Parents with periodontitis drive the early acquisition of dysbiotic microbiomes in their offspring.

Aim: To evaluate the microbial colonization in different dentition phases on individuals from 0 to 18 years of age belonging to families with a history of periodontitis compared to descendants of periodontally healthy parents.

Materials And Methods: The offspring of subjects with periodontitis ('Perio' group) and the offspring of periodontally healthy subjects ('Healthy' group), matched for gender and age, were included in this cross-sectional study and divided according to the dentition phase: pre-dentate, primary, mixed and permanent. The patients were clinically assessed, and their saliva was collected.

Early Manifestation of Periodontal Disease in Children and Its Association with Familial Aggregation.

Aggressive periodontitis is a disease that causes severe destruction of periodontal tissues, showing early development and rapid progression in both primary and permanent dentitions. Due to familial aggregation, children of parents with periodontitis are considered to be at higher risk for disease occurrence, which suggests that they should be evaluated and monitored as early as possible. The purpose of this case report is to describe aspects related to early diagnosis of periodontitis in two children and their relationship with the parent's periodontal condition, exploring the familial component as a crucial factor that can lead to an early diagnosis and better clinical management in their offspring.

Subgingival endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid modulate cytokine production in diabetic subjects: A Case-control Study.

Background: Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) are highly prevalent and interrelated diseases, resulting in altered host response microbiota. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of DM on local levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and their relationship with cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases' (MMPs) profile.

Methods: This case-control study included diabetic (n = 15) and non-diabetic (n = 15) subjects presenting Stage 3-4, Grade C, Periodontitis.

Triclosan toothpaste as an adjunct therapy to plaque control in children from periodontitis families: a crossover clinical trial.

Objectives: Studies have demonstrated that children from aggressive periodontitis (AgP) parents presented precocious alterations in their periodontal condition, and the use of chemical agents in association to plaque control could be useful to control these alterations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Triclosan toothpaste to modulate the clinical and subgingival condition in children from AgP parents.

Methods: Fifteen children from AgP parents and 15 from periodontally healthy parents were included in this crossover placebo study.

Novel 20% doxycycline-loaded PLGA nanospheres as adjunctive therapy in chronic periodontitis in type-2 diabetics: randomized clinical, immune and microbiological trial.

Objective: This study evaluated the clinical, microbiological, and immunological results of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanospheres containing 20% doxycycline (DOXY) in the treatment of type-2 diabetic patients (DM-2) with chronic periodontitis (CP).

Material And Methods: A parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in DM-2 presenting severe and generalized CP. All patients received one-stage full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) and they were randomly divided into two groups: PLAC (n = 20)-local application of placebo PLGA nanospheres, and DOXY (n = 20)-local application of doxycycline-loaded nanospheres; both in six non-contiguous sites.

Two different antibiotic protocols as adjuncts to one-stage full-mouth ultrasonic debridement to treat generalized aggressive periodontitis: A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: To assess the clinical and microbiological responses of amoxicillin + metronidazole (AMX + MET) versus clarithromycin (CLM) as adjuncts to one-stage full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP).

Methods: For this parallel, double-masked, pilot randomized clinical trial, 46 patients with GAgP were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: AMX+MET group (n = 23): FMUD associated with AMX (500 mg three times a day) and MET (400 mg three times a day) for 7 days; and CLM group (n = 23): FMUD associated with CLM (500 mg twice a day) for 7 days. Clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline, 3, and 6 months post-treatment.

Assessment of fractal dimension and panoramic radiomorphometric indices in women with celiac disease.

Objectives: To assess the panoramic radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension in women with celiac disease.

Methods: The sample consisted of 20 women with celiac disease and 20 healthy women (control group). The mandibular cortical index classification, panoramic mandibular index, mental index, and fractal dimension were evaluated on panoramic radiographs.

Outcomes of choledochal cysts with or without intrahepatic involvement in children after extrahepatic cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.

Background: Type I and type IV-A choledochal cysts (CC) in Todani's classification are the most frequent types of CC. Unlike type I cyst, in which the dilatation is confined to the extrahepatic bile duct, type IV-A affects both extra and intrahepatic ducts.

Aim: To review our experience of complete cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for the treatment of type I and type IV-A CC in childhood, in order to better characterize these entities.

Adams-Oliver syndrome and portal hypertension: fortuitous association or common mechanism?

Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is a rare condition defined by combination of cutis aplasia and transverse limb abnormalities. Some authors have described a possible association between this syndrome and portal hypertension (PH) due to hepatoportal sclerosis (HPS). We present a boy with AOS who developed a progressive splenomegaly and hypersplenism at the age of 2 months, and was admitted for acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) at the age of 9 months.

Very long gap esophageal atresia successfully treated by esophageal lengthening using external traction sutures.

Esophageal atresia with a 6-cm gap or longer and a very short distal segment represents the extreme of this disorder's spectrum, the treatment of which can be challenging. Very often, several surgical procedures have to be carried out to maintain the patient's own esophagus. The authors report on a child born with isolated esophageal atresia without fistula and a very long gap (8.