Capsule release surgery temporarily reduces contracture in a rat elbow model of arthrofibrosis.

Elbow trauma can lead to joint contracture and reduced range of motion (ROM). Nonsurgical interventions can improve ROM, but in some cases capsule release surgery is required. Although surgery can improve ROM, it often does not restore full ROM.

Computed tomography in measuring electrode insertion angle and depth for cricopharyngeal muscle electromyography.

Background: Electromyography of the cricopharyngeal muscle (CP-EMG) is one of many assessment tools for dysphagia. The key to performing EMG and BTX injections is to precisely locate the cricopharyngeal muscle with an electrode. One of the main difficulties of electrode insertion is the fact that the CP muscle is located deep within the neck.

Force-Bioreactor for Assessing Pharmacological Therapies for Mechanobiological Targets.

Tissue fibrosis is a major health issue that impacts millions of people and is costly to treat. However, few effective anti-fibrotic treatments are available. Due to their central role in fibrotic tissue deposition, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the target of many therapeutic strategies centered primarily on either inducing apoptosis or blocking mechanical or biochemical stimulation that leads to excessive collagen production.

Relationship between short-term and mid-term hearing outcomes after stapedotomy in patients with otosclerosis: an investigation.

Background: Although stapedotomy is effective for patients with clinical otosclerosis, the time of hearing stabilization has not yet been consistent.

Objective: To investigate the relationships between post-operative follow-up times, hearing outcomes, and threshold shift after stapedotomy.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-five patients with clinical otosclerosis that underwent stapedotomy were retrospectively studied.

Spectral arc length as a method to quantify pharyngeal high-resolution manometric curve smoothness.

Background: Pharyngeal high-resolution manometry (HRM) has emerged over the last decade as a valuable assessment tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia. Data analysis thus far has focused primarily on measures of pressure and duration within key anatomic regions. We apply spectral arc length (SPARC), a dimensionless metric for quantifying smoothness felt to indirectly reflect neuromuscular coordination, as a new method of describing manometric curves.

Age and Sex Comparison of Aerodynamic Phonation Measurements Using Noninvasive Assessment.

Purpose The goal of this study was to present vocal aerodynamic measurements from pediatric and adult participant pools. There are a number of anatomical changes involving the larynx and vocal folds that occur as children age and become adults. Data were collected using two methods of noninvasive aerodynamic assessment: mechanical interruption and labial interruption.

Simulation of Pediatric Endoscopic Cricoid Reduction and Expansion.

Endoscopic cricoid expansion and reduction are newer approaches to the management of pediatric bilateral vocal fold immobility and postlaryngotracheal reconstruction glottic insufficiency, respectively. These procedures offer a less invasive, endoscopic alternative to procedures that typically required open management with a more prolonged recovery. These technically demanding procedures are currently performed only in select centers, and there is no currently described training model for practicing them.

Retest Reliability for Complete Airway Interruption Systems of Aerodynamic Measurement.

Introduction: Measures of subglottal pressure (Ps), phonation threshold pressure (PTP), and laryngeal resistance (LR) can be used as indicators of vocal cord disorders. The gold standard non-invasive measurement uses labial interruption, which has been shown to have reliability inconsistencies. Mechanical interruption methods have demonstrated promise in measurement reliability.

Measurement Reliability of Laryngeal Resistance and Mean Flow Rate in Pediatric Subjects.

Objective: Mean flow rate (MFR) and laryngeal resistance (R) are sensitive to changes in glottal configuration and biomechanics. There is little reported on aerodynamic parameters in children. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate MFR and R measurement reliability in a pediatric population using labial and mechanical interruption methods.

Measurement reliability of phonation threshold pressure in pediatric subjects.

Objectives/hypothesis: Phonation threshold pressure (PTP), the minimum subglottal pressure (P ) required for phonation, is sensitive to changes in laryngeal biomechanics and is often elevated with pathology. Little is reported on PTP in children; challenges with task performance and measurement reliability represent barriers to routine clinical assessment.

Study Design: Pilot study evaluating PTP and P measurement reliability in children using labial and mechanical interruption.