Multiomic molecular patterns of lipid dysregulation in a subphenotype of sepsis with higher shock incidence and mortality.

Background: Lipids play a critical role in defense against sepsis. We sought to investigate gene expression and lipidomic patterns of lipid dysregulation in sepsis.

Methods: Data from four adult sepsis studies were analyzed and findings were investigated in two external datasets.

Socioeconomic status influences participation in cancer prehabilitation and preparation for surgical recovery: A pooled retrospective analysis using a validated area-level socioeconomic status metric.

Background: Prehabilitation employs exercise, nutrition, and psychological interventions to optimize physiological status in preparation for surgery. First, we described the extent to which material deprivation index score (MDIS) influenced prehabilitation participation. Second, we evaluated the extent to which prehabilitation influenced recovery as compared to control.

Is surgery needed for displaced olecranon fractures in patients aged 75 years or over?

Background: For displaced olecranon fractures, surgery is the standard of care in young adults but remains controversial in patients aged 75 years or over. The objective of this study was to assess the functional and radiological outcomes and to describe the complications of surgical treatment in this older population.

Hypothesis: Surgery is the optimal treatment for displaced olecranon fractures in patients aged 75 years or over.

Geographic Distributions in Hypertension Diagnosis, Measurement, Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control Rates among Middle-aged and Older Adults in China.

Hypertension is of public health importance in China, but information on geographic distribution on hypertension by map visualization is limited for middle-aged and older adults. Regional geographic variations remain unexplained. Our study is to present geographic distributions at the provincial level and identify provinces and municipalities with high hypertension diagnosis, measurement and prevalence rates and/or low awareness, treatment, control rates among aged 45+ adults in China.

Probit Models to Investigate Prevalence of Total Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Diabetes among Aged 45 Years or Older Adults in China.

The aims of this study are to identify the most important predictors of total diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and estimate the mean change in the predicted probability among aged 45+ adults in China. We used baseline data collected from 2011 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) (n = 9,513). First, we estimated the prevalence of diagnosed, measured, total diagnosed, and undiagnosed diabetes.

The effect of early mobilization protocols on postoperative outcomes following abdominal and thoracic surgery: A systematic review.

Background: Early mobilization is considered an important element of postoperative care; however, how best to implement this intervention in clinical practice is unknown. This systematic review summarizes the evidence regarding the impact of specific early mobilization protocols on postoperative outcomes after abdominal and thoracic surgery.

Method: The review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Prehabilitation versus rehabilitation: a randomized control trial in patients undergoing colorectal resection for cancer.

Background: The preoperative period (prehabilitation) may represent a more appropriate time than the postoperative period to implement an intervention. The impact of prehabilitation on recovery of function al exercise capacity was thus studied in patients undergoing colorectal resection for cancer.

Methods: A parallel-arm single-blind superiority randomized controlled trial was conducted.

A comparison of the validity of two indirect utility instruments as measures of postoperative recovery.

Background: Cost-effectiveness analyses of surgical interventions require valid measures of postoperative recovery. The objective of this study was to compare the validity of two indirect utility instruments, the Short Form 6D (SF-6D) and EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D), as measures of postoperative recovery.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort of patients undergoing elective colorectal resection at two university-affiliated institutions from October 2012-October 2013 completed the SF-6D and EQ-5D (including the EQ-visual analog scale [EQ-VAS]) at baseline (before surgery), and at 4 and 8 wk after surgery.

Chronic pain after carpal tunnel surgery: epidemiology and associated factors.

Background: Chronic postoperative pain (CPOP) has been assessed after major orthopedic surgeries but not after carpal tunnel surgery (CTS). This study aimed at describing the evolution of nocturnal and diurnal pains during the year following CTS, and at looking for factors associated with CPOP.

Methods: Cohort of adult outpatients operated by one single surgeon, under regional anaesthesia (RA).

Impact of a trimodal prehabilitation program on functional recovery after colorectal cancer surgery: a pilot study.

Background: Patients undergoing colorectal cancer resections are at risk for delayed recovery. Prehabilitation aims to enhance functional capacity preoperatively for better toleration of surgery and to facilitate recovery. The authors previously demonstrated the limited impact of a prehabilitation program using exercise alone.

["Nursing care visit: possibilities and limits". An empirical study in Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein].

This study examines the distribution, understanding and objectives of nursing visits as well as the implementation and the experience with nursing visits in 87 hospitals in North Germany (Bremen, Lower Saxony, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). The survey was conducted using a questionnaire. It was found that nursing visits are implemented in 31% of the departments.

In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of the drug-drug interaction between fluvoxamine and clozapine.

The drug-drug interaction between fluvoxamine (FLV) and clozapine (CLZ) was evaluated by in-vitro and in-vivo methods. In-vitro studies were conducted using human hepatic microsomal preparations with standard chemical inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 (CYP 450) isozyme system. Furafyline, FLV, troleandomycin (TAO) and erythromycin were used as the chemical inhibitors.

Increased lithium serum and red blood cell concentrations during ketorolac coadministration.

Case reports of a lithium-ketorolac drug interaction have been published, but no formal investigation of this interaction has been conducted. The objective of the study presented here was to determine significant changes in lithium serum and red blood cell (RBC) concentrations after lithium and ketorolac (oral formulation) coadministration at steady-state conditions. Five healthy men participated in the study and received lithium 900 mg/day (300 mg in the morning and 600 mg at bedtime) for 13 days.

Venlafaxine and nefazodone, two pharmacologically distinct antidepressants.

Venlafaxine, a phenylethylamine, and nefazodone, a phenylpiperazine compound, are the newest antidepressants to receive approval of the Food and Drug Administration and to be marketed in the United States. Both strongly inhibit serotonin (5-HT) reuptake; venlafaxine also inhibits norepinephrine reuptake, and nefazodone also exhibits 5-HT2-receptor antagonism. Venlafaxine inhibits the cytochrome P-450 2D6 isozyme to a lesser extent than the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and is 27% protein bound.

[Early amniocentesis in prenatal diagnosis].

In the period 1990-1991 483 prenatal diagnosis were carried out. Of those in 111 (23%) the technique of early amniocentesis was used, i.e.

[Placental lactogen and estrogens in the amniotic fluid in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy complicated by hypertension in relation to the state of the newborn].

The study was carried out in 45 samples of amniotic fluid taken by amniocentesis from 21 hypertensive mothers (study group) and 24 healthy mothers (control group). In these samples the concentrations were determined of total oestrogens and human placental lactogen. In the evaluation of the state of the newborns the following was considered: 1) length and body weight, 2) status in the 1st minute of life (Apgar score).

Malignant lymphoma in Manila--a clinicopathologic study at the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital Medical Center.

An analysis is presented of the histopathologic, clinical and prognostic features of malignant lymphomas (MLs) treated at the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital Medical Center, Manila, between 1975 and 1981. There were 434 malignant lymphomas, constituting 3.86% of all cancers studied at this institute during this period.

[Dental caries in Southern Morocco. The role of socio-economic, ecological, racial geographic and nutritional factors].

1,376 male inhabitants of 15 towns in Southern Marocco were studied. The caries incidence were found to be higher than expected in view of their stage of civilization and the remoteness of the area. Two factors were found to be the reason for the advanced caries incidence: the high sugar intake, mainly used to sweeten the often drunk tea, and the wide-spread date as the most important food.