Propofol Versus Remifentanil: Which One Is More Effective in Reducing Blood Loss During Orthognathic Surgery? A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Propofol and remifentanil are 2 useful drugs used in induced hypotensive anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of these drugs on intraoperative blood loss, transfusion requirements, and hemodynamic status during standardized orthognathic surgical procedures.

Materials And Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 50 consecutive healthy patients with Class III skeletal deformity were candidates for bimaxillary orthognathic surgery at Qaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Mashhad, Iran), from November 2016 until December 2017.

Biosynthesis of palladium nanoparticles using leaf extract and determination of antibacterial efficacy.

Palladium, the building block of white gold, has been found to exhibit extraordinary properties in nanotechnological products produced in recent years. The most prominent feature of palladium is adsorbing and storing high levels of hydrogen. Therefore, the demand for palladium in the world increased excessively in the 2000s.

Using Molecular Tweezers to Remodel Abnormal Protein Self-Assembly and Inhibit the Toxicity of Amyloidogenic Proteins.

Molecular tweezers (MTs) are broad-spectrum inhibitors of abnormal protein self-assembly, which act by binding selectively to lysine and arginine residues. Through this unique mechanism of action, MTs inhibit formation of toxic oligomers and aggregates. Their efficacy and safety have been demonstrated in vitro, in cell culture, and in animal models.

Physiological study on the influence of some plant oils in rats exposed to a sublethal concentration of diazinon.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the influence of olive, sesame and black seed oils on levels of some physiological parameters in male rats exposed to diazinon (DZN). Body weight changes, and levels of serum total protein, albumin, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), atherogenic index (AI), atherogenic coefficient (AC), cardiac risk ratio (CRR), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MAD) were selected as physiological parameters. The experimental animals were distributed into nine groups.

Gene expression analysis of neuropeptides in oral mucosa during periodontal disease in non-human primates.

Background: Neuropeptides (NPs) are innate pivotal regulators of the immunoinflammatory response. Nevertheless, their role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease remains unknown. Changes in gene expression of 10 NPs and 16 NP receptors (NPRs) coincident with the initiation, progression, and resolution of periodontitis were determined.

Effect of propofol and isoflurane on gas exchange parameters following one-lung ventilation in thoracic surgery: a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: The use of anesthetic drugs with minimal inhibitory effects on the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) could have a decisive role in preventing the hypoxemia during one-lung ventilation (OLV).

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of propofol and isoflurane on the changes in gas exchange parameters following OLV in thoracic surgery.

Methods: This double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on patients who were candidates for elective right thoracotomy referred to the central operating room of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, during February 2016-2017.

Human Body Composition and Immunity: Visceral Adipose Tissue Produces IL-15 and Muscle Strength Inversely Correlates with NK Cell Function in Elderly Humans.

Natural killer (NK) lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion control infections and cancers, but these crucial activities decline with age. NK cell development, homeostasis, and function require IL-15 and its chaperone, IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα). Macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) are major sources of these proteins.

Activation of Notch-1 in oral epithelial cells by P. gingivalis triggers the expression of the antimicrobial protein PLA-IIA.

P. gingivalis (Pg) is an oral pathogen with the ability to induce oral dysbiosis and periodontal disease. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which mucosal responses to the oral microbiota in the presence of specific pathogens such as Pg could abrogate the host-microbe symbiotic relationship leading to periodontitis remain unclear.

Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by ethyl acetate fraction of Phoenix dactylifera L. (Ajwa dates) in prostate cancer cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Phoenix dactylifera L. (Ajwa date) has high nutritive value and are consumed in Arabian Peninsula as an essential diet. Phoenix dactylifera L.

Algorithm of Laparoscopic Technique in Pediatric Inguinal Hernia: Results from Experience of 10 Years.

Background: Many laparoscopic techniques have been evolved along years for pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH) with no standardization of technique. No single technique suits all varieties of hernia.

Purpose: To propose an algorithm for allocation of PIH to laparoscopic technique based on internal ring (IR) diameter to improve outcomes.

Low Dose Spironolactone Monotherapy in the Management of Stage I Essential Hypertension: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: High blood pressure (BP) is a common chronic disease needs long life drug consumption to control. Spironolactone could be used as the fourth-line therapy in patients with resistant hypertension. However, there is no study to determine the effects of low dose spironolactone as a first line therapy in treatment of essential hypertension.

Comparison of the effect of omega-3 supplements and fresh fish on lipid profile: a randomized, open-labeled trial.

Background: Dietary fish is a rich source of Omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These compounds may have protective effect against cardiovascular events possibly by modifying lipid profiles. Consequently, fish oil supplements are produced commercially to complement low fish intake.

Effects of conditioning time and sodium bentonite on pellet quality, growth performance, intestinal morphology and nutrient retention in finisher broilers.

1. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of steam-conditioning time and different levels of processed sodium bentonite (PSB) on pellet quality, growth performance, intestinal development and morphology, and nutrient digestibilities in broilers during finisher period (d 24-45). 2.

Effect of kernel oil consumption on lipid profile of the patients with dyslipidemia: a randomized, open-label controlled clinical trial.

