Sensitivity shift of the meta-metabolome and photosynthesis to the chemical stress in periphyton between months along one year and a half period: Case study of a terbuthylazine exposure.

Despite the knowledge of the effects of contaminants on periphyton, information is limited about their natural fluctuations in sensitivity to chemical stress between various months. In particular, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms associated with sensitivity of photosynthesis and its fluctuations remain poorly described. To tackle this lack of knowledge, meta-metabolomics offers a comprehensive picture of the sensitive molecular response preceding the physiological impact.

Management of oligometastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common type of cancer worldwide. It is mainly discovered in a locally advanced stage, but it is estimated that 40% of recurrences after the treatment of the primary disease will be in a metastatic form, with one third being oligometastatic. There is no clear consensus regarding the treatment of oligometastatic HNSCC, whether it being local treatment, systemic treatment or a combination of both.

Experimental testing of two urban stressors on freshwater biofilms.

Aquatic ecosystems and their communities are exposed to numerous stressors of various natures (chemical and physical), whose impacts are often poorly documented. In urban areas, the use of biocides such as dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (DDBAC) and their subsequent release in wastewater result in their transfer to urban aquatic ecosystems. DDBAC is known to be toxic to most aquatic organisms.

Impact of urban pollution on freshwater biofilms: Oxidative stress, photosynthesis and lipid responses.

Urban ecosystems are subjected to multiple anthropogenic stresses, which impact aquatic communities. Artificial light at night (ALAN) for instance can significantly alter the composition of algal communities as well as the photosynthetic cycles of autotrophic organisms, possibly leading to cellular oxidative stress. The combined effects of ALAN and chemical contamination could increase oxidative impacts in aquatic primary producers, although such combined effects remain insufficiently explored.

Lipids as biomarkers to assess the nutritional and physiological status of two diadromous fish (Anguilla anguilla and Chelon auratus) at early life stages in a temperate macrotidal estuary.

Estuaries are considered as key habitats for the early life stages of fish. However, in the face of massive destruction of many estuarine intertidal areas, management and conservation measures are needed. Fish condition indicators may be used as a proxy of habitat quality and provide valuable information for management of coastal areas.

Dissipation of pesticides by stream biofilms is influenced by hydrological histories.

To evaluate the effects of hydrological variability on pesticide dissipation capacity by stream biofilms, we conducted a microcosm study. We exposed biofilms to short and frequent droughts (daily frequency), long and less frequent droughts (weekly frequency) and permanently immersed controls, prior to test their capacities to dissipate a cocktail of pesticides composed of tebuconazole, terbuthylazine, imidacloprid, glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid. A range of structural and functional descriptors of biofilms (algal and bacterial biomass, extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) concentration, microbial respiration, phosphorus uptake and community-level physiological profiles) were measured to assess drought effects.

Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of five phospholipid classes in various matrices.

Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, can be used to separate and determine various polar lipid classes. The development of an HILIC chromatographic separation of several molecular species among five phospholipid classes (PC, PE, PG, PI and PS) is reported here. In this method, a gradient with acetonitrile and 40 mM ammonium acetate buffer was employed.

Metabolomics insight into the influence of environmental factors in responses of freshwater biofilms to the model herbicide diuron.

Freshwater biofilms have been increasingly used during the last decade in ecotoxicology due to their ecological relevance to assess the effect(s) of environmental stress at the community level. Despite growing knowledge about the effect of various stressors on the structure and the function of these microbial communities, a strong research effort is still required to better understand their response to chemical stress and the influence of environmental stressors in this response. To tackle this challenge, untargeted metabolomics is an approach of choice because of its capacity to give an integrative picture of the exposure to multiple stress and associated effect as well as identifying the molecular pathways involved in these responses.

The combination of chemical, structural, and functional indicators to evaluate the anthropogenic impacts on agricultural stream ecosystems.

