Clinical application of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography radiomics-based machine learning analyses in the field of oncology.

Machine learning (ML) analyses using F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) radiomics features have been applied in the field of oncology. The current review aimed to summarize the current clinical articles about F-FDG PET/CT radiomics-based ML analyses to solve issues in classifying or constructing prediction models for several types of tumors. In these studies, lung and mediastinal tumors were the most commonly evaluated lesions, followed by lymphatic, abdominal, head and neck, breast, gynecological, and other types of tumors.

FLT-PET/CT diagnosis of primary and metastatic nodal lesions of gastric cancer: comparison with FDG-PET/CT.

Purpose: To examine the diagnostic performance of (18)F-fluorothymidine (FLT)-PET/CT of primary and metastatic nodal lesions of gastric cancer by comparing with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT.

Methods: The enrolled study population comprised 17 patients with 17 newly diagnosed gastric cancers who underwent surgery of the primary lesion and regional nodes after both FDG- and FLT-PET/CT scans. Visual detectability of the primary gastric lesions was correlated with pathological factors using the Fisher exact or Mann-Whitney U test.

FDG-PET/CT and FLT-PET/CT for differentiating between lipid-poor benign and malignant adrenal tumours.

Objective: To compare F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and F-18-fluorothymidine (FLT) PET/CT examinations for differentiating between benign and malignant adrenal tumours.

Methods: Thirty lipid-poor benign and 11 malignant tumours of 40 patients were included. FDG- and FLT-based indices including visual score, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and FDG adrenal lesion/liver SUVmax (A/L SUVmax) or FLT adrenal lesion/back muscle SUVmax (A/B SUVmax) ratio were compared between benign and malignant tumours using the Mann-Whitney's U or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and their diagnostic performances were evaluated by means of the area under the curve (AUC) values derived from the receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-fluorothymidine PET/CT for primary colorectal cancer and its lymph node metastasis: comparison with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT.

Purpose: To examine the diagnostic performance of (18)F-fluorothymidine (FLT) PET/CT in primary and metastatic lymph node colorectal cancer foci in comparison with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT.

Methods: The study population comprised 28 patients with 30 newly diagnosed colorectal cancers who underwent surgical resection of the primary lesion and regional lymph nodes after both FLT and FDG PET/CT. The associations between SUVmax levels and pathological factors were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test.