Background: Amygdalus scoparia kernel (ASK) oil is traditionally used for Hyperlipidemia. Compared to olive oil, it has higher proportion of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid besides exhibiting higher index of oxidative stability. The lipid-lowering effects of ASK oil however, has not been investigated yet.

Ultrafast Intersystem Crossing in Acetylacetone via Femtosecond X-ray Transient Absorption at the Carbon K-Edge.

Molecular triplet states constitute a crucial gateway in the photochemical reactions of organic molecules by serving as a reservoir for the excess electronic energy. Here, we report the remarkable sensitivity of soft X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy for following the intricate electronic structure changes accompanying the non-adiabatic transition of an excited molecule from the singlet to the triplet manifold. Core-level X-ray spectroscopy at the carbon-1s K-edge (284 eV) is applied to identify the role of the triplet state (T, ππ*) in the ultraviolet-induced photochemistry of pentane-2,4-dione (acetylacetone, AcAc).

Accuracy of exercise tolerance test in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with left dominant coronary circulation.

Background: Exercise is a physiologic stress that helps the physicians to clarify the presence or absence of cardiovascular disease which may be obscure at rest. Although it is sensitive, its specificity is affected by several parameters, such as some metabolic conditions, some structural heart diseases, and some baseline electrocardiogram abnormalities. Currently, the relationship between coronary dominance and accuracy of EET is not examined.

Protective effect of some plant oils on diazinon induced hepatorenal toxicity in male rats.

Environmental pollution and exposure to environmental pollutants are still some of the major global health issues. Pesticides have been linked to a wide range of health hazards. The toxicity of pesticides depends on several factors such as its chemical properties, doses, exposure period, exposure methods, gender, genetics, age, nutritional status and physiological case of exposed individuals.

Umrah. An opportunity for mass gatherings health research.

[No Abstract Available].

The periodontal war: microbes and immunity.

Maintenance of periodontal health or transition to a periodontal lesion reflects the continuous and ongoing battle between the vast microbial ecology in the oral cavity and the array of resident and emigrating inflammatory/immune cells in the periodontium. This war clearly signifies many 'battlefronts' representing the interface of the mucosal-surface cells with the dynamic biofilms composed of commensal and potential pathogenic species, as well as more recent knowledge demonstrating active invasion of cells and tissues of the periodontium leading to skirmishes in connective tissue, the locality of bone and even in the local vasculature. Research in the discipline has uncovered a concerted effort of the microbiome, using an array of survival strategies, to interact with other bacteria and host cells.

Endothelial progenitor cell subsets and preeclampsia: Findings and controversies.

Vascular remodeling is an essential component of gestation. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in the regulation of vascular homeostasis. The results of studies measuring the number of EPCs in normal pregnancies and in preeclampsia have been highly controversial or even contradictory because of some variations in technical issues and different methodologies enumerating three distinct subsets of EPCs: circulating angiogenic cells (CAC), colony forming unit endothelial cells (CFU-ECs), and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs).

Preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of isoniazid and rifampicin-loaded archaeosomes.

The ability of Archaea to adapt their membrane lipid compositions to extreme environments has brought in archaeosomes into consideration for the development of drug delivery systems overcoming the physical, biological blockades that the body exhibits against drug therapies. In this study, we prepared unilamellar archaeosomes, from the polar lipid fraction extracted from Haloarcula 2TK2 strain, and explored its potential as a drug delivery vehicle. Rifampicin and isoniazid which are conventional drugs in tuberculosis medication were loaded separately and together in the same archaeosome formulation for the benefits of the combined therapy.

A Molecular Tweezer Ameliorates Motor Deficits in Mice Overexpressing α-Synuclein.

Aberrant accumulation and self-assembly of α-synuclein are tightly linked to several neurodegenerative diseases called synucleinopathies, including idiopathic Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Deposition of fibrillar α-synuclein as insoluble inclusions in affected brain cells is a pathological hallmark of synucleinopathies. However, water-soluble α-synuclein oligomers may be the actual culprits causing neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in synucleinopathies.

Chemoprotective effect of omega-3 fatty acids on thioacetamide induced hepatic fibrosis in male rats.

The current study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil on hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in male rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups. The first group was received saline solution and served as control.

Effects of walnut oil on lipid profiles in hyperlipidemic type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: The role of herbal medicine is now well documented in preventing and controlling diabetes mellitus. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of walnut oil consumption on lipid profiles of hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 100 hyperlipidemic type 2 diabetic patients aged 35-75 years were assigned to receive 15 cc Persian walnut oil or placebo every day for 90 days.

Femtosecond x-ray spectroscopy of an electrocyclic ring-opening reaction.

The ultrafast light-activated electrocyclic ring-opening reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene is a fundamental prototype of photochemical pericyclic reactions. Generally, these reactions are thought to proceed through an intermediate excited-state minimum (the so-called pericyclic minimum), which leads to isomerization via nonadiabatic relaxation to the ground state of the photoproduct. Here, we used femtosecond (fs) soft x-ray spectroscopy near the carbon K-edge (~284 electron volts) on a tabletop apparatus to directly reveal the valence electronic structure of this transient intermediate state.