Freshwater contamination by pesticides in agricultural landscapes is of increasing concern worldwide, with strong pesticide impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and ultimately human health (drinking water, fishing). In addition, the excessively large number of substances, as well as their low - and temporally variable - concentrations in water, make the chemical monitoring by grab sampling very demanding and not fully representative of the actual contamination. Tools that integrate temporal variations and that are ecologically relevant are clearly needed to improve the monitoring of freshwater contamination and assess its biological effects.

Subchronic Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos Affects Swimming Activity of Rainbow Trout Larvae.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphorous pesticide, can be found in aquatic ecosystems at concentrations of up to several hundred nanograms per liter because of water runoff from treated crops. While some studies have shown that low concentrations of CPF may have adverse effects on aquatic species, comparatively little is known about its effect on fish embryos and larvae. To investigate the developmental effects of CPF, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eyed-stage embryos were exposed in semistatic conditions to 0.

Impact of the corticosteroid indication and administration route on overall survival and the tumor response after immune checkpoint inhibitor initiation.

Background: Based on their indications, systemic corticosteroids appear to negatively affect clinical outcomes in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-treated patients. There are few data on the influence of topical and inhaled corticosteroids on the ICIs' effectiveness.

Methods: In a single-center study, we retrospectively investigated the impact of systemic corticosteroids according to their indication [an immune-related adverse event (irAE) or another indication] on overall survival (OS) and the tumor response in all consecutive patients after initiation of ipilimumab, nivolumab or pembrolizumab over a 9-year period.

Resensitization to Nivolumab after Intratumoral Chemotherapy in Recurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer: A Report of 2 Cases.

The survival of patients with head and neck squamous cancer with locoregional recurrence is short if salvage surgery or radiation cannot be performed. Systemic chemotherapy based on platinum salts and cetuximab produces only partial and transient responses. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (i.

Use of diatom motility features as endpoints of metolachlor toxicity.

Many recent ecotoxicological studies suggest a relationship between freshwater contamination and increasing abundances of motile diatoms (potentially able to move). The capacity to escape would present advantages to species in polluted environments. However, actual motility as a response to toxicants had not been described and required experimental validation.

Can POCIS be used in Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) monitoring networks? A study focusing on pesticides in a French agricultural watershed.

In this study, the main current limitations in the application of the Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) in regulatory monitoring programmes were evaluated. POCIS were exposed from March to December by successive periods of 14 days in the River Trec (Lot et Garonne, France) and analysed for 34 pesticides. The study of the uncertainty related to the POCIS data was performed and we concluded that it might be up to 138%, which is higher than European Union requirements but this issue was adequately counterbalanced by the gain of temporal representativeness.

Optimization of the polar organic chemical integrative sampler for the sampling of acidic and polar herbicides.

This paper presents an optimization of the pharmaceutical Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS-200) under controlled laboratory conditions for the sampling of acidic (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), acetochlor oxanilic acid, bentazon, dicamba, mesotrione, and metsulfuron) and polar (atrazine, diuron, and desisopropylatrazine) herbicides in water. Indeed, the conventional configuration of the POCIS-200 (46 cm(2) exposure window, 200 mg of Oasis® hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) receiving phase) is not appropriate for the sampling of very polar and acidic compounds because they rapidly reach a thermodynamic equilibrium with the Oasis HLB receiving phase. Thus, we investigated several ways to extend the initial linear accumulation.

Environmental effects of realistic pesticide mixtures on natural biofilm communities with different exposure histories.

This study deals with the use of Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) extracts to assess the impact of low-dose pesticide mixtures on natural biofilm communities originating from either a chronically contaminated or a reference field site. To investigate how natural biofilm communities, pre-exposed to pesticides in situ or not might respond to environmentally realistic changes in pesticide pressure, they were exposed to either clean water or to POCIS extracts (PE) in order to represent toxic pressure with a realistic pesticide mixture directly isolated from the field. The impacts of PE were assessed on structure, physiology and growth of biofilms.