Human Serum, Following Absorption of Fish Cartilage Hydrolysate, Promotes Dermal Fibroblast Healing through Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Proteins.

: Marine collagen peptides (MCPs) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been described as potential wound-healing (WH) agents. Fish cartilage hydrolysate (FCH) is a natural active food ingredient obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis which combines MCPs and GAGs. Recently, the clinical benefits of FCH supplementation for the skin, as well as its mode of action, have been demonstrated.

Evolutionarily conserved ovarian fluid proteins are responsible for extending egg viability in salmonid fish.

In contrast to most fishes, salmonids exhibit the unique ability to hold their eggs for several days after ovulation without significant loss of viability. During this period, eggs are held in the body cavity in a biological fluid, the coelomic fluid (CF) that is responsible for preserving egg viability. To identify CF proteins responsible for preserving egg viability, a proteomic comparison was performed using 3 salmonid species and 3 non-salmonid species to identify salmonid-specific highly abundant proteins.

A PI(3,5)P2 reporter reveals PIKfyve activity and dynamics on macropinosomes and phagosomes.

Phosphoinositide signaling lipids (PIPs) are key regulators of membrane identity and trafficking. Of these, PI(3,5)P2 is one of the least well-understood, despite key roles in many endocytic pathways including phagocytosis and macropinocytosis. PI(3,5)P2 is generated by the phosphoinositide 5-kinase PIKfyve, which is critical for phagosomal digestion and antimicrobial activity.

Zn Intoxication of Mycobacterium marinum during Dictyostelium discoideum Infection Is Counteracted by Induction of the Pathogen Zn Exporter CtpC.

Macrophages use diverse strategies to restrict intracellular pathogens, including either depriving the bacteria of (micro)nutrients such as transition metals or intoxicating them via metal accumulation. Little is known about the chemical warfare between , a close relative of (Mtb), and its hosts. We use the professional phagocyte to investigate the role of Zn during infection.

Coordinated Ras and Rac Activity Shapes Macropinocytic Cups and Enables Phagocytosis of Geometrically Diverse Bacteria.

Engulfment of extracellular material by phagocytosis or macropinocytosis depends on the ability of cells to generate specialized cup-shaped protrusions. To effectively capture and internalize their targets, these cups are organized into a ring or ruffle of actin-driven protrusion encircling a non-protrusive interior domain. These functional domains depend on the combined activities of multiple Ras and Rho family small GTPases, but how their activities are integrated and differentially regulated over space and time is unknown.

PIKfyve/Fab1 is required for efficient V-ATPase and hydrolase delivery to phagosomes, phagosomal killing, and restriction of Legionella infection.

By engulfing potentially harmful microbes, professional phagocytes are continually at risk from intracellular pathogens. To avoid becoming infected, the host must kill pathogens in the phagosome before they can escape or establish a survival niche. Here, we analyse the role of the phosphoinositide (PI) 5-kinase PIKfyve in phagosome maturation and killing, using the amoeba and model phagocyte Dictyostelium discoideum.

Functions of the LIMP-2 and CD36 homologues in bacteria uptake, phagolysosome biogenesis and host cell defence.

Phagocytic cells take up, kill and digest microbes by a process called phagocytosis. To this end, these cells bind the particle, rearrange their actin cytoskeleton, and orchestrate transport of digestive factors to the particle-containing phagosome. The mammalian lysosomal membrane protein LIMP-2 (also known as SCARB2) and CD36, members of the class B of scavenger receptors, play a crucial role in lysosomal enzyme trafficking and uptake of mycobacteria, respectively, and generally in host cell defences against intracellular pathogens.

Dictyostelium EHD associates with Dynamin and participates in phagosome maturation.

Proteins that contain Eps15 homology domains (EHDs) in their C-terminus are newly identified key regulators of endosomal membrane trafficking. Here, we show that D. discoideum contains a single EHD protein (referred to as EHD) that localizes to endosomal compartments and newly formed phagosomes.

WASH is required for lysosomal recycling and efficient autophagic and phagocytic digestion.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homologue (WASH) is an important regulator of vesicle trafficking. By generating actin on the surface of intracellular vesicles, WASH is able to directly regulate endosomal sorting and maturation. We report that, in Dictyostelium, WASH is also required for the lysosomal digestion of both phagocytic and autophagic cargo.

The balance in the delivery of ER components and the vacuolar proton pump to the phagosome depends on myosin IK in Dictyostelium.

In Dictyostelium, the cytoskeletal proteins Actin binding protein 1 (Abp1) and the class I myosin MyoK directly interact and couple actin dynamics to membrane deformation during phagocytosis. Together with the kinase PakB, they build a regulatory switch that controls the efficiency of uptake of large particles. As a basis for further functional dissection, exhaustive phagosome proteomics was performed and established that about 1300 proteins participate in phagosome biogenesis.

Role of magnesium and a phagosomal P-type ATPase in intracellular bacterial killing.

Bacterial ingestion and killing by phagocytic cells are essential processes to protect the human body from infectious microorganisms. However, only few proteins implicated in intracellular bacterial killing have been identified to date. We used Dictyostelium discoideum, a phagocytic bacterial predator, to study intracellular killing.

Transforming acidic coiled-coil 3 and Aurora-A interact in human thyrocytes and their expression is deregulated in thyroid cancer tissues.

Aurora-A kinase has recently been shown to be deregulated in thyroid cancer cells and tissues. Among the Aurora-A substrates identified, transforming acidic coiled-coil (TACC3), a member of the TACC family, plays an important role in cell cycle progression and alterations of its expression occur in different cancer tissues. In this study, we demonstrated the expression of the TACC3 gene in normal human thyroid cells (HTU5), and its modulation at both mRNA and protein levels during cell cycle.