Patellofemoral Cartilage Injury and Treatment.

Osteochondral and chondral injuries of the patellofemoral joint are common in active patients, and effective management requires a thorough physical and imaging evaluation, a detailed understanding of the unique anatomic and biomechanical joint properties contributing to these injuries, and an appropriate selection of treatment modality. Diagnosis of patellofemoral chondral injuries can be challenging, and differentiating between various causes of anterior knee pain is crucial to successful outcomes. Once identified, nonsurgical treatments including physical therapy, bracing, and injections are a mainstay of initial management.

CSF1-R inhibition attenuates posttraumatic osteoarthritis and quadriceps atrophy following ligament injury.

Knee osteoarthritis contributes substantially to worldwide disability. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) develops secondary to joint injury, such as ligament rupture, and there is increasing evidence suggesting a key role for inflammation in the aetiology of PTOA and associated functional deficits. Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1-R) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal degeneration following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

How Well Do Studies of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Intervention and Knee Osteoarthritis Adhere to the Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics Guidelines? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO) guidelines for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research, published in 2017, contain a suggested checklist for reporting items in manuscripts involving MSCs.

Purpose: We sought to determine how well randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on MSC intervention for knee osteoarthritis (OA) adhered to the MIBO guidelines.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases.

Management of Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans: A Critical Analysis Review.

» Osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum is a localized compromise of bone that may lead to subchondral collapse with articular cartilage damage and loose body formation.» The etiology is multifactorial; proposed mechanisms include repetitive microtrauma, vascular insufficiency, and genetic predisposition.» Diagnosis is based on patient presentation, clinical examination, diagnostic imaging, and intraoperative findings.

ASES and UCLA Are Responsive Patient-Reported Outcome Measures After Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been used to assess shoulder function, but it is unknown which are the most effective.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to report the multiple PROMs used after rotator cuff repair (RCR) and to compare the responsiveness between them. It was hypothesized that the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff PROM would be the most responsive and commonly used in patients undergoing RCR.

Lysholm and KOOS QoL Demonstrate High Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: There have been a large number of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to determine which PROMs are being commonly used in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess patients undergoing ACLR and to compare the responsiveness between them. It was hypothesized that the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score would be the most commonly used and responsive PROM among patients undergoing ACLR.

Randomized Controlled Trials on Platelet-Rich Plasma for Knee Osteoarthritis Poorly Adhere to the Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO) Guidelines: A Systematic Review.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment for knee osteoarthritis has grown exponentially over the past decade; however, its scientific evaluation is highly variable. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons addressed the need for the standardization of orthobiologics studies by publishing the Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO) guidelines in May 2017. In total, the MIBO guidelines are divided into 12 categories, encompassing 23 checklist items.

Responsiveness of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures After Large Knee Articular Cartilage Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Cartilage transplantation is commonly used to treat large (>4 cm) articular cartilage defects of the knee. The 2 most common transplants are osteochondral allograft transplantation and autologous chondrocyte implantation. Several patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been used to determine the efficacy of treatment, but it is unknown which measures are the most effective.

Case-Based Understanding of the Role of the Scapula in Common Shoulder Pathologies.

Scapular dyskinesis is an extremely common component of shoulder pathology, especially in the overhead athlete; despite its prevalence, proper diagnosis and management of scapular disorders remains an enigma for many clinicians. An understanding of the contribution of the scapula to pathomechanics and clinical symptoms is necessary to optimize both surgical and nonsurgical treatment of shoulder disorders. Without correction of scapular dysfunction, even effective management of the pathoanatomy is unlikely to produce optimal results.

GDF8 inhibition enhances musculoskeletal recovery and mitigates posttraumatic osteoarthritis following joint injury.

Musculoskeletal disorders contribute substantially to worldwide disability. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears result in unresolved muscle weakness and posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal degeneration following ACL injury.

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Randomized Controlled Trials Infrequently Report on the Social Determinants of Health Factors of Their Patient Cohorts.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in orthopaedic sports medicine-related journals reporting on the social determinants of health (SDOH) of their patient cohorts, including factors receiving less attention, such as education level, employment status, insurance status, and socioeconomic status.

Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE database was used to search for RCTs between 2020 and 2022 from 3 high-impact orthopaedic sports medicine-related journals: American Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, and Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. The following information was extracted from each article: age, sex/gender, body mass index, year published, corresponding author country, and self-reported SDOH factors (race, ethnicity, education level, employment status, insurance status, and socioeconomic status).

Prevalence and Predictors of Postoperative Depression and Anxiety After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: Preoperative mood disorders influence postoperative outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR), but the prevalence and risk factors associated with postoperative depression/anxiety development remain unknown. The purposes of this study were to quantify the prevalence of postoperative diagnoses of depression or anxiety following ACLR in patients under the age of 25 and assess the interplay between patient sex and ACL reoperation on the prevalence of a depression or anxiety diagnosis following ACLR.

Methods: ACLR patients under the age of 25 years old were identified in the Truven Healthcare Marketscan database.

International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Is the Most Responsive Patient Reported Outcome Measure After Meniscal Surgery.

Purpose: To report the variability in outcome measures after meniscal surgery and to compare responsiveness between patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A total of 257 studies met inclusion criteria.

Older Age, Female Sex, Anxiety, Substance Use Disorder, Osteoarthritis, Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy, and Opioid Familiarity Are Risk Factors for Prolonged Opioid Use Following Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To determine which preoperative factors are associated with prolonged opioid use after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR).

Methods: The M151Ortho PearlDiver database was queried for patients who underwent MPFLR between 2010 and 2020. Inclusion criteria included patients who underwent MPFLR using Current Procedural Terminology codes 27420, 27422, and 27427 and had a patellar instability diagnosis.

The Top 50 Most Cited Articles on the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL): A Bibliometric Analysis.

Objectives: To determine which original articles on the topic of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) have been cited the most in the literature utilizing a bibliometric approach. Secondarily, to determine temporal trends between article types.

Methods: Articles on the topic of the MPFL were identified by utilizing the Web of Science Database.

Increased Effusion Synovitis for Those With a Dysregulated Inflammatory Response After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.

Introduction The progression to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is likely multifactorial, involving biological, mechanical, and psychosocial factors. Following acute joint trauma, there appears to be a subset of patients that demonstrate a dysregulated inflammatory response. This pro-inflammatory phenotype, or "Inflamma-type," is characterized by an amplified pro-inflammatory response combined with a lack of attendant anti-inflammatory response and has been observed following both an ACL injury and an intra-articular fracture.

Spin in the Abstracts of Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews: Quadriceps Tendon Graft for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Spin is a reporting bias that misrepresents research. Ultimately it can affect surgeon decision making and patient care. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is common, but debate continues over optimal treatment modalities.

Return to Play and Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the National Women's Soccer League.

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is commonly injured in elite-level female athletes, which usually requires ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose: To analyze return to play (RTP) and changes in performance of players in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) after ACLR.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Epidemiological analysis of pediatric baseball and softball concussions in United States emergency departments.

Purpose: To evaluate the epidemiology of concussions in pediatric baseball and softball players. We hypothesized that head-to-ball injuries would be the most common cause of concussions.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was used to gather data.

YouTube Is a Poor-Quality Source for Patient Information Regarding Patellar Dislocations.

Purpose: To evaluate the content and quality of YouTube videos concerning patellar dislocations.

Methods: "Patellar dislocation" and "kneecap dislocation" were searched on the YouTube library. The Uniform Resource Locator of the first 25 suggested videos was extracted, for a total of 50 videos.

Assessment of Video Quality and Reliability of YouTube Videos Regarding Meniscus Tear Rehabilitation.

Introduction: YouTube is an open-source platform where creators can record and upload videos for others to see. As the popularity of YouTube increases, it is being increasingly used for healthcare-related information. However, with the relative ease of uploading videos, the content quality of individual videos is not regulated.