucose readings in diabetic patients. However, POC meters have been previously identified in human and veterinary literature to be inaccurate when utilized in patients with abnormal HCT.

Hypocholesterolemia in cats: a multicenter retrospective study of 106 cats.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic findings and associated diseases found in a population of hypocholesterolemic cats referred to two tertiary care facilities.

Methods: An electronic medical record search was performed at two veterinary university referral centers to identify cats with serum cholesterol values below the reference interval between January 2004 and 2016. Clinicopathologic data were reviewed for each case and cats were classified into specific disease categories based on clinical diagnosis.