Real-world treatment patterns, survival outcomes, and health care resource utilization for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in Spain.

Purpose: Real-world evidence on locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) management in Spain is limited. This study describes patient characteristics, treatment patterns, survival, and health care resource utilization (HCRU) in this population.

Methods/patients: This retrospective observational study included all adults with a first diagnosis/record of la/mUC (index date) from January 2015 to June 2020 at nine university hospitals in Spain.

Narrative review of value frameworks in urothelial carcinoma and positioning of enfortumab vedotin.

Aims: Evaluate existing oncology value frameworks in terms of their methodology, structure, characteristics, and functionality using the example of enfortumab vedotin, an approved therapy for urothelial carcinoma.

Methods: A search of PubMed, grey literature, and official websites of relevant international organizations was performed from January 2022 to March 2023.

Results: Six frameworks were identified and analyzed, including the American Society of Clinical Oncology's assessment framework, European Society for Medical Oncology's Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's Evidence Blocks, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center's DrugAbacus, Institute for Clinical and Economic Review's assessment framework, and the Drug Assessment Framework.

Economic Impact Associated with Patients with Overactive Bladder on Drug Treatment with Mirabegron or Antimuscarinics in Spain.

Objective: To assess the economic impact associated with overactive bladder (OAB) patients, treated with mirabegron or antimuscarinics (AM) in Spain, over a 12-month period.

Methods: A probabilistic model (second-order Monte Carlo simulation) was used in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 patients with OAB and a time horizon of 12 months. The use of resources was obtained from the retrospective observational study MIRACAT that included 3330 patients with OAB.

Impact of free access to leisure facilities and community outreach on inequalities in physical activity: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: There are large inequalities in levels of physical activity in the UK, and this is an important determinant of health inequalities. Little is known about the effectiveness of community-wide interventions to increase physical activity and whether effects differ by socioeconomic group.

Methods: We conducted interrupted time series and difference-in-differences analyses using local administrative data and a large national survey to investigate the impact of an intervention providing universal free access to leisure facilities alongside outreach and marketing activities in a deprived local authority area in the northwest of England.

Parental risk attitudes and children's academic test scores: evidence from the US panel study of income dynamics.

Using a sequence of questions from the 1996 US Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), we explore the implications of interpersonal differences in parent's attitudes towards risk for the academic test scores of their children focusing on information drawn from the 1997 Child Development Supplement of the PSID. In addition, we explore whether parental risk preference influences whether the child subsequently attends college. Our findings suggest that a parent's degree of risk aversion is inversely related to the academic test scores of their children as well as being inversely related to the probability of attending college post high school.