Frequency-tuned electromagnetic field therapy improves post-stroke motor function: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: Impaired upper extremity (UE) motor function is a common disability after ischemic stroke. Exposure to extremely low frequency and low intensity electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) in a frequency-specific manner (Electromagnetic Network Targeting Field therapy; ENTF therapy) is a non-invasive method available to a wide range of patients that may enhance neuroplasticity, potentially facilitating motor recovery. This study seeks to quantify the benefit of the ENTF therapy on UE motor function in a subacute ischemic stroke population.

SARS-CoV-2-associated haemorrhagic encephalitis mimicking Herpes encephalitis.

Although acute encephalopathy is quite commonly seen in patients of SARS-CoV-2 infection, encephalitis characterised by brain inflammation is relatively rare. Encephalitis caused by Herpes simplex type 1 is the most common cause of identified sporadic encephalitis, and early diagnosis and prompt treatment can prevent the devastating outcome. In this brief communication, we report a case of SARS-CoV-2 associated haemorrhagic encephalitis mimicking herpes encephalitis.

Curious case of steroid responsive diffuse anterior horn cell disease associated with COVID-19 infection.

Covid-19-associated neurological manifestations are being reported with increased frequency throughout the world. In a study from China, symptoms referable to peripheral nervous system (PNS) were described in approximately 9% of hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Common PNS symptoms reported in the study were loss of taste/smell and muscle pains.

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration as a presenting manifestation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Background: Paraneoplastic Cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is one of the classical paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) which is characterised by subacute onset, progressive cerebellar ataxia and is usually associated with small cell lung carcinoma, adeno carcinoma of breast and ovary followed by Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Objective: We herein report a case of subacute onset, progressive cerebellar ataxia in a 37-year-old female, who on evaluation was found to have non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and experienced good clinical response to treatment.

Discussion: As compared to solid tumours, chances of association of PNS with Lymphomas is quite low and there are only few case reports in the literature showing association of PCD with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Contrasting tale of four patients from a tertiary care centre in India.

Background: Globally, more than 12 million people have been infected with COVID -19 infection till date with more than 500,000 fatalities. Although, Covid-19 commonly presents with marked respiratory symptoms in the form of cough and dyspnoea, a neurotropic presentation has been described of late as well.

Objective: In this brief communication we report four cases of Covid-19 who presented to our hospital with features suggestive of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS).

Neurodevelopmental disorders in children aged 2-9 years: Population-based burden estimates across five regions in India.

Background: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) compromise the development and attainment of full social and economic potential at individual, family, community, and country levels. Paucity of data on NDDs slows down policy and programmatic action in most developing countries despite perceived high burden.

Methods And Findings: We assessed 3,964 children (with almost equal number of boys and girls distributed in 2-<6 and 6-9 year age categories) identified from five geographically diverse populations in India using cluster sampling technique (probability proportionate to population size).

Melatonergic drugs for therapeutic use in insomnia and sleep disturbances of mood disorders.

Insomnia is common among elderly people and nearly 30 to 40% of the adult population also suffer from insomnia. Pharmacological treatment of insomnia include the use of benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine drugs like zolpidem, zaleplon, Zopiclone. Although these drugs improve sleep, their usage is also associated with number of adverse effects, Melatonin, the hormone secreted by the pineal gland of all animals and human beings has been used for treatment of insomnias, since the timing of its secretion in humans as well as in most of the animals coincides with the increase of nocturnal sleep propensity.

Nerve conduction study of healthy Asian Malays: the influence of age on median, ulnar, and sural nerves.

Background: Nerve conduction study is essential in the diagnosis of focal neuropathies and diffuse polyneuropathies. There are many factors that can affect nerve conduction velocity, and age is one of them. Most of the many studies of this effect, and the values from them, were on Caucasian subjects.

Nerve conduction study among healthy malays. The influence of age, height and body mass index on median, ulnar, common peroneal and sural nerves.

Nerve conduction study is essential in the diagnosis of focal neuropathies and diffuse polyneuropathies. Age, height and body mass index (BMI) can affect nerve velocities as reported by previous studies. We studied the effect of these factors on median, ulnar, common peroneal and sural nerves among healthy Malay subjects.

Botulinum toxin type A in prophylactic treatment of migraine.

Current migraine preventive therapies are often unsatisfactory because of their limited efficacy, adverse effects, and drug interactions. An open-label, non-controlled study of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) suggested some benefits for patients with migraine. To assess the efficacy and safety of BTX-A, a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel group study was conducted in 32 patients with a history of 2 to 8 migraine attacks per month, with or without aura.

Effect of Yoga asanas on nerve conduction in type 2 diabetes.

Twenty Type 2 diabetic subjects between the age group of 30-60 years were studied to see the effect of 40 days of Yoga asanas on the nerve conduction velocity. The duration of diabetes ranged from 0-10 years. Subject suffering from cardiac, renal and proliferative retinal complications were excluded from the study Yoga asanas included Suryanamskar.

Efficacy and tolerability of prochlorperazine buccal tablets in treatment of acute migraine.

Objectives: To study the efficacy and tolerability of prochlorperazine (PCZ) management of acute migraine.

Design And Methods: A double blind comparative study was conducted to assess the efficacy of buccal PCZ 3 mg compared with oral ergotamine tartarate 1 mg plus caffeine 100 mg (ERG) or placebo (buccal or oral) for treatment of acute migraine. In all, 114 episodes of acute migraine were evaluated.