Microbiome succession on the pomegranate phylloplane during bacterial blight dysbiosis: Functional implications for blight suppression.

Bacterial blight of pomegranate caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae poses significant challenges to sustainable cultivation, necessitating eco-friendly management strategies, and this study explores the role of the phylloplane microbiome in disease suppression through metabarcoding, traditional microbiology, and antibacterial screening of microbial candidates. Here, we mapped the phylloplane microbiome of pomegranate cultivar 'Bhagwa' during bacterial blight development using metabarcoding sequencing (2443,834 reads), traditional microbiological methods (nutrient-rich and minimal media), and scanning electron microscopy.

Comparative analysis of stomatal characteristics and Erysiphe necator (Schw.) Burrill resistance in diverse Vitis sp.

Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe necator poses a major challenge for grapevine cultivation. This study investigates how stomatal and structural traits influence resistance to this pathogen across diverse Vitis genotypes. Microscopic analysis revealed significant variations in stomatal characteristics.

Variation and functional profile of gut bacteria in the scarab beetle, Anomala dimidiata, under a cellulose-enriched microenvironment.

This study utilized cultivable methods and 16 S amplicon sequencing to compare taxonomic profiles and functional potential of gut bacteria in the scarab beetle, Anomola dimidiata, under cellulose-enriched conditions. Eight culturable cellulolytic gut bacteria were isolated from the midgut and hindgut of the scarab larvae, respectively. 16 S amplicon sequencing evinced that the most represented taxonomic profiles at phylum level in the fermentation chamber and midgut were Bacillota (71.

Genome-wide characterization of the NBLRR gene family provides evolutionary and functional insights into blast resistance in pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone).

The investigation is the first report on genome-wide identification and characterization of NBLRR genes in pearl millet. We have shown the role of gene loss and purifying selection in the divergence of NBLRRs in Poaceae lineage and candidate CaNBLRR genes for resistance to Magnaporthe grisea infection. Plants have evolved multiple integral mechanisms to counteract the pathogens' infection, among which plant immunity through NBLRR (nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat) genes is at the forefront.

Deciphering the Genomic Landscape and Virulence Mechanisms of the Wheat Powdery Mildew Pathogen f. sp. Wtn1: Insights from Integrated Genome Assembly and Conidial Transcriptomics.

A high-quality genome sequence from an Indian isolate of f. sp. Wtn1, a persistent threat in wheat farming, was obtained using a hybrid method.

Biochemical and Molecular Basis of Chemically Induced Defense Activation in Maize against Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight Disease.

Maize is the third most vital global cereal, playing a key role in the world economy and plant genetics research. Despite its leadership in production, maize faces a severe threat from banded leaf and sheath blight, necessitating the urgent development of eco-friendly management strategies. This study aimed to understand the resistance mechanisms against banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) in maize hybrid "Vivek QPM-9".

Microbial ensemble in the hives: deciphering the intricate gut ecosystem of hive and forager bees of Apis mellifera.

Background: The gut microbiome of honey bees significantly influences vital traits and metabolic processes, including digestion, detoxification, nutrient provision, development, and immunity. However, there is a limited information is available on the gut bacterial diversity of western honey bee populations in India. This study addresses the critical knowledge gap and outcome of which would benefit the beekeepers in India.

Hydroxamate siderophores secreted by plant endophytic Pseudomonas putida elicit defense against blast disease in rice incited by Magnaporthe oryzae.

Our study focuses on hydroxamate-type siderophores from Pseudomonas putida BP25, known for chelating ferric iron and aiding microbial growth in iron-deficient environments. Confirmed through CAS-agar and tetrazolium tests, a purified siderophore extract was obtained via ion-exchange chromatography. Applying varying concentrations of this siderophore to rice seedlings demonstrated concentration-dependent effects on shoot and root phenotypes.

Rice foliar-adapted Pantoea species: Promising microbial biostimulants enhancing rice resilience against foliar pathogens, Magnaporthe oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Foliar fungal blast and bacterial leaf blight have significant impacts on rice production, and their management through host resistance and agrochemicals has proven inadequate. To achieve their sustainable management, innovative approaches like leveraging the foliar microbiome, which collaborates with plants and competes against pathogens, are essential. In our study, we isolated three Pantoea strains (P.

Enhancing defense against rice blast disease: Unveiling the role of leaf endophytic firmicutes in antifungal antibiosis and induced systemic resistance.

Rice remains the primary staple for more than half of the world's population, yet its cultivation faces numerous challenges, including both biotic and abiotic stresses. One significant obstacle is the prevalence of rice blast disease, which substantially diminishes productivity and increases cultivation costs due to frequent fungicide applications. Consequently, the presence of fungicide residues in rice raises concerns about compliance with international maximum residue limits (MRLs).

Unraveling the transcriptional network regulated by miRNAs in blast-resistant and blast-susceptible rice genotypes during Magnaporthe oryzae interaction.

The plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae poses a significant threat to global food security, and its management through the cultivation of resistant varieties and crop husbandry practices, including fungicidal sprays, has proven to be inadequate. To address this issue, we conducted small-RNA sequencing to identify the roles of miRNAs and their target genes in both resistant (PB1637) and susceptible (PB1) rice genotypes. We confirmed the expression of differentially expressed miRNAs using stem-loop qRT-PCR analysis and correlated them with rice patho-phenotypic and physio-biochemical responses.

