Characterisation of islet antibody-negative type 1 diabetes mellitus in Indian children.

Aims: Islet antibody-negative type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not been well characterised. We determined the frequency of antibody-negative T1DM and compared it with antibody-positive T1DM in a cohort of north Indian children.

Methods: In a multi-centre, prospective, observational study, 176 Indian children (age 1-18 years) were assessed within 2 weeks of diagnosis of T1DM.

Clinico-epidemiological characteristics of early- versus late-onset cytomegalovirus disease among renal transplant recipients: A two-decade experience.

Background: Reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in transplant patients is high because of immunosuppression. We have evaluated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of early versus late onset of CMV infection among renal transplant recipients.

Methods: A single center retrospective observational study was conducted among renal transplant recipients who underwent kidney transplant between January 2002 and December 2021.

High Frequency of Recessive WFS1 Mutations Among Indian Children With Islet Antibody-negative Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: While the frequency of islet antibody-negative (idiopathic) type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is reported to be increased in Indian children, its aetiology has not been studied. We investigated the role of monogenic diabetes in the causation of islet antibody-negative T1DM.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 169 Indian children (age 1-18 years) with recent-onset T1DM.

Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Genotype Detection in Paired Urine and Self-Collected Cervical Swabs: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: With the objective of establishing a simple, cost-effective, and effective screening tool for the screening of Human Papilloma Virus infection, the study was undertaken.

Material Methods: This pilot study was conducted on 20 urine samples of women whose cervical swabs were tested positive while screening for Human papilloma virus in asymptomatic women.

Results: HPV genotypes were detected in 94% (16/17) patients in urine samples by real-time PCR while a 100% detection rate (15/15) was observed in the cervical swab samples.

Cytomegalovirus reactivation with high viral load in a patient of coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus establishes life-long latency after primary infection in childhood. Cytomegalovirus reactivation has been well reported in immune-compromised patients; however, in the last few years it has been observed that cytomegalovirus reactivation also occurs in critically ill patients without exogenous immunosuppression, which increases length of intensive care unit stay and mortality rate.

Case Report: A 63-year-old Indian male, without any known comorbidity, developed severe coronavirus disease 2019 and was admitted to the intensive care unit.

Evaluation of Rapid Antigen Test as a Marker of SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity.

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in late 2019 continues to spread globally. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, does not always indicate contagiousness. This study was planned to evaluate the performance of the rapid antigen test (RAT) with the duration of symptoms and the usefulness of these tests in determining the infectivity of patients by performing sub-genomic RT-PCR.

Exaggerated levels of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in Japanese encephalitis infected BV2 and neuro 2A cell lines associated with worst outcome.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) disease, a viral brain fever is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Despite the availability of effective vaccines against this deadly infection, JE is the leading cause of epidemic viral encephalitis in children in South-east Asia. There is no treatment available for the JE disease which might be due to incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of JE virus.

Electroconductive PEDOT nanoparticle integrated scaffolds for spinal cord tissue repair.

Background: Hostile environment around the lesion site following spinal cord injury (SCI) prevents the re-establishment of neuronal tracks, thus significantly limiting the regenerative capability. Electroconductive scaffolds are emerging as a promising option for SCI repair, though currently available conductive polymers such as polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) present poor biofunctionality and biocompatibility, thus limiting their effective use in SCI tissue engineering (TE) treatment strategies.

Methods: PEDOT NPs were synthesized via chemical oxidation polymerization in miniemulsion.

Assessing a chip based rapid RTPCR test for SARS CoV-2 detection (TrueNat assay): A diagnostic accuracy study.

COVID-19 testing is required before admission of a patient in the hospitals, invasive procedures, major and minor surgeries etc. Real Time Polymerase chain reaction is the gold standard test for the diagnosis, but requires well equipped biosafety laboratory along with trained manpower. In this study we have evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of novel TrueNat molecular assay for detecting SARS CoV-2.

Pandoraea apista Bacteremia in a COVID-Positive Man: A Rare Coinfection Case Report from North India.

is a novel gram-negative bacillus usually isolated from respiratory specimens of cystic fibrosis patients. Few cases of bacteremia have also been reported due to this rare pathogen. Emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates of this bacillus is of grave concern.

The Spectrum of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Coronavirus Disease-19: Predictors, Relationship With Disease Severity, and Outcome.

