in C3H/HeN mice: A model for studying pathogen-host interactions.

An infection with the tick-borne has been associated with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in humans, but patients are only seldomly reported. Understanding its disease etiology necessitates well-stablished infection models, improving to recognize and diagnose patients with infection and facilitating the development of effective control strategies. In this study, we used C3H/HeN mice as a model to establish infection, achieving a high infection prevalence (89-100 %).

Co-infection dynamics of and TBEV in C3H mice: insights and implications for future research.

Ticks are important vectors of disease, particularly in the context of One Health, where tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are increasingly prevalent worldwide. TBDs often involve co-infections, where multiple pathogens co-exist in a single host. Patients with chronic Lyme disease often have co-infections with other bacteria or parasites.

Age- and Sex-Associated Pathogenesis of Cell Culture-Passaged Kemerovo Virus in IFNAR Mice.

Kemerovo virus (KEMV) is a tick-borne orbivirus transmitted by ticks of the genus . Previous animal experimentation studies with orbiviruses, in particular the interferon receptor double knock-out (IFNAR) mouse model, did not indicate bias that is related to age or sex. We endeavoured to assess the effect of serial and alternated passages of KEMV in mammalian or cells on virus replication and potential virulence in male or female IFNAR mice, with important age differences: younger males (4-5 months old), older males (14-15 months old), and old females (14-15 months old).

Exploring the Susceptibility of C3H Mice to Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection: Implications for Co-Infection Models and Understanding of the Disease.

Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are increasingly recognized as a critical One Health concern. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a severe neuro infection caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), has emerged as a significant global public health threat. Laboratory animals, particularly mice, have played a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of TBD pathogenesis.

Evaluation of Vector Competence of Ticks for Kemerovo Virus.

Tick-borne viruses are responsible for various symptoms in humans and animals, ranging from simple fever to neurological disorders or haemorrhagic fevers. The Kemerovo virus (KEMV) is a tick-borne orbivirus, and it has been suspected to be responsible for human encephalitis cases in Russia and central Europe. It has been isolated from and ticks.

Evaluation of two artificial infection methods of live ticks as tools for studying interactions between tick-borne viruses and their tick vectors.

Up to 170 tick-borne viruses (TBVs) have been identified to date. However, there is a paucity of information regarding TBVs and their interaction with respective vectors, limiting the development of new effective and urgently needed control methods. To overcome this gap of knowledge, it is essential to reproduce transmission cycles under controlled laboratory conditions.

Molecular identification of Trichinella species by multiplex PCR: new insight for Trichinella murrelli.

In order to identify Trichinella at the species level, the commonly used test is a multiplex PCR, allowing the discrimination of nine out of the twelve taxa described so far. This test is based on five primer pairs amplifying fragments of the large subunit rDNA. Each taxon produces one or two bands of different sizes, resulting in a specific band pattern.

Freeze-tolerance of Trichinella muscle larvae in experimentally infected wild boars.

Freeze-tolerance of encapsulated Trichinella muscle larvae (ML) is mainly determined by Trichinella species, but is also influenced by host species, the age of the infection and the storage time and temperature of the infected meat. Moreover, the freeze-tolerance of the encapsulated species appears to be correlated to the development of thick capsule walls which increases with age. An extended infection period and the muscle composition in some hosts (e.