Increased basic fibroblast growth factor in plasma from multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: relation to pituitary tumor.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by tumors of the parathyroids, pancreatic islets, and anterior pituitary. We previously reported a basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-like substance in the plasma of subjects with MEN1. In the present study we used a novel sensitive specific 2-site immunoradiometric assay to test for bFGF in plasma.

Allelic loss from chromosome 11 in parathyroid tumors.

Parathyroid tumors may occur in a sporadic fashion or, more rarely, as part of a familial syndrome (such as familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type I). The MENI gene has been mapped by linkage analysis to chromosome 11 at band q11-q13, and presumably acts as a tumor suppressor gene. In the present study, which is an extension of our previous studies, we examined 41 parathyroid tumors from patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type I and 61 sporadic parathyroid tumors with markers on chromosome 11, to assess the extent of allelic loss in those tumors.

[Evoked otoacoustic emissions in adults. Criteria for evaluation in clinical use].

The work here presents the first part of a prospective study regarding the clinical use of evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) in adults. Sixty subjects with normal hearing and 160 patients suffering from cochlear hearing loss were tested. The results were used to develop and optimize analysis criteria for the emissions, based on their physical properties.

[Minimally invasive surgery of sinugenic orbital complications in childhood].

Orbital complications of acute sinusitis are classified into inflammatory edema, orbital cellulitis, subperiostal abscess and orbital abscess. The diagnosis is based on endoscopy of the nose, computed tomography of sinuses and orbit and an ophthalmological examination. Endonasal sinus surgery improves drainage and ventilation of sinuses and is free of long-term complications as observed with previous surgical techniques.

Results of a multidisciplinary strategy for management of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma as a cause of persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.

Persistent primary hyperparathyroidism due to mediastinal parathyroid adenoma was effectively treated by either angiographic ablation or median sternotomy in this study of 49 patients managed at the National Institutes of Health since 1977. Each patient presented here with symptomatic persistent primary hyperparathyroidism after failed initial surgical procedures done at other institutions. Each patient underwent extensive parathyroid localization procedures, including selective angiography, and most had a parathyroid adenoma localized to the mediastinum.

A prospective study of hyperlipidemia as a pathogenic factor in sudden hearing loss.

The pathogenic role of hyperlipidemia in sudden hearing loss (SHL) was examined in a prospective study. Twenty-five patients (14 males, 11 females; age range, 23-59 years) with a first event of SHL (group I) were compared with 9 patients (4 males, 5 females; age range, 28-86 years) with a repeated event of SHL (group II). Audiological examination revealed different types of SHL in group I vs group II: high-frequency loss, 76% vs 22%; low-frequency loss, 12% vs 22%; pancochlear hearing loss, 12% vs 56%.

[Surgical anatomy of the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery in the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus. An anatomic study of the cranial base].

The optic nerve and the internal carotid artery lying in the cavernous sinus contact the bony wall of the sphenoid sinus, and can easily be injured during surgery. The maxillary sinus, the sphenoid sinus and the ethmoid cells were opened on both sides during ten resections of the skull base. After removing the bony part of the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus the following measurements were performed: the distance between the optic nerve and the frontal dura; the distance between the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery; the length and width of the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery in the area contacting the bony wall of the sphenoid sinus.

Heterogeneous size of the parathyroid glands in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Objective: We wished to determine whether there was size heterogeneity of the parathyroid glands in patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (FMEN1) and primary hyperparathyroidism.

Design: At the National Institutes of Health we performed a retrospective analysis of parathyroid gland volume either from initial or repeat parathyroid exploration.

Patients: We studied subjects with FMEN1 and primary hyperparathyroidism.

[Endonasal, endoscopic-microscopic control of the decompression of the optic nerve. An anatomic endoscopic presentation of the operation].

The indication for decompression of the optic nerve after indirect trauma is made both by the ophthalmologist and the ENT-surgeon. The ENT-surgeon usually reaches and decompresses the optic canal by a transethmoidal-transsphenoidal route. The majority of authors prefer the transfacial approach to the ethmoid including resection of the crossing plane comprising the frontal process of the maxilla, the ethmoid, the lacrimal and the frontal bone.

Natriuretic peptide receptors regulate endothelin synthesis and release from parathyroid cells.

Cloned rat parathyroid cells (PTr cell line) that produce parathyroid hormone-related peptide plus endothelin 1 and primary cultures of human parathyroid cells were tested for growth and differentiation responses to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). High- and low-affinity binding sites for ANP were found on PTr cells; BNP appeared to bind to the same receptors with similar affinities. Either ANP or BNP stimulated production of cGMP and caused a 30% decrease in Na(+)-K(+)-Cl- cotransport.

[Pseudotumor of the hypopharynx and other primary diseases in the head and neck region in HIV infections. A case report and review of the literature].

The present article describes a pseudotumor of the hypopharynx, and deteriorating breathing and swallowing in a 72-year-old man. The pseudotumor was due to advanced HIV-infection and is the first such case to be described. Additionally, the article reviews the literature concerning otorhinolaryngeal diseases as primary manifestations of HIV infection.

Endothelin as an autocrine factor in the regulation of parathyroid cells.

Endothelin, originally purified from porcine aortic endothelial cells, is widely distributed in tissues and is recognized as a product of epithelial cells, glial cells, and neurons in addition to endothelial cells. We found evidence by mRNA content and immunoreactivity that this peptide is synthesized in rat parathyroid epithelial cells (PT-r cells) and bovine parathyroid chief cells. The peptide synthesized by PT-r cells comigrated with synthetic endothelin 1 in reverse-phase HPLC and was diluted out in radioimmunoassay in parallel with the synthetic peptide.

Identification of heparan sulfate proteoglycan as a high affinity receptor for acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) in a parathyroid cell line.

We have characterized two high affinity acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) receptors in a rat parathyroid cell line (PT-r). Affinity labeling with 125I-aFGF showed that these two receptors, apparent molecular masses, 150 and 130 kDa, respectively, display higher affinity for aFGF than for bFGF. The 150-kDa receptor bears a heparan sulfate chain(s), demonstrated by a decrease in size of 15-20 kDa with heparitinase digestion after affinity labeling.

Allelic loss on chromosome 11 in hereditary and sporadic tumors related to familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (FMEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by tumors of the parathyroid glands, pancreatic islets, and anterior pituitary. The gene for this disease maps to chromosome 11q12-11q13, and allelic loss in this region has been shown in both sporadic and FMEN1-related parathyroid tumors. FMEN1-related pancreatic islet tumors, and rarely in sporadic anterior pituitary tumors.

Locally recurrent parathyroid neoplasms as a cause for recurrent and persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.

Between 1982 and 1989, 145 patients underwent operations for persistent or recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). At re-exploration, 15 patients (10.3%) were found to have locally recurrent parathyroid tumors (11 patients with adenoma and 4 with carcinoma).

Topographical anatomy of the internal auditory canal. Implications for functional surgery in the cerebello-pontine angle.

For exposure of the cerebello-pontine angle by an enlarged middle-fossa approach without destruction of the inner ear, bone removal anterior and posterior to the internal auditory meatus (c.a.i.

[Therapy of ozena].

This paper reports on surgical therapy of ozena. Hydroxylapatite was implanted under the mucosa of the nasal septum and the floor of the nasal cavity in four patients with ozena. In five patients the nostrils were totally closed by the method of Young.

Establishment and characterization of a clonal line of parathyroid endothelial cells.

We have isolated endothelial cells derived from bovine parathyroid tissue. These cells have been cloned and maintained by serial passage for more than 40 months without showing signs of senescence. Prolonged culture was accomplished by using a medium favoring endothelial cell growth and methods for enriching endothelial cells in primary culture.

Extracellular calcium regulates distribution and transport of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in a rat parathyroid cell line.

The regulation of the cellular distribution of proteoglycans in a clonal rat parathyroid cell line by extracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]e) was studied. Proteoglycans synthesized by the cells metabolically labeled with [35S]sulfate have been shown to be almost exclusively heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (Yanagishita, M., Brandi, M.

Genetic abnormalities in sporadic parathyroid adenomas.

We analyzed genomic DNA from 43 sporadic benign parathyroid adenomas for rearrangements of the PTH gene, and for point mutations of the H-ras (codons 12, 13, and 61), N-ras (codons 12, 13, and 61), and K-ras (codons 12 and 13) genes. One of 43 parathyroid adenomas showed a chromosome 11 rearrangement involving both the PTH gene on the short arm of chromosome 11 (at band p15) and a locus on the long arm (11q13). This rearrangement was indistinguishable from one that was previously described in a parathyroid adenoma by Arnold et al.

Subclones of a rat parathyroid cell line (PT-r): regulation of growth and production of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHRP).

Four subclones from a rat parathyroid cell line (PT-r cell) have been isolated, and morphological and functional characteristics have been examined. Subclones 1 and 2 display a polygonal shape, show growth and secretory responses to calcium (half-maximal suppressions at 1.2 and 1.

["Sudden deafness" in childhood and adolescence. Symptoms, therapy and prognosis--a retrospective study].

Fourteen children and adolescents aged between four and 17 years with genuine sudden hearing loss were analyzed in a retrospective study. The symptoms of hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo were similar to those found in adults. The study's findings suggest that younger children particularly below the age of 14, will not suffer from these symptoms.

Circulating fibroblast growth factor-like substance in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent endothelial cell mitogen found in a variety of normal and tumor tissues. Basic FGF lacks a classical signal sequence, and it is not clear how it is released from cells. bFGF or bFGF-like activity has not been previously demonstrated in plasma.

Clonal rat parathyroid cell line expresses a parathyroid hormone-related peptide but not parathyroid hormone itself.

A novel parathyroid hormone-related peptide has been identified in tumors associated with the syndrome of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Subsequently, mRNAs encoding this peptide have been found to be expressed in a number of normal tissues, including the parathyroids. Using Northern blotting, RNase protection, and immunochemical techniques, we examined a clonal rat parathyroid cell line originally developed as a model system for studying parathyroid cell physiology.