Introduction: We prospectively studied the frequency, spectrum, and predictors of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms among patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and the relationship between GI symptoms and the severity and outcome.

Methods: Consecutive patients with COVID-19, diagnosed in a university hospital referral laboratory in northern India, were evaluated for clinical manifestations including GI symptoms, their predictors, and the relationship between the presence of these symptoms, disease severity, and outcome on univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results: Of 16,317 subjects tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in their oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs during April-May 2020, 252 (1.

Evaluation of seven commercial RT-PCR kits for COVID-19 testing in pooled clinical specimens.

There are more than 350 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) testing kits commercially available but these kits have not been evaluated for pooled sample testing. Thus, this study was planned to compare and evaluate seven commercially available kits for pooled samples testing. Diagnostic accuracy of (1) TRUPCR SARS-CoV-2 Kit (Black Bio), (2) TaqPath RT-PCR COVID-19 Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific), (3) Allplex 2019-nCOV Assay (Seegene), (4) Patho detect COVID-19 PCR kit (My Lab), (5) LabGun COVID-19 RT-PCR Kit (Lab Genomics, Korea), (6) Fosun COVID-19 RT-PCR detection kit (Fosun Ltd.

Identifying and Implementing Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Self-Contamination of Health Care Workers Caused by Doffing of Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, it is estimated that tens of thousands of health care workers have been infected. The doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) has been identified an important place and procedure that might influence the self-contamination of health care workers. More recent evidence suggests that, in addition to existing infection control standards, there is an urgent need for the incorporation of various recent information and advancements pertaining to structure and process to reduce the self-contamination of health care workers during the doffing of PPE.

Molecular epidemiology & therapeutic options of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Background & Objectives: The growing incidence and the wide diversity of carbapenemase-producing bacterial strains is a major concern as only a few antimicrobial agents are active on carbapenem-resistant bacteria. This study was designed to study molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (GNB) isolates from the community and hospital settings.

Methods: In this study, non-duplicate GNB were isolated from clinical specimens, and phenotypic test such as modified Hodge test, metallo β-lactamase E-strip test, etc.

Can rapid dengue diagnostic kits be trusted? A comparative study of commercially available rapid kits for serodiagnosis of dengue fever.

Background: Dengue virus infection is an important emerging disease of the tropical and subtropical regions and is mainly diagnosed by serological detection of NS1 antigen and IgM antidengue antibodies. Since enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) facilities are not easily available at most diagnostic centers, so most of them use various commercially available rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) kits.

Aims And Objectives: This study was designed to access the diagnostic accuracy of four commercially available and widely used RDTs for serodiagnosis of dengue virus infection in Indian laboratories.

The Meniscus in Normal and Osteoarthritic Tissues: Facing the Structure Property Challenges and Current Treatment Trends.

The treatment of meniscus injuries has recently been facing a paradigm shift toward the field of tissue engineering, with the aim of regenerating damaged and diseased menisci as opposed to current treatment techniques. This review focuses on the structure and mechanics associated with the meniscus. The meniscus is defined in terms of its biological structure and composition.

Regional dependency of bovine meniscus biomechanics on the internal structure and glycosaminoglycan content.

Menisci play a major role in the mechanical function of the knee. They are subjected to large compressive forces and as a result and due to its avascular structure, menisci are prone to irreparable damage. Meniscectomy was once a common procedure for damaged menisci, however alternative approaches involving meniscus regeneration to restore function are of current interest.

Occurrence of bla and bla in a Tertiary Referral Hospital of North India.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a great challenge to clinicians leaving very limited treatment options available. A panel of carbapenem-resistant bacterial isolates was selected based on Rapidec Carba NP test from a total of 900 samples, which were collected from different specialities hospitals of Kanpur, India. Carba NP-positive isolates were screened for carbapenemases, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), quinolone resistance, and 16s methyltransferase genes.

Evaluation of the Rapidec Carba NP Test Kit for Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Recently, bioMérieux, France, introduced the Rapidec Carba NP test kit for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria. This kit was evaluated in this study, and we report sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 92.6%, 96.

Accidental inhalation injury of phosgene gas leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Irritant gas exposure may lead to significant respiratory distress as is seen in the present case of 25 year old male worker who suffered accidental phosgene inhalation. He remained asymptomatic for six hours but later landed up in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the hospital and required ventilatory support. No investigative feature is diagnostic of the nature of irritant gas.