A scoping review on the errors in medical certification of the cause of death in India.

Medical certification of the cause of death provides epidemiological information for developing cause-specific mortality and disease trends, guiding the monitoring of health programmes and allocating health resources. Therefore, providing correct information on the cause of death is essential. This study describes the errors in medical certification of the cause of death in India.

Overall survival of prostate cancer from Sangrur and Mansa cancer registries of Punjab state, India.

Introduction: There is a scarcity of population-based prostate cancer survival data in India. We assessed the population-based, overall survival of patients with prostate cancer from the Sangrur and Mansa cancer registries of the Punjab state, India.

Methods: In the year 2013-2016, a total of 171 prostate cancer cases were registered in these two registries.

Cancer pattern in Varanasi district from Uttar Pradesh state of India, a foundation for cancer control based on the first report of the population-based cancer registry.

Background: The cancer registry provides reliable data from the population. In this article, we provide cancer burden and its patterns from the Varanasi district.

Methods: The method adopted by the Varanasi cancer registry is community interaction along with regular visits to more than 60 sources to collect data on cancer patients.

Determinants of completion of cancer directed treatment: an experience from a rural cancer centre, Sangrur, Punjab state, India.

In low and middle-income countries, access to cancer diagnosis and treatment is suboptimal. Further, compliance to cancer treatment is a major issue due to various reasons including financial barriers, lack of family support and fear of treatment. This article discusses the determinants of treatment completion in cancer patients of a government-run hospital, in a rural part of Punjab in India.

HPV screening for cervical cancer in rural India.

Background: In October 1999, we began to measure the effect of a single round of screening by testing for human papillomavirus (HPV), cytologic testing, or visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) on the incidence of cervical cancer and the associated rates of death in the Osmanabad district in India.

Methods: In this cluster-randomized trial, 52 clusters of villages, with a total of 131,746 healthy women between the ages of 30 and 59 years, were randomly assigned to four groups of 13 clusters each. The groups were randomly assigned to undergo screening by HPV testing (34,126 women), cytologic testing (32,058), or VIA (34,074) or to receive standard care (31,488, control group).

Prevalence of tobacco use and tobacco-dependent cancers in males in the Rural Cancer Registry population at Barshi, India.

Background: In the Rural Cancer Registry at Barshi (western Maharashtra, India), it has been found that the incidence of cancer is relatively low.

Aim: To explain the low incidence of tobacco related cancers in males on the basis of prevalence of their tobacco habits.

Setting And Design: Simple random sample of villages from Barshi Rural Cancer Registry.

Screening for cervical cancer in India: How much will it cost? A trial based analysis of the cost per case detected.

The cost and cost effectiveness of screening previously unscreened women by VIA, cytology or HPV testing was investigated within a large cluster randomised trial involving 131,178 women in rural India. All resources involved in implementation, training, management, recruitment, screening and diagnosis were identified and costed. We estimated the total costs and detection rates for each cluster and used these data to calculate an average cluster cost and detection rate for each screening approach.

A cluster randomized controlled trial of visual, cytology and human papillomavirus screening for cancer of the cervix in rural India.

The impact of screening by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), cytology or HPV testing on cervical cancer incidence and mortality is investigated in a cluster randomized controlled trial in India. We report findings after the screening phase, when 52 clusters, with a total of 142,701 women aged 30-59 years in Osmanabad District, India, were randomized into 4 arms for a single round of screening by trained midwives with either VIA, cytology or HPV testing as well as a control group. All laboratory tests were done locally.