Long-Term Efficacy of Ethanol Ablation as Treatment of Metastatic Lymph Nodes From Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Context: Ethanol ablation (EA) is considered an alternative to surgery for metastatic lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in selected patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of this treatment.

Design And Setting: Adult patients with PTC who had received EA in lymph node metastasis at a tertiary referral center, and were included in a published study from 2011, were invited to participate in this follow-up study.

Early detection of complications in pancreas transplants by microdialysis catheters, an observational feasibility study.

Background: Despite advances in immunosuppression and surgical technique, pancreas transplantation is encumbered with a high rate of complication and graft losses. Particularly, venous graft thrombi occur relatively frequently and are rarely detected before the transplant is irreversibly damaged.

Methods: To detect complications early, when the grafts are potentially salvageable, we placed microdialysis catheters anteriorly and posteriorly to the graft in a cohort of 34 consecutive patients.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with a transient increase of intratumoral T-cell density in microsatellite stable colorectal liver metastases.

Patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM) commonly receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) prior to surgical resection. NACT may induce immunogenic cell death with subsequent recruitment of T-cells to the tumor microenvironment, which could be exploited by immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). In theory, this could expand the use of ICI to obtain responses also in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer, but evidence to suggest optimal treatment schedules are lacking.

Portal vein reconstruction using primary anastomosis or venous interposition allograft in pancreatic surgery.

Objective: Superior mesenteric vein/portal vein (SMV/PV) resection and reconstruction during pancreatic surgery are increasingly common. Several reconstruction techniques exist. The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics of patients and clinical outcomes for SMV/PV reconstruction using interposed cold-stored cadaveric venous allograft (AG+) or primary end-to-end anastomosis (AG-) after segmental vein resections during pancreatic surgery.

Molecular signatures reflecting microenvironmental metabolism and chemotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death in colorectal liver metastases.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with highly variable clinical outcome and response to therapy. The recently identified consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4) have prognostic and therapeutic implications in primary CRC, but whether these subtypes are valid for metastatic disease is unclear. We performed multi-level analyses of resectable CRC liver metastases (CLM) to identify molecular characteristics of metastatic disease and evaluate the clinical relevance.

Cold-stored cadaveric venous allograft for superior mesenteric/portal vein reconstruction during pancreatic surgery.

Background: SMV/PV resection has become common practice in pancreatic surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and surgical outcome of using cold-stored cadaveric venous allografts (AG) for superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and portal vein (PV) reconstruction during pancreatectomy.

Methods: Patients who underwent pancreatic resection with concomitant vascular resection and reconstruction with AG between January 2006 and December 2014 were identified from our institutional prospective database.

A Novel Concept for Partial Liver Transplantation in Nonresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: The RAPID Concept.

Objective: Selected patients with nonresectable colorectal liver metastases benefit from liver transplantation and have acceptable 5-year survival rates. However, allocating full-sized grafts to this group of patients is difficult due to the scarcity of grafts. This could be improved by utilizing small partial grafts, which mandates effective strategies to overcome the problems regarding insufficient functional liver mass.

Choosing the best reconstruction technique in abdominal computed tomography: a systematic approach.

Objective: There is uncertainty regarding the effect of iterative reconstruction (IR) techniques and other reconstruction algorithms on image quality. The aim of this study was to optimize image quality in relation to radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) liver examinations by comparing images reconstructed with different abdominal filters with and without IR.

Methods: An anthropomorphic phantom was scanned on a Toshiba Aquilion ONE CT scanner.

PET-CT in the assessment of lung cancer at Rikshospitalet from 2007-2011.

Background: PET-CT is an aid in the assessment of lung cancer for identifying operable patients. The examination is recommended for most patients with non-small cell lung cancer whom the primary assessment has indicated may have a curable disease. The aim was to assess the usefulness of PET-CT for patients assumed to be operable who underwent an examination at Rikshospitalet.

Color Doppler ultrasound-guided transducer compression of post biopsy bleeding of kidney transplants.

Background: Color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) has a potential of early detection of post biopsy bleeding. We describe CDUS guidance in planning, acquisition, and, in the case of bleeding, compression of the needle tract in biopsy procedures of kidney transplants.

Methods: Eighty-three kidney transplant biopsy procedures performed on clinical indication were performed in 71 adult patients, 25 women, mean age 51 years, using CDUS and 18-G biopsy needles.

Tissue elasticity estimated by acoustic radiation force impulse quantification depends on the applied transducer force: an experimental study in kidney transplant patients.

Objectives: Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) quantification estimates tissue elasticity by measuring shear-wave velocity (SWV) and has been applied to various organs. We evaluated the impact of variations in the transducer force applied to the skin on the SWV ultrasound measurements in kidney transplant cortex and ARFI's ability to detect fibrosis in kidney transplants.

Methods: SWV measurements were performed in the cortex of 31 patients with kidney allografts referred for surveillance biopsies.

Diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography and histopathology in the diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia.

Background: The relative clinical benefit of histopathology and computed tomography (CT) in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is under debate.

Purpose: To analyze thin-section CT features and histopathologic findings in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in the clinical context of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and to evaluate and compare diagnostic accuracy of the two methods among patients with an appropriate spectrum of IIP.

Material And Methods: The study included 91 patients (49 men; mean age 53.

Non-invasive assessment of renal allograft fibrosis by dynamic sonographic tissue perfusion measurement.

Background: Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) characterized by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy is a major cause of renal transplant failure. The diagnosis can currently only be verified by a graft biopsy.

Purpose: To evaluate whether non-invasive dynamic color Doppler sonographic parenchymal perfusion measurements are different in grafts with various degrees of biopsy proven renal transplant fibrosis.

Assessment of renal allograft fibrosis by acoustic radiation force impulse quantification--a pilot study.

Chronic allograft nephropathy characterized by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy is a major cause of renal transplant failure. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) quantification is a promising noninvasive method for assessing tissue stiffness. We evaluated if the method could reveal renal transplant fibrosis.

White matter lesion load increases the risk of low CSF Aβ42 in apolipoprotein E-ɛ4 carriers attending a memory clinic.

Background: White matter lesions (WMLs) are age-related manifestations of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and increase the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ɛ4 allele is a risk factor for late onset AD and has been related to low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 levels and to cerebrovascular disease. The present study analyzed the relationship between WMLs, ApoE-ɛ4 genotype, and low CSF Aβ42.

Clinical utility of microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic artery occlusion after liver transplantation.

To evaluate the frequency of use and the diagnostic accuracy of real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of hepatic artery occlusion after liver transplantation. One hundred and fifty-two liver transplantations in 142 adult subjects, comprising 80 male patients and 62 female patients, were studied. After surgery, liver circulation was routinely assessed by conventional Doppler ultrasound (US).

White matter lesion subtypes and cognitive deficits in patients with memory impairment.

Aim: To analyze the relationship between periventricular (PV) and subcortical (SC) white matter lesions (WML) and cognitive function in patients with memory impairment.

Methods: In total, 253 patients with Global Deterioration Scale scores >or=3 who had been referred to a university-based memory unit due to memory complaints were included (mean age 69.7 years, 124 females).

MRI of the small bowel with oral contrast or nasojejunal intubation in Crohn's disease: randomized comparison of patient acceptance.

Objective: Magnetic resonance imaging of the small bowel with an oral contrast (MRI per os) is believed to generate fewer adverse symptoms compared with installation of the contrast in a nasojejunal catheter (MRE). However, there is very little evidence to support this assumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance of patients examined with both of these MRI methods.

[Urography findings after total cystectomy and urinary diversion].

Background: Urinary tract obstruction may damage the kidneys, but the interpretation of intravenous urograms is difficult after a total cystectomy for bladder cancer. There is a need for practical guidelines for image reading.

Material And Methods: Urograms were routinely taken to control 20 patients (18 men) who had been operated for bladder cancer with total cystectomy and urinary diversion between 1999 and 2004.

Intestinal gas in plain abdominal radiographs does not correlate with symptoms after lactulose challenge.

Observation: Intestinal gas production and abdominal discomfort can be triggered by the ingestion of carbohydrates such as lactulose. Using plain abdominal radiographs, we studied whether subjective complaints after a lactulose breath test would be quantitatively related to intestinal gas volumes.

Methods: Abdominal symptoms after the breath test were quantified by a written questionnaire and gas volumes were scored in plain abdominal radiographs, in 50 consecutive patients with unexplained, irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms.