Processed Food Consumption and Sleep Quality in School-Aged Children: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between processed food consumption and sleep quality among school-aged children.

Methods: Our sample consisted of 137 children, with 52.6% being girls with a mean age of 7.

Associations between sleep opportunity, sleep problems, and social jetlag and toddlers' adiposity: A cross-sectional study.

This study aims to analyze the associations between sleep characteristics, including sleep opportunity, problems and social jetlag, and toddlers' adiposity. It is part of a larger research project involving 344 children (mean ± SD age of 23.6 ± 6.

Are health protective behaviors promoted by anticipated regret?

Several factors influence the adoption of health-protective behaviors, including anticipatory affective reactions like regret. The ability to anticipate regret matures with age, allowing individuals to make increasingly risk-averse decisions. This study examined the relationship between age and the adoption of health-protective behaviors to limit the spread of a virus from adolescence to adulthood, and the mediating effect of anticipated regret.

Effectiveness of a health promotion program on overweight in vulnerable children from primary schools (BeE-school): A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease with rising global prevalence. Considering its significant association with lower socioeconomic status, implementing obesity prevention programs in vulnerable school-age children is particularly pertinent. This cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion program on overweight in vulnerable children from primary schools.

Differences in withdrawal symptoms, microglia activity, and cognitive functioning in rats exposed to continuous low-dose heroin in-utero.

Introduction: Opioid use during pregnancy and subsequent neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) have been associated with poor developmental outcomes including cognitive functioning. Less is known about the underlying molecular effects of prenatal opioid exposure and subsequent withdrawal; however, given the recent increase in NOWS cases, there is a pressing need to better understand these effects, which may partially explain cognitive deficits that have been observed in both preclinical NOWS models and patients with NOWS. This study evaluated the effects of prenatal heroin exposure and subsequent precipitated withdrawal symptoms on microglial reactivity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), dorsal hippocampus (HC), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in rat neonates, as well as cognitive functioning at three developmental time points using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) task.

Health Literacy and Its Association with the Adoption of the Mediterranean Diet: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Health literacy (HL) is a crucial factor influencing health-related decisions, including dietary patterns. The Mediterranean diet is widely recognized as one of the healthiest eating patterns. This study aims to explore the association between HL levels among adults in socially vulnerable contexts and their adoption of the Mediterranean diet.

The Development of a Rapid, Cost-Effective, and Green Analytical Method for Mercury Speciation.

Mercury is a naturally occurring metal found in various inorganic and organic forms within the environment. Due to its high toxicity, there is global concern regarding human exposure to this element. The combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) is commonly used to analyze the different forms of mercury in a sample due to its high sensitivity and ability to selectively detect mercury.

A Simple, Ecofriendly, and Fast Method for Nitrate Quantification in Bottled Water Using Visible Spectrophotometry.

There are many works associating the presence of nitrate in water and the occurrence of cancer in humans. The most common method for quantifying nitrate in water is based on the use of toxic cadmium as a reductant. In this work, a new approach was developed for the quantification of nitrate in bottled water with indirect spectrophotometry using Zn as a reductant.

The Role of Parental Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Family Time Together in Children's Weight Status: The BeE-School Project.

The family context has been associated with children's weight status. This study aims to investigate the association of parents' adherence to the Mediterranean diet and family time with the weight status of children. The research is part of BeE-school, a cluster-randomized trial implemented in primary schools located in socially vulnerable contexts.

Cannabidiol-Derived Cannabinoids: The Unregulated Designer Drug Market Following the 2018 Farm Bill.

Background: In this review, we summarize current scientific knowledge on psychoactive cannabinoids synthesized from cannabidiol (CBD) and sold in the semi-legal market established in response to the passage of the US Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, commonly known as the 2018 Farm Bill. The discussion focuses on recent developments that suggest this unregulated market may be fertile ground for a potential health crisis.

Summary: Current research into CBD-derived cannabinoids is mainly limited to Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) products, with some recent publications beginning to explore O-acetyl-THC, a term describing the acetate ester of Δ-THC or Δ-THC, and its potential pulmonary toxicity.

The impact of a health promotion program on toddlers' socio-emotional development: a cluster randomized study.

Background: The first 3 years of life are a critical period for the development of socio-emotional skills, highlighting the importance of socio-emotional development in early childhood. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion intervention program on the socio-emotional development of children aged 12 to 42 months during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A total of 344 children from 15 childcare centers participated in this study, with six centers in the intervention group and nine in the control group.

Neurodevelopment and Dietary Intake in Toddlers-A Cross-Sectional Study from the Healthy Children 2021 Project.

Little is known about the potential associations between neurodevelopment, dietary diversity and food processing in the toddler period. This study aimed to estimate the association between these dietary quality dimensions and neurodevelopment in toddlers. Data for this cross-sectional analysis came from the Healthy Children 2021 project and included 212 toddlers (51.

Is the association between sleep and socio-emotional development mediated by weight in toddlers aged 12 to 36 months?

Introduction: Childhood is an important stage for socio-emotional development. Understanding the associations of lifestyle habits with the healthy development of social and emotional skills is crucial for better interventions early in life. This study aims to analyze the association between sleep and socio-emotional development in toddlers aged 12 to 36 months and examine whether weight mediated these associations.

Drilling into "Quality by Design" Approach for Analytical Methods.

The need for consistency in analytical method development reinforces the dependence of pharmaceutical product development and manufacturing on robust analytical data. The Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD), akin to the product Quality by Design (QbD) endows a high degree of confidence to the method quality developed. AQbD involves the definition of the analytical target profile as starting point, followed by the identification of critical method variables and critical analytical attributes, supported on risk assessment and design of experiment tools for the establishment of a method operable design region and control strategy of the method.

Pharmacological Action of Atorvastatin and Metformin on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on an Experimental Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent cause of chronic liver disease in the world. It is known that there is a pathogenic relation between liver damage and the inflammatory and oxidative environment present in Metabolic Syndrome (MS).

Objective: To study the pharmacological action of atorvastatin and metformin in an experimental model of MS.

Infodemic Preparedness and COVID-19: Searching about Public Health and Social Measures Is Associated with Digital Health Literacy in University Students.

Unlabelled: We aimed to evaluate the associations between information searching about public health and social measures (PHSM) and university students' digital health literacy (DHL) related to the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and COVID-19.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,084 Portuguese university students (75.7% females), with an average age of 24.

Reconstructed Human Epidermis: An Alternative Approach for In Vitro Bioequivalence Testing of Topical Products.

The use of in vitro human skin permeation tests is of value when addressing the quality and equivalence of topical drug products in Europe and the US. Human skin is the membrane of choice for these studies. The use of human skin as a membrane is hindered by limited access, high variability of results, and limited applicability for drugs with low skin permeability.

Adaptation and validation of the Digital Health Literacy Instrument for Portuguese university students.

Background: Health literacy is an important skill to deal with information and positively influences individual and community health. Information concerning health is available from a plethora of online resources. The concept of digital health literacy has gained prominence with the pandemic.

Shaping ability of reciprocating and rotary systems in oval-shaped root canals: a microcomputed tomography study.

This study compared the shaping ability of single-file reciprocating (WaveOne Gold) and multifile rotary (Mtwo) systems on mandibular oval-shaped canine root canals, using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty mandibular canines were scanned by micro-CT and assigned to one of two groups (n=15) according to the system used for root canal preparation: WaveOne Gold or Mtwo. After preparation, the teeth were rescanned, and the percentage of untouched canal area, apical transportation and centering ability were analyzed.

Volatile Metabolism of Wine Grape Trincadeira: Impact of Infection with .

The aroma of grapes is cultivar dependent and is influenced by , vineyard practices, and abiotic and biotic stresses. Trincadeira is a non-aromatic variety associated with low phenolic content and high sugar and organic acid levels. This cultivar, widely used in Portuguese wines, presents high susceptibility to .

Epidemiological analysis of hysterectomies performed at the public health system in the largest Brazilian city.

Objective: To analyze the public data of hysterectomies performed in the only health system in the city of São Paulo between 2008 and 2018.

Methods: The following public health system data were extracted and analyzed: age, technique, number of surgeries, mortality during hospitalization, length of stay in the establishment (days), and amounts paid by the public network.

Results: A total of 20,119 procedures were analyzed.

Fast, simple and cheap: method modified from conventional cultivation for tuberculosis diagnosis allows seeding on Löwenstein-Jensen of any swab-embedded pulmonary samples decontaminated with sodium hydroxide.

Background: Few tuberculosis (TB) control programmes in low-income countries have access to culture facilities in their primary care diagnostic centres and this scenario may have worsened with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Thus the aim was to develop and evaluate a simpler TB test that allows seeding on Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium of several swab-embedded samples decontaminated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Methods: A cotton swab containing each sample was decontaminated in NaOH before being dipped into a slightly acidic solution to neutralize the pH in order to allow the culture to develop on LJ medium.