Synthesis of Highly Substituted Oxaboroles from Oxaboranes via a Selective Petasis Borono-Mannich Reaction.

We present a novel and efficient method for the synthesis of highly substituted non-benzofused oxaboroles. Reactions of oxaboranes, morpholine, and salicylaldehyde in toluene heated to 85 °C for 4 h produce the corresponding oxaborole products in yields up to 93%. The process is effective across a diverse substrate scope and can be scaled to produce gram quantities of densely functionalized oxaboroles in excellent yield.

Evaluation of Transmission Near the Christiansen Wavelength for Dynamic Sand Samples.

Many optical applications, including free-space optical communications, lidar, and astronomical measurements, are impacted by the presence of light-scattering particles also known as obscurants. Scattering from particles consisting of sand, dust, dirt, and other substances can significantly degrade optical signals. For many obscurants, the index of refraction is dependent on the wavelength of light, and there exists a Christiansen wavelength (λ) at which scattering is at a minimum.

Oxidative stress and COVID-19-associated neuronal dysfunction: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 virus causes novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and there is a possible role for oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases associated with COVID-19. Excessive oxidative stress could be responsible for the thrombosis and other neuronal dysfunctions observed in COVID-19. This review discusses the role of oxidative stress associated with SARS-CoV-2 and the mechanisms involved.

The Role of Vitamin C in Human Immunity and Its Treatment Potential Against COVID-19: A Review Article.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has left clinicians around the world searching for viable prevention and treatment options to use against the virus. The important physiologic properties of vitamin C have been well documented regarding its use by immune cells and its role as an antioxidant. It has previously shown potential as a prophylactic and treatment option for other respiratory viruses, and because of this, there has been intrigue into whether these positive outcomes translate into a cost-effective prevention and treatment option for COVID-19.

Nickel-Catalyzed Formation of α-Substituted γ-Amino Ketones via Alkene Carboacylation.

Herein, we report Ni-catalyzed intramolecular carboacylation of imides containing a tethered alkene and tetraarylborate nucleophiles. Using a nickel-phosphine catalyst system, α-substituted, γ-amino ketones are generated in up to 92% yield with site selectivity. Deprotection and cyclization of the γ-amino ketone product afforded a cyclic imine in 71% yield, and a stereoselective reduction formed the β-substituted, δ-amino alcohol in 66% yield with 2.

Arid1a loss potentiates pancreatic β-cell regeneration through activation of EGF signaling.

The dynamic regulation of β-cell abundance is poorly understood. Since chromatin remodeling plays critical roles in liver regeneration, these mechanisms could be generally important for regeneration in other tissues. Here, we show that the ARID1A mammalian SWI/SNF complex subunit is a critical regulator of β-cell regeneration.

Glenoid bone augmentation: a contemporary and comprehensive systematic review of open procedures.

Introduction: There is a trend towards arthroscopically treating shoulder instability with glenoid deficiency. Despite this, there remains the option for treatment through an open technique. Multiple bone augmentation options are available for recurrent anterior shoulder instability.

An Assessment of the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on a Level 1 Trauma Center Including Subgroup Analysis of Orthopedic Injuries and Mechanism of Injury.

Background and objective There is a paucity of medical literature describing the preparedness of hospital institutions to withstand the population effects of a pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has had a global impact on all facets of medicine, which has ultimately affected the medical community in a significant manner. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of research regarding the effects of COVID-19 on trauma and acute care surgery injury and admission rates.

Lumbopelvic Muscle Changes Following Long-Duration Spaceflight.

Long-duration spaceflight has been shown to negatively affect the lumbopelvic muscles of crewmembers. Through analysis of computed tomography scans of crewmembers on 4- to 6-month missions equipped with the interim resistive exercise device, the structural deterioration of the psoas, quadratus lumborum, and paraspinal muscles was assessed. Computed tomography scans of 16 crewmembers were collected before and after long-duration spaceflight.

Arid1a Loss Drives Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice Through Epigenetic Dysregulation of Hepatic Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Oxidation.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a rapidly growing cause of chronic liver damage, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. How fatty liver pathogenesis is subject to epigenetic regulation is unknown. We hypothesized that chromatin remodeling is important for the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease.