Abnormal centriolar biomarker ratios correlate with unexplained bull artificial insemination subfertility: a pilot study.

The mechanisms underlying male infertility are poorly understood. Most mammalian spermatozoa have two centrioles: the typical barrel-shaped proximal centriole (PC) and the atypical fan-like distal centriole (DC) connected to the axoneme (Ax). These structures are essential for fertility.

Global regulatory standards for the approval of biosimilars.

On March 23, 2010, President Barack Obama signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which contains the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act. Biosimilars have an important role in the United States health care system, and this new law creates an abbreviated approval pathway for biosimilar products in the U.S.

Balancing modern medical benefits and risks.

The changing landscape of medical benefits and risks creates new challenges for all stakeholders in health care. We offer examples of different medical interventions to help illustrate the complexity and diversity of considerations that define the trade-offs between benefits and risks for each patient. As more information becomes available at all stages of a product's life cycle, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) needs to play a central role as an authoritative voice in communicating drugs' benefits and risks and must have the resources to perform the functions necessary to keep pace with this accelerating rate of change.