Fine-scale mapping of the microbiome on phylloplane and spermoplane of aromatic and non-aromatic rice genotypes.

Adaxial, abaxial phylloplane (leaf), and spermoplane (seed) are proximal yet contrasting habitats for a microbiota that needs to be adequately explored. Here, we proposed novel methods to decipher the adaxial/abaxial-phylloplane and spermoplane-microbiomes. Comparison of 22 meta barcoded-NGS datasets (size of total data set-1980.

New Insights on Endophytic -Assisted Blast Disease Suppression and Growth Promotion in Rice: Revelation by Polyphasic Functional Characterization and Transcriptomics.

Plant growth-promoting endophytic microbes have drawn the attention of researchers owing to their ability to confer fitness benefits in many plant species. Here, we report agriculturally beneficial traits of rice-leaf-adapted endophytic . Our polyphasic taxonomic investigations revealed its identity as .

In Vitro and In Planta Antagonistic Effect of Endophytic Bacteria on Blight Causing Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae: A Destructive Pathogen of Pomegranate.

Pomegranate bacterial blight caused by pv. () is a highly destructive disease. In the absence of host resistance to the disease, we aimed to evaluate the biocontrol potential of endophytic bacteria against .

Cell wall polysaccharides of endophytic Pseudomonas putida elicit defense against rice blast disease.

Aims: To characterize the functional role of extracellular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from endophytic Pseudomonas putida BP25 (PpBP25) against rice blast.

Methods And Results: We profiled the transcriptome of endobacterized rice seedlings using RNA-seq. Fluorescence imaging of interaction between Magnaporthe:: gfp and P.

Rice leaf endophytic : Antifungal actinobacterium confers immunocompetence against rice blast disease.

Genetic and functional characteristics of rice leaf endophytic actinobacterial member, are described. Morphotyping, multilocus sequence analysis and transmission electron microscopy indicated the species identity of the endophytic bacterium, OsEnb-ALM-D18, as . The endophytic showed probiotic solubilization of plant nutrients/minerals, produced hydrolytic enzyme/phytohormones, and showed endophytism in rice seedlings.

Diversity of Antimicrobial Peptide Genes in Bacillus from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Untapped Island Microbial Diversity for Disease Management in Crop Plants.

Taxonomic and functional characterization of a total of 90 bacterial isolates representing bulk and rhizosphere soils of diverse niches of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India were carried out. Twelve bacterial isolates were found promising for the biological suppression of agriculturally important fungal and bacterial plant pathogens such as Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Structured Framework and Genome Analysis of Inciting Pearl Millet Blast Disease Reveals Versatile Metabolic Pathways, Protein Families, and Virulence Factors.

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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Fungal Pathogen to Understand Pathogenicity Behavior on Resistant and Susceptible Non-CMS Maize Genotypes.

is pathogen of maize which causes maydis leaf blight disease. In India major losses occur due to the race "O" pathogen, whereas in other parts of the world, major losses are due to the race "T" pathogen. In the present study, we conducted an transcriptomics study of the race "O" pathogen after infection on non-CMS maize resistant and susceptible genotypes by mRNA sequencing to understand the molecular basis of pathogenicity for better management of the pathogen.

Pangenomics in Microbial and Crop Research: Progress, Applications, and Perspectives.

Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools have fueled a renewed interest in whole genome sequencing efforts in many organisms. The growing availability of multiple genome sequences has advanced our understanding of the within-species diversity, in the form of a pangenome. Pangenomics has opened new avenues for future research such as allowing dissection of complex molecular mechanisms and increased confidence in genome mapping.

Integrated Metabarcoding and Culturomic-Based Microbiome Profiling of Rice Phyllosphere Reveal Diverse and Functional Bacterial Communities for Blast Disease Suppression.

Phyllosphere-the harsh foliar plant part exposed to vagaries of environmental and climatic variables is a unique habitat for microbial communities. In the present work, we profiled the phyllosphere microbiome of the rice plants using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (hereafter termed metabarcoding) and the conventional microbiological methods (culturomics) to decipher the microbiome assemblage, composition, and their functions such as antibiosis and defense induction against rice blast disease. The blast susceptible rice genotype (PRR78) harbored far more diverse bacterial species (294 species) than the resistant genotype (Pusa1602) that showed 193 species.

Hybrid de novo genome-reassembly reveals new insights on pathways and pathogenicity determinants in rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae RMg_Dl.

Blast disease incited by Magnaporthe oryzae is a major threat to sustain rice production in all rice growing nations. The pathogen is widely distributed in all rice paddies and displays rapid aerial transmissions, and seed-borne latent infection. In order to understand the genetic variability, host specificity, and molecular basis of the pathogenicity-associated traits, the whole genome of rice infecting Magnaporthe oryzae (Strain RMg_Dl) was sequenced using the Illumina and PacBio (RSII compatible) platforms.

Genome assisted molecular typing and pathotyping of rice blast pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae, reveals a genetically homogenous population with high virulence diversity.

Genome sequence-driven molecular typing tools have the potential to uncover the population biology and genetic diversity of rapidly evolving plant pathogens like Magnaporthe oryzae. Here, we report a new molecular typing technique -a digitally portable tool for population genetic analysis of M. oryzae to decipher the genetic diversity.