Objectives: To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability.
Methods: This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system.
Background: Effectiveness of disease-modifying treatment (DMT) in people affected by primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is limited. Whether specific subgroups may benefit more from DMT in a real-world setting remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the potential effect of DMT on disability worsening among patients with PPMS stratified by different disability trajectories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Currently, there are no available recommendations or guidelines on how to perform MRI monitoring in the management of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). The issue is to determine a valuable MRI monitoring protocol to be applied in the management of NMOSD and MOGAD, as previously proposed for the monitoring of multiple sclerosis.
Objectives: The objectives of this work are to establish proposals for a standardized and feasible MRI acquisition protocol, and to propose control time points for systematic MRI monitoring in the management of NMOSD and MOGAD.
Background: We hypothesized that differences in access to disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) could explain the association between socioeconomic status and disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between education level and DMT use in France.
Methods: All patients from OFSEP network with MS onset over 1996-2014 and aged ⩾ 25 years at onset were included.
Background: Studies have reported an association between socioeconomic status and disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS), but findings using the pre-MS individual socioeconomic status are missing.
Objective: The objective was to investigate the association between education level and disability progression.
Methods: All Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (OFSEP) patients with MS clinical onset over 1960-2014, and aged ⩾25 years at MS onset were included.
Background: Smartphones and wearables are revolutionizing the assessment of cognitive and motor function in neurological disorders, allowing for objective, frequent, and remote data collection. However, these assessments typically provide a plethora of sensor-derived measures (SDMs), and selecting the most suitable measure for a given context of use is a challenging, often overlooked problem.
Objective: This analysis aims to develop and apply an SDM selection framework, including automated data quality checks and the evaluation of statistical properties, to identify robust SDMs that describe the cognitive and motor function of people with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Lancet Reg Health Eur
September 2024
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system and a major cause of neurological disability in young adults. Its prevalence and incidence are increasing, and it has been estimated at over 2.8 million cases worldwide, in addition to recent trends towards a shift in MS prevalence to older ages, with peak prevalence estimates in the sixth decade of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Neurosarcoidosis (NS) is a systemic inflammatory granulomatous disease affecting of patients with sarcoidosis. Its diagnosis is difficult as there is no specific test for it. Because of its rarity, the management of NS has so far only been described in case series and short retrospective cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The Konectom™ smartphone-based cognitive processing speed (CPS) test is designed to assess processing speed and account for impact of visuomotor function on performance.
Objective: Evaluate reliability and validity of Konectom CPS Test, performed in clinic and remotely.
Methods: Data were collected from people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) aged 18-64 years and healthy control participants (HC) matched for age, sex, and education.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
May 2024
Background And Objectives: Thalamic atrophy can be used as a proxy for neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Some data point toward thalamic nuclei that could be affected more than others. However, the dynamic of their changes during MS evolution and the mechanisms driving their differential alterations are still uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and spinal MRIs are often obtained in children with the radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) for diagnosis and prognosis. Factors affecting the frequency and timing of these tests are unknown.
Objective: To determine whether age or sex were associated with (1) having CSF or spinal MRI obtained or (2) the timing of these tests.
Background: The gynaecological care of women with Multiple Sclerosis has received little attention; most reports focussed on pregnancy or sexuality. The objective of the present study was to evaluate if gynaecological follow-up for women of reproductive age with Multiple Sclerosis was adequate.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study on a large cohort of women with Multiple Sclerosis aged 18-40 years.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
November 2023
Background And Objectives: Natalizumab, a monoclonal humanized antibody targeting integrin α4, inhibits the transmigration of lymphocytes into the CNS by preventing the interaction of integrin α4β1 with V-CAM expressed on brain vascular endothelial cells. Although natalizumab treatment reduces the clinical relapse rate in patients with relapsing-remitting MS, its discontinuation after reactivation of the JC virus is associated with a rebound of the disease in 20% of patients. The mechanisms of this rebound are not elucidated, but natalizumab increases the frequencies of circulating CD4 T cells expressing proinflammatory cytokines as well as the proportion of circulating Th17/Th1 cells (Th1-like Th17 cells).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Exit strategies such as de-escalations have not been evaluated for rituximab in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). We hypothesized that they are associated with disease reactivations and aimed to estimate this risk.
Methods: We describe a case series of real-world de-escalations from the French NMOSD registry (NOMADMUS).
The radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) was defined in 2009 as the presence of asymptomatic, incidentally identified demyelinating-appearing white matter lesions in the CNS within individuals lacking symptoms typical of multiple sclerosis (MS). The RIS criteria have been validated and predict the transition to symptomatic MS reliably. The performance of RIS criteria that require fewer MRI lesions is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Ocrelizumab (OCR), a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is highly efficient in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS). We assessed early cellular immune profiles and their association with disease activity at treatment start and under therapy, which may provide new clues on the mechanisms of action of OCR and on the disease pathophysiology.
Methods: A first group of 42 patients with an early RR-MS, never exposed to disease-modifying therapy, was included in 11 centers participating to an ancillary study of the ENSEMBLE trial (NCT03085810) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of OCR.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
April 2023
Background: To characterise the response to treatment of inaugural optic neuritis (ON) in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).
Methods: We searched the French MOGAD database for adults with inaugural ON with a detailed report of acute treatment modalities and measures of high-contrast best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at nadir and after 3 months. Predictors of visual outcomes were assessed by multivariable analysis.
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