Publications by authors named "Aurelie Stephan"
Article Synopsis
- * Key findings showed that higher scores on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the presence of insomnia symptoms were associated with a greater risk of developing MDD, with specific hazard ratios calculated for both factors.
- * Notably, men with increased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep had a higher MDD incidence, while women with higher delta power in their sleep showed a lower incidence, indicating gender differences in how sleep affects depression risk.
Sleepwalking and related parasomnias result from incomplete awakenings out of non-rapid eye movement sleep. Behavioral episodes can occur without consciousness or recollection, or in relation to dream-like experiences. To understand what accounts for these differences in consciousness and recall, here we recorded parasomnia episodes with high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and interviewed participants immediately afterward about their experiences.
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- Sleep misperception is when people think they didn't sleep much, even though their sleep was normal according to tests.
- Good sleepers usually know how long they actually slept, while some people with insomnia often think they slept less than they did.
- Recent studies show that people with insomnia might have different brain activity patterns during sleep that make them feel awake, especially during the REM sleep stage.
Whole-night sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) is plagued by several types of large-amplitude artifacts. Common approaches to remove them are fraught with issues: channel interpolation, rejection of noisy intervals, and independent component analysis are time-consuming, rely on subjective user decisions, and result in signal loss. Artifact Subspace Reconstruction (ASR) is an increasingly popular approach to rapidly and automatically clean wake EEG data.
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- Insomnia and hypersomnia are considered indicators of major depressive disorder (MDD) subtypes, but this study aimed to see if these sleep changes can be objectively measured using polysomnography (PSG).
- A total of 1820 participants underwent PSG and psychiatric interviews to determine their MDD subtype, with linear regression analysis used to identify sleep measure associations.
- Results showed that current melancholic MDD was linked to lower delta power and sleep efficiency, as well as more nighttime awakenings, while remitted unspecified MDD was associated with higher rapid eye movement density, suggesting distinct sleep patterns across MDD subtypes.
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the relationship between sleep spindles (brain activity during sleep) and various psychiatric disorders, particularly focusing on schizophrenia (SZ) and other disorders with psychotic symptoms.
- Researchers recorded sleep patterns in 1,037 participants, measuring sleep spindle parameters to compare those with schizophrenia against individuals with schizoaffective disorders and bipolar disorder types I and II.
- Findings revealed that individuals with schizophrenia had reduced sleep spindle density and duration, while those with manic symptoms displayed distinct spindle characteristics, suggesting that sleep spindle deficits may serve as a biomarker for schizophrenia and differ across disorders.
Study Objectives: Sleepwalking, confusional arousals, and sleep terrors are parasomnias occurring out of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Several previous studies have described EEG changes associated with NREM parasomnia episodes, but it remains unclear whether these changes are specific to parasomnia episodes or whether they are part of the normal awakening process. Here we directly compared regional brain activity, measured with high-density (hd-) EEG, between parasomnia episodes and normal awakenings (without behavioral manifestations of parasomnia).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat accounts for feeling deeply asleep? Standard sleep recordings only incompletely reflect subjective aspects of sleep and some individuals with so-called sleep misperception frequently feel awake although sleep recordings indicate clear-cut sleep. To identify the determinants of sleep perception, we performed 787 awakenings in 20 good sleepers and 10 individuals with sleep misperception and interviewed them about their subjective sleep depth while they underwent high-density EEG sleep recordings. Surprisingly, in good sleepers, sleep was subjectively lightest in the first 2 h of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, generally considered the deepest sleep, and deepest in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
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