[The role of clonal hematopoiesis in the molecular diagnostics of solid tumors].

This review presents the latest molecular genetic diagnostic and clinical aspects related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). CHIP belongs to the continuously expanding group of pre-cancerous conditions, increasingly recognized in routine patient care due to the development of molecular diagnostic tools and the increase in life expectancy. The incidence of CHIP mutations increases with age (1-2% in individuals aged 50 years, 15-45% in those aged 80 years).

Weight loss treatment for COVID-19 in patients with NCDs: a pilot prospective clinical trial.

Unlabelled: COVID-19 comorbid with noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) complicates the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and increases the mortality rate. The aim is to evaluate the effects of a restricted diet on clinical/laboratory inflammation and metabolic profile, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and body composition in patients with COVID-19 comorbid with NCDs. We conducted a 6-week open, pilot prospective controlled clinical trial.

Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy and Long-Term Survival in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) expression. In this study, we compared response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival between patients with TNBC and non-TNBC.

Patients And Methods: Analysis of a prospectively collected clinical database was performed.

Plasma membrane Ca pump isoform 4 function in cell migration and cancer metastasis.

The Ca ion is a universal second messenger involved in many vital physiological functions including cell migration and development. To fulfil these tasks the cytosolic Ca concentration is tightly controlled, and this involves an intricate functional balance between a variety of channels and pumps of the Ca signalling machinery. Among these proteins, plasma membrane Ca ATPases (PMCAs) represent the major high-affinity Ca extrusion systems in the cell membrane that are effective in maintaining free Ca concentration at exceedingly low cytosolic levels, which is essential for normal cell function.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV-infected patients: potential role in the high mutational load of the Omicron variant emerging in South Africa.

A new variant of SARS-CoV-2 named Omicron (B.1.1.

The Correlation Between Platelet Count and Survival in Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: A number of studies have confirmed that elevated platelet count accompanying various solid tumours is associated with worse survival. However, only meagre data are available on the relationship between thrombocytosis and survival in prostate cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis on clinical-pathological data accumulated from 316 patients during on average 51 months of follow-up after laparoscopic prostatectomy performed for prostate cancer.

Secondary primary malignancies after treatment with chemo-immunotherapy in treatment-naïve patients with CLL: a systematic literature review.

Objectives: In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), therapy-related cytotoxicity and the resulting immunodeficiency are thought to contribute to the development of secondary primary malignancies (SPM). Here, we analyzed clinical trial data on the occurrence of SPM following chemo-immunotherapy (CIT) regimens in treatment-naïve CLL patients.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted covering multiple databases between 2003 and 2019.

Association between COVID-19 morbidity, mortality, and gross domestic product, overweight/ obesity, non-communicable diseases, vaccination rate: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The spread of COVID-19 depends on a lot of social and economic factors.

The Aim: to study the influence of country's gross domestic product, population prevalence of overweight/ obesity, NCD mortality, and vaccination on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with two phases: correlation-regression interrelations in 1) all world countries; 2) all world non-island countries.

Early Transfusion of Convalescent Plasma Improves the Clinical Outcome in Severe SARS-CoV2 Infection.

Introduction: Plasma harvested from convalescent COVID-19 patients (CCP) has been applied as first-line therapy in the early phase of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic through clinical studies using various protocols.

Methods: We present data from a cohort of 267 hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients who received CCP. No transfusion-related complications were reported, indicating the overall safety of CCP therapy.

National level adjustments to the challenges of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic on blood banking operations.

Background: SARS-CoV2 causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is responsible for an unprecedented worldwide pandemic severely affecting all activities of societies including blood banking. We aimed to systematically collect key indicators in a nationally centralized blood banking system and to perform comparisons between 2020 and 2019.

Methods: Count data for January-December 2020 and 2019 were extracted from the integrated informatics system of Hungarian National Blood Transfusion Service and analyzed by simple graphics, tabulations, and statistics.

Two common polymorphic variants of OATP4A1 as potential risk factors for colorectal cancer.

Genetic variations in the organic-anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)-encoding solute carrier of organic anions () genes can promote cancer development and progression. The overexpression of solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 (OATP4A1), a transporter for steroid hormones, prostaglandins, and bile acids, has been previously associated with tumor recurrence and progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between 2 frequent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in (rs34419428, R70Q; rs1047099G, V78I) and CRC predisposition.

The transport pathway in the ABCG2 protein and its regulation revealed by molecular dynamics simulations.

Atomic-level structural insight on the human ABCG2 membrane protein, a pharmacologically important transporter, has been recently revealed by several key papers. In spite of the wealth of structural data, the pathway of transmembrane movement for the large variety of structurally different ABCG2 substrates and the physiological lipid regulation of the transporter has not been elucidated. The complex molecular dynamics simulations presented here may provide a breakthrough in understanding the steps of the substrate transport process and its regulation by cholesterol.

Investigation of TGFB1 -1347C>T variant as a biomarker after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative therapeutic option for malignant hematopoietic diseases. Cytokines including transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) play a pivotal role in immune reconstruction, and the development of graft versus host disease (GvHD) or infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TGFB1 gene -1347C>T variant in the outcome of HSCT in a cohort of 409 adult recipient-donor pairs.

