Outcomes of HIV Positive Children and Adolescents Initiated on Antiretroviral Treatment in Nigeria (2007-2016).

This manuscript aimed to examine treatment outcomes of HIV-positive children and adolescents. We retrospectively analyzed data of a sample of patients aged 0-19 years who initiated ART (October 2007-September 2016) in participating sites in 30 states and the Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria. Among 4006 patients alive at the end of the follow up period, 138 (3.

Increasing pediatric HIV testing positivity rates through focused testing in high-yield points of service in health facilities-Nigeria, 2016-2017.

Background: In 2017, UNAIDS estimated that 140,000 children aged 0-14 years are living with HIV in Nigeria, but only 35% have been diagnosed and are receiving antiretroviral therapy. Children are tested primarily in outpatient clinics, which show low HIV-positive rates. To demonstrate efficient facility-based HIV testing among children aged 0-14 years, we evaluated pediatric HIV-positivity rates in points of service in select health facilities in Nigeria.

Effect of HIV-1 Serostatus on the Prevalence of Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia Among Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and Plasmodium falciparum malaria are 2 of the gravest health threats in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple repeat infections with the malaria parasite as seen in endemic areas are necessary to develop specific malaria immunity. HIV is an immunosuppressive virus and in children aged <5 years, development of malaria-specific immunity may be impaired and malaria parasite clearance in theory will be delayed; hence the predisposition to increased incidence of asymptomatic malaria or severe malaria.

Referral and previous care of children with meningitis in Nigeria: implications for the presentation and outcome of meningitis in developing countries.

There is a paucity of data on the referral of children with meningitis in developing countries, and on the relationship of presentation and outcome to previous care. Referral and previous care were investigated in 281 post-neonatal children treated in two tertiary centres. Data were obtained through the review of referral notes from orthodox health facilities, interview of parents/guardians and review of admission notes.