Relative contributions of the supraspinatus cord and strap tendons to shoulder abduction and translation.

Background: The supraspinatus (SS) is formed by a larger anterior bipennate muscle with a cord-like tendon and a posterior unipennate muscle with a strap-like tendon. There is a tendinous connection between the 2 SS subunits. Yet, the relative mechanical contribution of the SS cord and SS strap musculotendinous units to load transmission and subsequent shoulder abduction force is unknown.

The pathoanatomy of atraumatic partial distal biceps tears: a cadaveric study.

Background: Partial distal biceps tears can occur in the short and/or long heads, leading to forearm pain and weakness. Yet, the pathoanatomy of atraumatic and traumatic partial tears are not understood. The goals of this study are to determine the distal biceps partial tear frequency and tear pattern in a cohort of cadaveric specimens.