Current Trends in Applications of Circulatory Microchimerism Detection in Transplantation.

Primarily due to recent advances of detection techniques, microchimerism (the proportion of minor variant population is below 1%) has recently gained increasing attention in the field of transplantation. Availability of polymorphic markers, such as deletion insertion or single nucleotide polymorphisms along with a vast array of high sensitivity detection techniques, allow the accurate detection of small quantities of donor- or recipient-related materials. This diagnostic information can improve monitoring of allograft injuries in solid organ transplantations (SOT) as well as facilitate early detection of relapse in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Discovering the chloride pathway in the CFTR channel.

Cystic fibrosis (CF), a lethal monogenic disease, is caused by pathogenic variants of the CFTR chloride channel. The majority of CF mutations affect protein folding and stability leading overall to diminished apical anion conductance of epithelial cells. The recently published cryo-EM structures of full-length human and zebrafish CFTR provide a good model to gain insight into structure-function relationships of CFTR variants.

Donor KIR2DS1 reduces the risk of transplant related mortality in HLA-C2 positive young recipients with hematological malignancies treated by myeloablative conditioning.

Background: Recognition of HLA-C2 group alleles on recipient cells by activating killer immunoglobulin like receptors, KIR2DS1 on donor natural killer cells may lead to increased graft-versus-leukemia effect or immunomodulation in patients treated by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) influencing disease free and overall survival (OS).

Objective: In the present study, 314 consecutive, allo-HSCT recipient and donor pairs were included with retrospective donor KIR-genotyping and clinical parameters analyzes.

Results: After a median follow-up of 23.

A systematic literature review of incidence, mortality, and relapse of patients diagnosed with chronic graft versus host disease.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (chronic GVHD) is a leading cause of late death and contributes significantly to morbidity following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This study aims to provide a systematic literature review on incidence, mortality, and relapse of chronic GVHD patients. Areas covered: The authors searched for English-language articles published between 2007 and 2017 using PubMed.

Concentration and Subclass Distribution of Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG Autoantibodies in Different Stages of Acquired Idiopathic Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Background: The acquired form of idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an autoimmune disease, in which the underlying deficiency of the ADAMTS13 protease is caused by autoantibodies, predominantly of the IgG isotype. Certain HLA-DR-DQ haplotypes were associated with the risk of developing TTP.

Objectives: To investigate the development of the ADAMTS13-specific antibody response during the course of the disease, we analyzed the concentration, subclass distribution, and inhibitory potential of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG autoantibodies in samples of TTP patients drawn during the first acute phase, in remission, and during relapse.

Functional polymorphisms of innate immunity receptors are not risk factors for the non-SBP type bacterial infections in cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have a key role in the innate host defense. Functional polymorphisms of various PRRs have been established to contribute to an increased susceptibility to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Their role in the development of cirrhosis-associated bacterial infections (BI), beyond SBP or progressive disease course related to pathological bacterial translocation (BT) remains unknown.

Sex-specific survival difference in association with HLA-DRB1∗04 following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for lymphoid malignancies.

The role of HLA system in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) outcome is unarguable. In this study we investigated association of HLA-A,-B and-DRB1 alleles with overall survival (OS) in 186 patients undergoing allo-HSCT for lymphoid malignancies. Analyses confirmed significantly better OS for HLA-DRB1∗04 carriers compared with non-carriers (p = 0.

Proteasome Subunit Beta Type 1 P11A Polymorphism Is a New Prognostic Marker in Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Proteasome subunit beta type 1 (PSMB1) rs12717 polymorphism, a single nucleotide polymorphism with unknown functional effect, was recently reported to influence response to bortezomib-based therapy in follicular lymphoma.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the prognostic impact of this polymorphism in 211 consecutively diagnosed multiple myeloma cases, and performed in vitro experiments to look into its functional consequences.

Results: On univariate analysis, patients carrying the variant G allele showed significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) with a pattern suggestive of a gene-dose effect (PFS 26.

The adverse effect of FOPNL genomic variant is reversed by bortezomib-based treatment protocols in multiple myeloma.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 oncogene partner N-terminal like gene (FOPNL) rs72773978 polymorphism was identified as an adverse prognostic factor in multiple myeloma (MM). We aimed to investigate the associations of rs72773978 with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in 373 Hungarian MM patients. In our cohort, FOPNL polymorphism showed differential prognostic effect that depended on the treatment applied.

[Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Hungary].

Introduction And Aim: The publication summarizes the 2548 stem cell transplantations performed in the period of 1993-2015 in Szent Laszló Hospital, Budapest and provides a detailed discussion of the 425 allogeneic transplantations during 2007-2013.

Method: The analysis explains the major steps of the evolution of allogeneic stem cell transplantation and compares the results of the unique Hungarian allogeneic center.

Results: The significant shift in the transplantation indications from chronic myeloid leukemia to myelodysplastic syndromes and the rising age of the recipients are in line with world wide tendencies.