Chronic exposure to low concentration of diflubenzuron and pyriproxyfen induces brain oxidative stress and inflammation and alters locomotion in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Diflubenzuron (DFB) and pyriproxyfen (PPF) are pesticides widely used in agriculture and urban environments to control insect actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic 30-day exposure to DFB (0.025 and 0.

Evaluation of the Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity in Zebrafish (): A Comparative Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare diet-induced obesity (DIO) models in zebrafish and investigate the complications and differences between sexes in biochemical and inflammatory parameters.

Methods: Adult animals of both sexes were divided into four groups ( = 50) and fed for eight weeks: control group 1: sp. (15-30 mg/day/fish); control group 2: commercial fish food (3.

Use of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) for Biosafety Evaluation of Strontium Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite.

Despite the numerous studies on biocompatibility with nano-biomaterials, the biological effects of strontium-substituted HA nanoparticles (nSrHA) need to be better understood. So, we conducted an embryotoxicity test using zebrafish (Danio rerio) according to the OECD 236 guideline, a model that represents a viable alternative that bridges the gap between in vitro and mammalian models. Zebrafish embryos were exposed for 120 h to microspheres containing nSrHA nanoparticles with low and high crystallinity, synthesized at temperatures of 5°C (nSrHA5) and 90°C (nSrHA90).

Multigenerational effects of alcohol: A behavioral study in three zebrafish populations.

Fetal alcohol exposure can result in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), which encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral impairments. Although zebrafish have been used as a reliable model to study FASD, little is known about the ontogeny of this disorder and population differences in subsequent generations not directly exposed to alcohol. In this study, we evaluated the behavioral outcomes of zebrafish populations AB, Outbred (OB), and Tubingen (TU), offspring of parents exposed to alcohol during embryonic development.

Embryotoxic Effects of Pesticides in Zebrafish (): Diflubenzuron, Pyriproxyfen, and Its Mixtures.

Diflubenzuron (DFB) and pyriproxyfen (PPF) are larvicides used in crops to control insect plagues. However, these pesticides are known to impact non-target organisms like fish and mammals. Here, we aimed at assessing the embryotoxicity of purified DFB, PPF, and their mixtures in a non-target organism-zebrafish.

Are hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials free of genotoxicity? A systematic review.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biomaterial widely used in clinical applications and pharmaceuticals. The literature on HA-based materials studies is focused on chemical characterization and biocompatibility. Generally, biocompatibility is analyzed through adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation assays.

Photocatalytic effect of N-TiO conjugated with folic acid against biofilm-forming resistant bacteria.

Antibiotic resistance challenges the treatment of bacterial biofilm-related infections, but the use of nanoparticles as a treatment is a promising strategy to overcome bacterial infections. This study applied nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO) conjugated with folic acid (FA) on biofilm-forming resistant bacteria. The photocatalytic effect of TiO nanoparticles (NPs) was studied under ultraviolet (UV), visible light, and dark conditions at 60, 120, and 180 min against planktonic cells and biofilms of , methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and TiO NPs were in the anatase phase, spherical shaped with sizes of 10-13 nm, and effectively doped and conjugated with N and FA.

Assessment of acute toxicity of crude extract rich in carotenoids from Cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo L.) and the gelatin-based nanoparticles using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model.

Cantaloupe melon is known for its carotenoid-rich orange pulp. However, carotenoids are sensitive to oxygen, light, and heat, potentially reducing their benefits. Nanoencapsulation can preserve these benefits but raises concerns about toxicity.

Quantifying physiological trait variation with automated hyperspectral imaging in rice.

Advancements in hyperspectral imaging (HSI) together with the establishment of dedicated plant phenotyping facilities worldwide have enabled high-throughput collection of plant spectral images with the aim of inferring target phenotypes. Here, we test the utility of HSI-derived canopy data, which were collected as part of an automated plant phenotyping system, to predict physiological traits in cultivated Asian rice (). We evaluated 23 genetically diverse rice accessions from two subpopulations under two contrasting nitrogen conditions and measured 14 leaf- and canopy-level parameters to serve as ground-reference observations.

The synthetic dye malachite green found in food induces cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in four different mammalian cell lines from distinct tissuesw.

Malachite green (MG) is a synthetic dye that uses ranges from its application as a tissue dye to that as an antiparasitic in aquaculture. Several studies have reported the presence of this compound in food dyes and in the meat of fish raised in captivity for human consumption, suggesting risks both for the end user and for as those who handle these products because of MG toxic properties described in the literature. Here we evaluated the cytotoxic and genotoxic profiles of MG in four different cell lines (ACP02, L929, MNP01, and MRC-5).

Individual differences in response to alcohol and nicotine in zebrafish: Gene expression and behavior.

Alcohol and nicotine are psychoactive substances responsible for serious health consequences. Although the biological mechanisms of alcohol and nicotine have been studied extensively, individual differences in the response to these drugs have received little attention. Here we evaluated gene expression and behavior of bold and shy individuals after acute exposure to alcohol and nicotine.

Surgical resection therapy of a rare presentation of persistent Mullerian duct syndrome: a case review.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS) is an extremely rare disease with less than 300 cases recorded in medical literature. Our patient was a 37 year old male who presented at the medical office with hematospermia as his sole complaint. He had previously undergone left orchidopexy and presented with hypotrophic left testicle and right testicle agenesis.

Benzophenone-3 causes oxidative stress in the brain and impairs aversive memory in adult zebrafish.

Oxybenzone (BP-3) is an ultraviolet (UV) filter widely used in industries that is directly or indirectly released into the aquatic environment. However, little is known about its effects on brain performance. Here, we investigated whether BP-3 exposure affects the redox imbalance in zebrafish and how they respond to a task that requires memory of an aversive situation.

Long-term behavioral alterations following embryonic alcohol exposure in three zebrafish populations.

Fetal alcohol exposure may lead to a condition known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), which comprises a set of consequences, including cognitive and behavioral impairments. Although zebrafish has been applied as a reliable model for studying FASD, there is no approach to the disorder's ontogeny and population differences. Here, we evaluated the behavioral outcomes of AB, Outbred (OB), and Tübingen (TU) zebrafish populations embryonically exposed to alcohol throughout the development to the adult stage.

Classifying cadmium contaminated leafy vegetables using hyperspectral imaging and machine learning.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can accumulate in edible plant tissues and negatively impact human health. Traditional Cd quantification methods are time-consuming, expensive, and generate a lot of toxic waste, slowing development of methods to reduce uptake. The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and machine learning (ML) can be used to predict Cd concentrations in plants using kale () and basil () as model crops.

Embryotoxicity and visual-motor response of functionalized nanostructured hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biomaterial widely used in biomedical applications. Many studies have shown that ionic substituents can be incorporated into HA to produce a mineral composition more similar to natural bone tissue with more favorable biological characteristics for application in bone regeneration. However, its potentially toxic effects need to be evaluated before full approval for human use.

Chromosomal Diversification in Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences.

is a genus of Neotropical fish with eight valid species, in addition to numerous lineages not formally identified. It occurs along the Amazon and Tocantins River basins, in Suriname and in the Guiana shield. There are no karyotypic data in the literature for species of this genus.

Chromosomal Diversification in Species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) Inferred From Repetitive Sequence Analysis.

The genus has extensive chromosomal diversity among species, including heteromorphic sex chromosomes occurrence. However, studies have been shown that chromosomal diversity may still be underestimated. Repetitive sequences represent a large part of eukaryotic genomes, associated with mechanisms of karyotypic diversification, including sex chromosomes evolution.

4D Structural root architecture modeling from digital twins by X-Ray Computed Tomography.

Background: Breakthrough imaging technologies may challenge the plant phenotyping bottleneck regarding marker-assisted breeding and genetic mapping. In this context, X-Ray CT (computed tomography) technology can accurately obtain the digital twin of root system architecture (RSA) but computational methods to quantify RSA traits and analyze their changes over time are limited. RSA traits extremely affect agricultural productivity.

(Gymnotiformes, Teleostei): First insights into karyotype and repetitive DNA distribution in two populations of the Amazon.

, one of the five genera of Neotropical freshwater fish of the family Sternopygidae (Gymnotiformes), was long considered a monotypic genus represented by . Currently, it consists of six species, most of them occurring in the Amazon region. There are no cytogenetic data for species of this genus.

Comparative Cytogenetics Analysis Among Species (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Insights on Karyotype Evolution and Biogeography in the Amazon Region.

is widely distributed genus in the Amazon and Orinoco basins and the Guiana Shield, containing 18 valid species, and distinct morphotypes still needing description in the scientific literature due to its great taxonomic complexity. This study performed a comparative chromosomal analysis of two undescribed species ( sp. 3 Jarumã and sp.

Leveraging high-throughput hyperspectral imaging technology to detect cadmium stress in two leafy green crops and accelerate soil remediation efforts.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that can accumulate in soils and negatively impact crop as well as human health. Amendments like biochar have potential to address these challenges by reducing Cd bioavailability in soil, though reliance on post-harvest wet chemical methods to quantify Cd uptake have slowed efforts to identify the most effective amendments. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a novel technology that could overcome this limitation by quantifying symptoms of Cd stress while plants are still growing.

High-Throughput Corn Image Segmentation and Trait Extraction Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence Images.

Plant segmentation and trait extraction for individual organs are two of the key challenges in high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) operations. To address this challenge, the Ag Alumni Seed Phenotyping Facility (AAPF) at Purdue University utilizes chlorophyll fluorescence images (CFIs) to enable consistent and efficient automatic segmentation of plants of different species, age, or color. A series of image analysis routines were also developed to facilitate the quantitative measurements of key corn plant traits.

Ultrastructural analysis of bone formation around dental implants in nondiabetic rats, severe diabetics not controlled and controlled with insulin.

Purpose: To evaluate bone formation through ultrastructural analysis around titanium implants in severe alloxanic uncontrolled diabetic rats, and controlled with insulin, in comparison with nondiabetic rats.

Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, weighing between 200 and 300 g, divided into three experimental groups: normal control group (G1), a diabetic group without treatment (G2), and a diabetic group treated with insulin (G3). The animals received titanium implants in the right femur, and osseointegration was evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery, through ultrastructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy.